分

See also: 份
分 U+5206, 分
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5206
← 刅
[U+5205] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 切 →
[U+5207]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

分 (radical 18, 刀+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 金尸竹 (CSH), four-corner 80227, composition ⿱八刀)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 136, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1853
  • Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 321, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5206

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 分

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 分
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (分) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
扮 *prɯːns, *hmroːlʔ, *pɯn, *pɯnʔ
盼 *pʰrɯːns
頒 *praːn, *bɯn
朌 *praːn, *bɯn
鳻 *praːn, *bɯn
份 *prɯn, *bɯns
汃 *pʰreːd, *prɯn
玢 *prɯn
邠 *prɯn
攽 *prɯn
砏 *prɯn, *pʰrɯn, *pʰɯn
貧 *brɯn
湓 *pʰɯːns, *bɯːn, *pʰɯns
盆 *bɯːn
葐 *bɯːn, *bɯn, *bɯn
坌 *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns
坋 *bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns
分 *pɯn, *bɯns
吩 *pɯn
粉 *pɯnʔ
黺 *pɯnʔ
芬 *pʰɯn
紛 *pʰɯn
衯 *pʰɯn
棻 *pʰɯn, *bɯn
氛 *pʰɯn, *bɯn
雰 *pʰɯn
忿 *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯnʔ
魵 *pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯn, *bɯnʔ
汾 *bɯn
羒 *bɯn
枌 *bɯn
棼 *bɯn
妢 *bɯn
梤 *bɯn
馚 *bɯn
鼢 *bɯn, *bɯnʔ
蚡 *bɯn, *bɯnʔ
弅 *bɯnʔ
秎 *bɯns

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 八 (“to separate”) + 刀 (“knife”) – to separate with a knife.

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • pûn - vernacular (“to divide; to separate; to distribute; to give; by”);
  • fûn - literary.
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: buŏng / hŭng
      • IPA (key): /puoŋ⁵⁵/, /huŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
  • buŏng - vernacular;
  • hŭng - literary.
Note:
  • pun - vernacular;
  • hun - literary.
Note:
  • bung1 - vernacular;
  • hung1 - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 分
Mandarin Beijing /fən⁵⁵/
Harbin /fən⁴⁴/
Tianjin /fən²¹/
Jinan /fẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /fə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /fən²⁴/
Xi'an /fẽ²¹/
Xining /fə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /fəŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /fə̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /fɤŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /fən⁵⁵/
Chengdu /fən⁵⁵/
Guiyang /fen⁵⁵/
Kunming /fə̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /fən³¹/
Hefei /fən²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /fəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /xuŋ¹³/
Hohhot /fə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /fəŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /fən⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /fen³³/
Wenzhou /faŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /fʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /fɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /fən³³/
Xiangtan /ɸən³³/
Gan Nanchang /fɨn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /fun⁴⁴/ ～配
/pun⁴⁴/ 給
Taoyuan /pun²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐn⁵³/
Nanning /fɐn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /fɐn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hun⁵⁵/
/pun⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /puoŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xɔŋ⁵⁴/
/puiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /luŋ³³/
/puŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔbun²³/
/hun²³/
Rime
Character 分
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 府文切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨun/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piun/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pun/
Li
Rong		 /piuən/
Wang
Li		 /pĭuən/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯uən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fēn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 分
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fēn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjun ›
Old
Chinese		 /*pə[n]/
English divide

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 分
Reading # 1/2
No. 3148
Phonetic
component		 分
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 分
Old
Chinese		 /*pɯn/

