el

See also: Appendix:Variations of "el"

English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛl/

Etymology 1

From Middle English, from Old English el, from Latin el (the name of the letter L).

Alternative forms

Noun

el (plural els)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter L/l.
Translations

See also

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Noun

el (plural els)

  1. (US) An elevated train, especially for specific systems such as the metro in Chicago.
Translations

Anagrams

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin ille, possibly through a Vulgar Latin *illus. Compare Daco-Romanian el.

Pronoun

el m (plural elj)

  1. (third-person masculine singular pronoun, nominative form) he

Synonyms

Pronoun

el m

  1. (long/stressed accusative form) him
  • ea/ia (feminine equivalent (third-person singular nominative))
  • elj (masculine or mixed plural), eali (feminine plural)
  • ãl/ul/lu (masculine singular accusative- short/unstressed form)
  • (a) lui (masculine singular genitive and masculine singular dative- long/stressed form)
  • ãlj/ilj/lji (masculine singular dative- short/unstressed form)

See also

  • io/iou, mini (first-person singular)
  • tu, tini (second-person singular)
  • noi (first-person plural)
  • voi (second-person plural)
  • nãsh, elj (third-person (masculine or mixed) plural)

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin ille, illum.

Article

el m sg (feminine la, neuter lo, masculine plural los, feminine plural les)

  1. (definite) the

Usage notes

  • The article el contracts to l’ before a word beginning with a vowel or h: l'asturianu (the Asturian), l'hermanu (the brother)
  • The article el contracts to ’l after a word that ends in a vowel, if the following word begins with a consonant.

Derived terms

Breton

Contraction

el

  1. e (preposition “in”) + ul (indefinite article “a(n)”)
  2. e (preposition “in”) + al (definite article “the”)

Catalan

Alternative forms

  • es (salat) in Balearic dialects.
  • lo (colloquial) in North occidental dialects.

Etymology

From earlier lo, from Latin illum, from Latin ille. The initial e- was inserted as an epenthetic vowel after the unstressed -o had begun to be dropped.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /əl/, /el/

Article

el m (feminine la, masculine plural els, feminine plural les)

  1. the; definite article

Usage notes

Before a word that begins with a vowel or silent h- followed by a vowel, the form l' is used.

See also

  • en, masculine singular definite article for given names.

Pronoun

el (proclitic, contracted l', enclitic lo, contracted enclitic 'l)

  1. him (direct object)

Declension

Cornish

Noun

el m (plural eledh)

  1. angel

Crimean Tatar

Noun

el

  1. hand, forearm
  2. ell

Declension

References

  • Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈɛl]

Noun

el n

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter L/l.

Further reading

  • el in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • el in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin ille, illud.

Article

el

  1. the; masculine singular definite article

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse elri (“alder”), cf. ǫlr (compare Icelandic elri, Swedish al, Norwegian Bokmål older), from Proto-Germanic *aluz, *alusō (compare English alder), variant of *alizō, *alisō (compare Dutch els, German Erle), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisos.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛl/, [ɛlˀ]

Noun

el c (singular definite ellen, plural indefinite elle)

  1. alder
Inflection

Etymology 2

Introduced in the 1940’s after Swedish el, abbreviation of elektricitet (“electricity”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛl/, [ɛl]

Noun

el c (singular definite ellen, not used in plural form)

  1. electricity
Synonyms

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • Rhymes: -ɛl
  • IPA(key): /ɛl/
  • audio(file)

Noun

el f, m (plural ellen, diminutive elletje n)

  1. (archaic) yard (unit of measurement)

Derived terms

Emilian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /el/
  • Hyphenation: el

Pronoun

el (personal)

  1. (nominative case, feminine) they
  2. (accusative case, feminine) them

Alternative forms

  • Becomes elj- before a vowel.
  • Becomes -li when acting as an enclitic.

