予

See also: 豫, 矛, and 𠄔
予 U+4E88, 予
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E88
← 亇
[U+4E87] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 争 →
[U+4E89]

Translingual

Han character

予 (radical 6 亅+3, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓戈弓弓 (NINN), four-corner 17202, composition ⿱龴𠄐)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 85, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 231
  • Dae Jaweon: page 174, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 52, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4E88

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 予
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Oracle bone script

j10319

Small seal script

s02873

Transcribed ancient scripts

L34283

L34284

L14210

L14211

L14212

L14213

L14214

L14215

L14216

L14217

L14218

L14219

L14220

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (予) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
野 *laːʔ, *ɦljaʔ
壄 *laːʔ
序 *ljaʔ
抒 *ljaʔ, *hlja, *ɦljaʔ
芧 *l'aʔ
杼 *l'aʔ, *ɦljaʔ
墅 *ɦljaːʔ
舒 *hlja
紓 *hlja, *ɦljaʔ
妤 *la
伃 *la
予 *la, *laʔ
預 *las
忬 *las
豫 *las
蕷 *las
澦 *las

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-la.

Pronunciation 1

simp. and trad.
 予
Note: literary reading.
Rime
Character 予
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 余吕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /iɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jɨə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /iɔX/
Wang
Li		 /jĭoX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yǔ
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 予
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ yoX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*laʔ/
English give; together with

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 予
Reading # 2/2
No. 15739
Phonetic
component		 予
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese		 /*laʔ/
Definitions

予

  1. (= 與) to give
  2. to praise; to esteem
Compounds

Pronunciation 2

simp. and trad.
 予
alt. forms 互
乎
與／与
度 Quanzhou
Note: vernacular reading.
Definitions

予

(Hokkien)
  1. to give
    伊予我五箍。 [Min Nan]  ―  I hō͘ góa gō͘ kho͘. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  He gave me five dollars.
  2. to allow
    予伊去！ [Min Nan]  ―  Hō͘ i khì! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  Let it go!
  3. by (used in constructing the passive)
    伊予人拍。 [Min Nan]  ―  I hō͘ lâng phah. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  He was beaten up (by someone).
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 給 (“to give”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 予
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 給
Mandarin Beijing 給
Taiwan 給
Tianjin 給
Jinan 給
Xi'an 給
Wuhan 把、把得、給
Chengdu 給
Yangzhou 把、給
Hefei 給
Cantonese Guangzhou 畀
Hong Kong 畀
Taishan 畀
Yangjiang 畀
Gan Nanchang 把
Hakka Meixian 分
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 分
Liudui (S. Sixian) 分
Hsinchu (Hailu) 分
Dongshi (Dabu) 分
Zhuolan (Raoping) 分
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 得
Jin Taiyuan 給
Min Bei Jian'ou 吶
Min Dong Fuzhou 乞
Min Nan Xiamen 予
Quanzhou 予
Zhangzhou 予
Taipei 予
Kaohsiung 予
Tainan 予
Taichung 予
Hsinchu 予
Lukang 予
Sanxia 予
Yilan 予
Kinmen 予
Magong 予
Chaozhou 分、乞
Wu Shanghai 撥
Suzhou 撥
Wenzhou 匄
Xiang Changsha 把

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
 予

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 予
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 以諸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /iɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jɨə̆/
Li
Rong		 /iɔ/
Wang
Li		 /jĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yú
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 予
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ yo ›
Old
Chinese		 /*laʔ/
English I, we

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 予
Reading # 1/2
No. 15738
Phonetic
component		 予
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 余
Old
Chinese		 /*la/
Definitions

予

  1. † Alternative form of 余 (yú, “I, me”).
  2. A surname​.
Compounds
  • 予小子
  • 人莫予毒
  • 莫予毒也

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 予 – see 豫 (“relaxed; comfortable; at ease; etc.”).
(This character, 予, is the second-round simplified and variant form of 豫.)
Notes:

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 予 – see 預 (“beforehand; to take part in; etc.”).
(This character, 予, is the second-round simplified form of 預.)
Notes:

Japanese

Shinjitai

 予

Kyūjitai

 豫

Kanji

予

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 豫)

  1. beforehand, in advance

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Pronoun

予 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 豫, hiragana よ, rōmaji yo)

  1. first-person personal pronoun; I, me

References

Korean

Hanja

予 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

予 (nhừ, dư)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.