Definitions

分

  1. to divide; to separate
  2. to distribute; to allocate; to assign; to allot
  3. to distinguish; to differentiate; to tell apart
  4. Short for 分手 (fēnshǒu, “to break up”).
  5. (Hakka, Teochew) to give
  6. (Hakka, Teochew) by
  7. minute (unit of time)
    分鐘 / 分钟  ―  fēnzhōng  ―  minute
  8. minute (unit of angle, 1/60 of a degree)
  9. fraction; proportion
    • 分之 (fēnzhī, “used to indicate a fraction”)
  10. (sports, games) point; mark
    • 本題佔五十分。 / 本题占五十分。  ―  Běntí zhàn wǔshí fēn.  ―  This question counts for 50 points.
    • 我得了多少分？  ―  Wǒ dé le duōshǎo fēn?  ―  What's my score?
  11. one tenth
  12. (numismatics) 0.01 yuan (or dollar, etc.); cent
  13. one tenth of a 寸 (a unit of length)
    1. (Hong Kong) fan, legally defined as 0.00371475 metres
    2. (Mainland China) Short for 市分, equivalent to 0.33 cm
  14. one tenth of a 畝 (a unit of area)
  15. (historical) an ancient small unit of time
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 給 (“to give”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 予
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 給
Mandarin Beijing 給
Taiwan 給
Tianjin 給
Jinan 給
Xi'an 給
Wuhan 把、把得、給
Chengdu 給
Yangzhou 把、給
Hefei 給
Cantonese Guangzhou 畀
Hong Kong 畀
Taishan 畀
Yangjiang 畀
Gan Nanchang 把
Hakka Meixian 分
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 分
Liudui (S. Sixian) 分
Hsinchu (Hailu) 分
Dongshi (Dabu) 分
Zhuolan (Raoping) 分
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 得
Jin Taiyuan 給
Min Bei Jian'ou 吶
Min Dong Fuzhou 乞
Min Nan Xiamen 予
Quanzhou 予
Zhangzhou 予
Taipei 予
Kaohsiung 予
Tainan 予
Taichung 予
Hsinchu 予
Lukang 予
Sanxia 予
Yilan 予
Kinmen 予
Magong 予
Chaozhou 分、乞
Wu Shanghai 撥
Suzhou 撥
Wenzhou 匄
Xiang Changsha 把
Dialectal synonyms of 被 (“by; passive marker”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 被
Mandarin Beijing 讓、叫、給
Taiwan 讓、叫、給
Jinan 叫、讓
Xi'an 叫
Wuhan 把得
Chengdu 遭、叫
Yangzhou 給、把
Hefei 給、叫
Cantonese Guangzhou 畀
Hong Kong 畀
Taishan 畀
Yangjiang 畀
Gan Nanchang 讓、等
Hakka Meixian 分
Xingning 分
Huidong 分
Qujiang 分
Xiaosanjiang 分
Changting 得
Pingyu 得
Wuping 得
Liancheng 給
Ninghua 分
Ruijin 得
Shicheng 得
Shangyou 討
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 分
Liudui (S. Sixian) 分
Hsinchu (Hailu) 分
Dongshi (Dabu) 分
Zhuolan (Raoping) 分
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 得
Jin Taiyuan 叫、給
Min Bei Jian'ou 吶
Min Dong Fuzhou 乞
Min Nan Xiamen 予、乞
Quanzhou 予、乞
Zhangzhou 予、乞
Taipei 予
Kaohsiung 予
Tainan 予
Taichung 予
Hsinchu 予
Lukang 予
Sanxia 予
Yilan 予
Kinmen 予
Magong 予
Chaozhou 分、乞
Wu Suzhou 撥、撥勒
Wenzhou 匄
Xiang Changsha 聽、撈、讓、被
Shuangfeng 耗
See also
  • (unit of length): 丈 (zhàng), 尺 (chǐ), 寸 (cùn)
SI prefix
Last Next
n/a 分 釐／厘

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Lao: ປັນ (pan, “divide, distribute”)
  • → Thai: ปัน (bpan, “divide, distribute”)

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 分
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 扶問切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bɨunH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /biunH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /biuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /bunH/
Li
Rong		 /biuənH/
Wang
Li		 /bĭuənH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱi̯uənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fèn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 分
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fèn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bjunH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[m]-pə[n]-s/
English alloted duty

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 分
Reading # 2/2
No. 3191
Phonetic
component		 分
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 分
Old
Chinese		 /*bɯns/

Definitions

分

  1. part; share; portion
  2. ingredient; component
  3. duty; responsibility
  4. status; standing
  5. lot; fate; destiny
  6. mutual affection
  7. Alternative form of 份 (fèn, “classifier”).
Usage notes

Many of the senses are now written with the specialised character 份 (fèn).

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

分

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
分
ふん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

/pun/ → /fun/

From Middle Chinese 分 (MC pɨun, “a minute”).

Pronunciation

Counter

分 (hiragana ふん, rōmaji -fun)

  1. minutes (duration)

Noun

分 (hiragana ふん, rōmaji fun)

  1. a minute (unit of time)
  2. a minute (unit of angle)
Usage notes

When preceded by a number, the reading changes depending on the phonetic context.

Minutes in Japanese
一 (いっ)分 (ぷん) (ippun) 二 (に)分 (ふん) (nifun) 三 (さん)分 (ぷん) (sanpun) 四 (よん)分 (ぷん) (yonpun) 五 (ご)分 (ふん) (gofun) 六 (ろっ)分 (ぷん) (roppun) 七分 (ななふん) (nanafun)
七分 (しちふん) (shichifun)		 八分 (はちふん) (hachifun)
八 (はっ)分 (ぷん) (happun)		 九 (きゅう)分 (ふん) (kyūfun) 十 (じっ)分 (ぷん) (jippun)
十 (じゅっ)分 (ぷん) (juppun)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
分
ぶん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 分 (MC bɨunH, “a minute”).

Pronunciation

Noun

分 (hiragana ぶん, rōmaji bun)

  1. a part, a share, a portion
    このケーキは君 (きみ)の分 (ぶん)だよ。
    Kono kēki wa kimi no bun da yo.
    This piece of cake is your portion.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
分
ぶ
Grade: 2
on’yomi

/bun/ → /bu/

Shift from bun above, with influence on the meaning from the Middle Chinese sense tied to original Middle Chinese reading /pɨun/.

Pronunciation

Noun

分 (hiragana ぶ, rōmaji bu)

  1. an obsolete unit of currency equal to four 両 (りょう) (ryō)

References

  1. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

分 (eumhun 나눌 분 (nanul bun))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

分 (phân, phận, phần)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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