Esperanto

Etymology

Obscure; may be derived from Latin ex ("out of").

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /el/

Preposition

el

  1. made of
    Tio estas ĉemizo el silko
    This is a shirt made of silk.
  2. from (of)
    El kie vi venis?
    Mi venis el Nov-Jorko.
    Where did you come from?
    I came from New York.
    • 1906, Louis de Beaufront, Grammaire et exercices de la langue internationale espéranto:
      Li estas la plej riĉa homo el la mondo.
      He is the richest man in the world.
    • 1906, Louis de Beaufront, Grammaire et exercices de la langue internationale espéranto:
      Li estas la malplej riĉa el ni.
      He is the least rich of us.

Antonyms

  • al (“to”)

Derived terms

Galician

Etymology

From Latin ille (“that”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈel/

Pronoun

el m (accusative o, dative lle)

  1. he

Usage notes

The accusative form o has variant forms lo and no. These alternative forms appear depending on the ending of the preceding word. The form lo is used when the preceding word ends in -r or -s. The no form is used when the preceding word ends in -u or a diphthong. These alternative forms are then suffixed to the preceding word.

The accusative also forms contractions when it immediately follows an indirect object pronoun. For example, Dou che o (“I gave you it”) contracts to Dou cho.

Hungarian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈɛl]
  • Audio(file)

Adverb

el

  1. off
    El a kezekkel!
    Hands off!
  2. away
    Anna elment? Nem ment el.
    Has Anna left? No, she has not.

Derived terms

See also

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛːl/
  • Rhymes: -ɛːl

Verb

el

  1. first-person singular present indicative of ala

Ido

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /el/, /ɛl/

Pronoun

el (plural eli, possessive elua, possessive plural elui)

  1. Apocopic form of elu; she, her

See also

Istriot

Etymology 1

From Latin illum < ille.

Pronoun

el

  1. he (third-person singular masculine personal pronoun)
    • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 128:
      Ch’in tu’l su’ fassulito el me metasse.
      That into his handkerchief he would put me.

Etymology 2

From Latin ille.

Article

el m sg (feminine la)

  1. the

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /el/, [el̺]
  • Hyphenation: él

Determiner

el m

  1. (before a consonant) Apocopic form of ello

Latin

Pronunciation

Noun

el (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letter L.

Usage notes

  • Multiple Latin names for the letter L, l have been suggested. The most common is el or a syllabic l, although there is some evidence which also supports, as names for the letter, lē, ll, əl, lə, and even (in the fourth- or fifth-century first Antinoë papyrus, which gives Greek transliterations of the Latin names of the Roman alphabet’s letters) ιλλε (ille).

Coordinate terms

References

  • el in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to slip, escape from the hands: e (de) manibus effugere, elābi
    • to escape from the hands of the enemy: effugere, elābi e manibus hostium
  • Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), especially pages 30–31, 42–44, and 63

Latvian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɛl]
(file)

Noun

el m (invariable)

  1. The Latvian name of the Latin script letter L/l.

See also

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *elli, from Proto-Germanic *aljaz.

Pronunciation

Determiner

el

  1. other, another

Adverb

el

  1. else, otherwise
  2. elsewhere

Further reading

  • “el (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • “el, els”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • “el (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, 1929
  • “el (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, 1929

Middle Welsh

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /eːl/

Verb

el

  1. third-person singular present subjunctive of mynet

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from Swedish el.

Noun

el

  1. short form of elektrisitet, elektrisk, elektro-, used mainly in compound words. It is treated as a noun rather than a prefix, in the same manner as Swedish.

Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Borrowed from Swedish el.

Noun

el n

  1. short form of elektrisitet, elektrisk, elektro-, used mainly in compound words. It is treated as a noun rather than a prefix, in the same manner as Swedish.

Derived terms

References

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin ille.

