丈

See also: 𠀋 and 大
丈 U+4E08, 丈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E08
← 万
[U+4E07] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 三 →
[U+4E09]

Translingual

Han character

丈 (radical 1, 一+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 十大 (JK), four-corner 50000)

References

  • KangXi: page 76, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11
  • Dae Jaweon: page 137, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 9, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4E08

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 丈

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 丈
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script

s01638

Transcribed ancient scripts

L35087

L17509

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (丈) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
丈 *daŋʔ
杖 *daŋʔ
仗 *daŋʔ, *daŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 十 (“ten”) + 又 (“hand”) – ten chi (尺) is one zhang (丈).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • dâung - unit of measure;
  • diông/tiông - kinship term.
Note:
  • tiūⁿ/tiōⁿ/tiǔⁿ, tn̄g/tňg - vernacular;
  • tiōng/tiāng/tiǒng - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: deng6 / ziang6 / diên6 / dion6
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tṳ̆ng / tsiăng / tiĕⁿ / tiŏⁿ
      • IPA (key): /tɯŋ³⁵/, /t͡siaŋ³⁵/, /tĩẽ³⁵/, /tĩõ³⁵/
Note:
  • deng6 - unit of measurement;
  • ziang6 - “to measure”;
  • diên6/dion6 - “gentleman”.
Rime
Character 丈
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 直兩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɖɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɖiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȡiɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɖɨaŋX/
Li
Rong		 /ȡiaŋX/
Wang
Li		 /ȡĭaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȡʱi̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhàng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 丈
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhàng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ drjangX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[d]raŋʔ/
English ten feet

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 丈
Reading # 1/1
No. 16836
Phonetic
component		 丈
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 丈
Old
Chinese		 /*daŋʔ/

Definitions

丈

  1. A unit of measurement.
    1. The zhang, a traditional Chinese unit of length equal to 10 chi (尺)
    2. The mainland zhang, a unit of length standardized in 1984 as 3 1/3 meters.
    3. The Taiwanese zhang, a unit of length standardized as 3 1/33 meters, identical to the Japanese jō.
    4. The Hong Kong jeuhng, standardized as 3.71475 meters.
  2. to survey (land); to measure
  3. gentleman; man; husband
    丈夫  ―  zhàngfū  ―  husband

Synonyms

  • (mainland zhang): 市丈 (shìzhàng)

See also

Compounds

  • 一丈青
  • 一落千丈 (yīluòqiānzhàng)
  • 一跳八丈
  • 丈丈
  • 丈二金剛／丈二金刚
  • 丈人 (zhàngren)
  • 丈人峰
  • 丈人行
  • 丈八燈臺／丈八灯台
  • 丈八蛇矛 (Zhàng bā shémáo)
  • 丈六金身
  • 丈夫 (zhàngfu)
  • 丈夫女
  • 丈夫子
  • 丈室
  • 丈母 (zhàngmǔ)
  • 丈母娘 (zhàngmuniáng)
  • 丈量 (zhàngliáng)
  • 不丈夫
  • 偉丈夫／伟丈夫
  • 光焰萬丈／光焰万丈
  • 光芒萬丈／光芒万丈
  • 公丈
  • 函丈
  • 國丈／国丈
  • 大丈夫 (dàzhàngfū)
  • 大八丈
  • 女丈夫
  • 女中丈夫
  • 妹丈 (mèizhàng)
  • 姊丈 (zǐzhàng)
  • 姑丈 (gūzhàng)
  • 姑丈人
  • 姨丈 (yízhàng)
  • 家丈人
  • 小丈夫
  • 尺水丈波
  • 岳丈 (yuèzhàng)
  • 師丈／师丈
  • 席間函丈／席间函丈
  • 方丈 (fāngzhàng)
  • 方丈之饌／方丈之馔
  • 方丈盈前
  • 日高三丈
  • 清丈
  • 火冒三丈 (huǒmàosānzhàng)
  • 烈丈夫
  • 百丈 (bǎizhàng)
  • 百丈山
  • 百丈清規／百丈清规
  • 百丈竿頭／百丈竿头
  • 眇小丈夫
  • 紅塵萬丈／红尘万丈
  • 老丈
  • 老丈人
  • 萬丈／万丈 (wànzhàng)
  • 萬丈深淵／万丈深渊
  • 萬丈竿頭／万丈竿头
  • 蓑衣丈人
  • 豪情萬丈／豪情万丈
  • 賤丈夫／贱丈夫
  • 雄心萬丈／雄心万丈
  • 食前方丈
  • 食味方丈
  • 黎丘丈人

Japanese

Kanji

丈

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

From Chinese 丈 (zhang)

Noun

丈 (hiragana じょう, rōmaji jō, historical hiragana ぢやう)

  1. jō, a traditional Japanese unit of length based on 10 shaku, standardized as equal to 3 1/33 meters.

Etymology 2

/take2/: [takye] → [take]. Cognate with 高 (taka, “height”), 高い (takai, “high”), and 長ける (takeru, “to be high”).

Alternative forms

Noun

丈 (hiragana たけ, rōmaji take)

  1. height
    • 970-999, Utsubo Monogatari (Toshikage)
      [...] いひ教ふる事もなくておほしたつるに、年にもあはず、丈たかく心かしこし。

Particle

丈 (hiragana だけ, rōmaji dake)

  1. only, limit
    ローマ字 (じ)だけの辞 (じ)書 (しょ)。
    Rōmaji dake no jisho.
    A rōmaji-only dictionary.
    寝 (ね)たいだけ寝 (ね)ていい。
    Netai dake nete ii.
    You can sleep as much as you want.
Usage notes
  • The Kanji spelling 丈 is rarely used.

Proper noun

丈 (hiragana じょう, rōmaji Jō, historical hiragana ぢやう)

  1. A male given name
Compounds
  • はちじょう (hachijō)

References

Korean

Hanja

丈 • (jang)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 장 (revised: jang, McCune–Reischauer: chang, Yale: cang)
    • Name (hangeul): 어른 (revised: eoleun, McCune–Reischauer: ǒrǔn)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Vietnamese

Han character

丈 (trượng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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