je

Related terms

    Bourguignon personal pronouns

Number	Person	Gender	Nominative (subject)	Inversion	Reflexive	Accusative (direct complement)	Dative (indirect complement)	Disjunctive (tonic)	Locative (at)	Genitive (of)
Singular	First	—	i (rarely je)	-je	me, m’			moi	—	—
	Second	—	tu, t'	-tu	te, t’			toi	—	—
	Third	Masculine	ai, before vowels el	-ti	se, s’	le, l’	lu	lu	y	en
		Feminine	ale			la, l’		lei
		Neuter	çai	-ce		çai		çai, çan	—	—
		—	an	-an		—	—	soi	—	—
Plural	First	—	i (rarely je)	-je	nos				—	—
	Second	—	vos	-vos	vos				—	—
	Third	Masculine	ai, before vowels el	-ti	se, s’	les	lor	lor	y	en
		Feminine	ales

Pronoun

je (personal pronoun, accusative case)

1. the third-person plural accusative case of on
2. the third-person plural accusative case of ona
3. the third-person plural accusative case of ono

Verb

je

1. third-person singular present indicative of být

Pronoun

je

1. Second-person singular, subjective, unstressed form of jij (you)

   Wat doe je daar? ― What are you doing there?

2. Second-person singular, objective, unstressed form of jou (you)

   Ik doe dit wel voor je. — I'll do this for you.

3. Second-person plural, subjective, unstressed form of jullie (you) (plural)

   Wat doe je daar? — What are you doing there?

4. Second-person plural, objective, unstressed form of jullie (you) (plural)

   Ik doe dit wel voor je. — I'll do this for you.

Determiner

je (second person, possessive)

1. Second-person singular, unstressed form of jouw (your)

   Neem je boek en maak die oefening. — Take your book and do that exercise.

2. Second-person plural, unstressed form of jullie (your) (plural)

   Neem je boeken en maak die oefening. — Take your books and do that exercise.

Pronoun

je (second person, reflexive)

1. Second-person singular of je (yourself)

   Heb je je gewassen? — Did you wash yourself?

2. Second-person plural of je (yourselves)

   Hebben jullie je goed voorbereid? — Have you all prepared yourselves well?

Usage notes

The preposition je can replace any other preposition and remain grammatically correct, albeit more ambiguous. It is usually clear what meaning is intended based on context.

It is most useful for prepositional phrases not involving a literal physical connection, and instead, the correct preposition in the source language is mandated by convention only:

"He bets on the horses." (He doesn't place his money on the physical body of the horse.)

"I typed it on the computer." (It was actually typed using the computer.)

"She'll be here in a minute." (She'll be here within or after a minute.)

Without context, Donu ĝin je mi could mean any of the following:

Donu ĝin je [al] mi. — “Give it to me.”

Donu ĝin je [el] mi. — “Give it from me.”

Donu ĝin je [kun] mi. — “Give it with me.”

Without context, La kato saltis je la tablon could mean any of the following:

La kato saltis je [sur] la tablon. — “The cat jumped onto the table.”

La kato saltis je [malsuper] la tablon. — “The cat jumped under the table.”

La kato saltis je [malantaŭ] la tablon. — “The cat jumped behind the table.”

Related terms

• je la tria
• je mia bedaŭro

Usage notes

• When several pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered impolite to say the pronoun je first; it must be the last one, and tu must be said after third persons (this applies also for toi and moi):
  • Nous irons, Rose, toi et moi.

    You, Rose, and I will go.

Derived terms

• j'

Related terms

Derived terms

• je länger je lieber (“the longer it lasts, the more I like it”)
• je nach
• je nachdem

Synonyms

• zye

Interjection

je

1. oh my!

Interjection

je

1. (slang) yeah (indicating enthusiastic appreciation, etc.)

Noun

je n (genitive singular jes, nominative plural je)

1. (obsolete) Name of the letter J, j.

See also

• (Latin script letter names) litero; a, be, ce, che, de, e, fe, ge, he, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, pe, que, re, se, she, te, u, ve, we, xe, ye, ze

Descendants

• Gallo: je
• Lorrain: i, idj, jge, dje, jé
• Middle French: je, ie
  • French: je
• Norman: je
• Picard: je
• Walloon: dji

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /je/

Verb

je ? (Cyrillic spelling је)

1. is (clitic third-person singular present of bȉti (“to be”))

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /je/

Pronoun

je (Cyrillic spelling је)

1. of her (clitic genitive singular of òna (“she”))
2. to her (clitic accusative singular of òna (“she”))

Usage notes

Je precedes the question, and is more commonly used in writing (to supplement for what is usually conveyed by tone of voice in speech).

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze

Declension

Declension