Pronoun

el

  1. he (third-person singular subject pronoun)
  2. it (third-person singular subject pronoun)

Old English

Pronunciation

Noun

el m

  1. el, the letter L

Old French

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

  • enl (very rare)

Contraction

el

  1. contraction of en + le (in the)
    • circa 1250, Marie de France, Equitan
      m'est une anguisse el quer ferue, ki tut le cors me fet trembler
      Such a pain has pierced my heart, that it makes my whole body quiver

Etymology 2

Latin alius.

Pronoun

el

  1. something else
    • circa 1150, Thomas d'Angleterre, Le Roman de Tristan, page 94 (of the Champion Classiques edition, →ISBN, lines 857-8:
      ne puet en sun cuer el penser
      fors ço sul: Tristran amer.
      she cannot in her heart think of anything else
      apart from one thing: to love Tristan.

Old Portuguese

Pronoun

el

  1. Apocopic form of ele


Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese ele and Spanish él and from Kabuverdianu el.

Pronoun

el

  1. he, she, third person singular.


Portuguese

Article

el m sg

  1. Only used in el-rei: the

Romanian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *illus, from Latin ille.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /jel/

Pronoun

el m (third-person singular, plural ei)

  1. (nominative form) he

Declension

Nominative
el
Accusative
stressed unstressed
el îl
Genitive
lui
Singular Plural
m & n f m f & n
său sa săi sale
Dative
stressed unstressed
lui îi
Reflexive
Accusative Dative
stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
sine se sie or sieși își

Synonyms

Pronoun

el m (stressed accusative form of el)

  1. (direct object, preceded by preposition, such as "pe", "cu", "la", or "pentru") him
  • ea (third-person feminine singular)
  • ei (third-person masculine plural)
  • ele (third-person feminine plural)

See also

Romansch

Etymology

From Latin ille.

Pronoun

el

  1. he

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈel/

Etymology 1

From Vulgar Latin *illu, from Latin ille, illum.

Article

el (plural los, feminine la, feminine plural las, neuter lo)

  1. Masculine singular definite article; the.
Usage notes
  • The prepositions de and a contract with el, unless el is part of a proper noun.
El misionario se fue a El Salvador para predicar al Salvador.
The missionary went to El Salvador to preach to the Savior.
  • Spanish definite articles are used in some contexts where English uses possessive pronouns.
Tengo las manos sucias.
My hands are dirty.

Etymology 2

From Old Spanish ela, from Latin illa.

Article

el (feminine plural las)

  1. Feminine singular definite article used before nouns which start with a stressed /a/:
    el alma, pl. las almas
    el hacha, pl. las hachas

Further reading

Swedish

Etymology

A contraction of elektricitet or elektrisk, that must have taken place between 1920 and 1975. SAOB (letter E edited in 1921) does not mention this, but does mention the prefix elektro-. Lilla Focus (1961) mentions el- as a prefix, but not as a word of its own.

The use of "el" as a stand-alone word (not just a prefix) was discussed in Teknisk Tidskrift, 15 December 1934, referring to a proposal from "Fera", Föreningen för elektricitetens rationella användning, an association of electric power grid operators.

Man framhåller nämligen med bestämdhet, att "el" ej får betraktas som förkortning utan som en beteckning för allt som har med elektricitet att göra, avsedd att brukas enbart eller i sammansättningar som prefix eller suffix och aldrig tillsammans med punkt och bindestreck. Språkligt sett, kan väl ordet närmast betraktas som en ellips
Teknisk Tidskrift, 15 December 1934

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /eːl/

Noun

el c

  1. electricity, electric current or power; Contraction of elektricitet. or elektrisk
    • 1957, used as a prefix, §14, Lag (1957:262) om allmän energiskatt
      elektrisk kraft som förbrukas för el-, gas-, värme- eller vattenförsörjning i andra kommuner
      electric power which is used for the supply of electricity, gas, heating or water in other municipalities
    • 1975, Håkan Winberg (m), speaking in the Riksdag on May 27 (protocol, page 264)
      Vidare är den del av marknaden som har den högsta betalningsförmågan, dvs. hushållen, inriktad på användning av el.
      Also the part of the market which has the highest purchasing power, i.e. the households, is set for the use of electricity.
    • 1980, Rune Torwald (c), speaking in the Riksdag on January 11 (protocol, page 46)
      När man använder så stor andel av elen till att värma upp bostäder som ju bara utnyttjas vintertid och inte på sommaren, så får man stora säsongvariationer.
      When using so large a portion of the electricity to heat homes, something which is only used in the winter and not in the summer, one will get large seasonal variations.

Declension

Declension of el 
Uncountable
Indefinite Definite
Nominative el elen — —
Genitive els elens — —
  • elanvändning
  • elavbrott
  • elkabel
  • elkraft
  • elmätare
  • elnät
  • elöverföring
  • elöverkänslig
  • elsäkerhet
  • elstängsel
  • elström
  • elverk

Turkish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /el/ or IPA(key): /əl/

Etymology 1

From Old Turkic élig (“hand”), from Proto-Turkic *alı-, *ạl- (“to take”) or *el;-ig ("hand") from Proto-Altaic *ŋā̀li (*ŋā̀li) ("hand"). Cognates with Uzbek ilik, Turkmen el, Gagauz el and Sary-Yughur ɨlɨɣ. (See link: starling.rinet.ru (an etymology dictionary of any global languages online) for more information).

Noun

el (definite accusative eli, plural eller)

  1. hand

Etymology 2

Noun

el (definite accusative eli, plural eller)

  1. a foreign person

Etymology 3

From Old Turkic él, from Proto-Turkic. Cognate with alan.

Noun

el (definite accusative eli, plural eller)

  1. country, homeland, province
Declension
Inflection
Nominative el
Definite accusative eli
Singular Plural
Nominative el eller
Definite accusative eli elleri
Dative ele ellere
Locative elde ellerde
Ablative elden ellerden
Genitive elin ellerin
Possessive forms
Singular Plural
1st singular elim ellerim
2nd singular elin ellerin
3rd singular eli elleri
1st plural elimiz ellerimiz
2nd plural eliniz elleriniz
3rd plural elleri elleri
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular elim ellerim
2nd singular elsin ellersin
3rd singular el
eldir		 eller
ellerdir
1st plural eliz elleriz
2nd plural elsiniz ellersiniz
3rd plural eller ellerdir

Venetian

Alternative forms

  • al (Belluno)

Etymology

From Latin illum < ille.

Article

el m sg (plural i)

  1. the

Pronoun

el

  1. he, she, it used as an obligatory clitic pronoun following a verb.
    El can el magna i òsi.
    The dog (it) eats the bones.

Volapük

Article

el

  1. the (used for all proper nouns and also foreign loanwords not yet assimilated into Volapük)
    El Karl binom ziom ela Katlin.
    Karl is Katlin's uncle.

Usage notes

  • The article el is used to modify any kind of noun (proper or foreign) which is itself indeclinable in Volapük. Then, whenever that noun needs to be declined, the article el which modifies it is declined in its stead.

Declension

Derived terms

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse eldr.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): éːl, íːl
    Rhymes: -éːl, -ɪ́ːl

Noun

el m (definite singular eln)

  1. fire
Alternative forms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Norse ertla

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): èːl, èlː
    Rhymes: -èːl, -èlː

Noun

el f (definite singular ela)

  1. a bird of the family Motacillidae
Compounds
  • sesel
  • trȯhnuel

References

  • Larsson, Evert, Söderström, Sven, “eld s. e:l” and “ärla s. ê:l”, in Hössjömålet : ordbok över en sydvästerbottnisk dialekt [The Hössjö speech: dictionary of a southern Westrobothnian dialect] (in Swedish) →ISBN, page 95 and 221
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