-le

See also: Appendix:Variations of "le"

English

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /əl/, /l̩/

Etymology 1

From Middle English -elen, -len, -lien, from Old English -lian (frequentative verbal suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-lōną (frequentative verbal suffix). Cognate with West Frisian -elje, Dutch -elen, German -eln, Danish -le, Swedish -la, Icelandic -la. Compare -er.

Suffix

-le

  1. A frequentative suffix of verbs, indicating repetition or continuousness:
    assle, buzzle, crackle, cuddle, dazzle, draggle, drawl, dribble, drizzle, fumble, gamble, grapple, handle, jostle, kissle, maddle, mingle, nestle, nuzzle, prattle, ramble, rattle, ripple, scribble, sile, sizzle, smartle, sniffle, snuggle, startle, stopple, suckle, tattle, tickle, topple, waggle, whemmle, wiggle, wrestle
Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English -el, -le, from Old English -el, -ol (adjective suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ulaz (adjective suffix). Cognate with West Frisian -el, Dutch -el, Low German -el, German -el.

Suffix

-le

  1. A suffix forming adjectives from verbs with the meaning of "prone to", "tending to", "apt to", "capable of"; compare -ative:
    battle, breakle, brittle, fickle, forgettle, little, newfangle, nimble, wankle

Etymology 3

From Middle English -el, from Old English -el, -ol, -ul (agent suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz (agent suffix). Cognate with West Frisian -el, Dutch -el, Low German -el, German -el.

Suffix

-le

  1. A suffix forming agent nouns from verbs:
    beadle, beetle, bridle, bundle, cripple, fettle, girdle, ladle, losel, runnel, shovel, spindle, spittle, steeple, stile, stopple, thimble, tool, towel, trundle

Etymology 4

From Middle English -el, from Old English -el, -il (diminutive suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz (diminutive suffix).

Alternative forms

Suffix

-le

  1. A suffix forming diminutives from other nouns; compare -ling:
    bramble, dimple, dingle, hatchel, hosel, hovel, gomeral, kernel, newel, nozzle, puckle, treddle
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:English_words_suffixed_with_-le'>English words suffixed with -le</a>

Anagrams

Basque

Suffix

-le

  1. forms agent noun from verbs

Usage notes

  • It is used with verbs ending in -i preceded by a sibilant or -r(r)-. If the sibilant is an affricate, it is reduced to a fricative.
    ikasi 'study' - ikasle 'student'
    idatzi 'write' - idazle 'writer'
    irakurri 'read' - irakurle 'reader'
  • For other verbs the alternative form -tzaile is used.

Cimbrian

Suffix

-le

  1. forms diminutives

German

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [lə]

Suffix

-le

  1. (chiefly dialectal) suffix used to create a diminutive form, mostly in Alemannic and Upper Franconian dialects; e.g., Haus → Häusle

Derived terms

  • Brünnele
  • Kätzle
  • Krämle
  • Mädle
  • Säckle
  • Späßle
  • Spätzle (plural)

See also

Latin

Suffix

-le

  1. vocative masculine singular of -lus

Middle English

Suffix

-le

  1. Alternative form of -liche

References

Romanian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /le/

Etymology 1

From Latin -ae (“first-declension ending”), with intrusive l.

Suffix

-le

  1. (plural) -s (feminine/neuter)
Usage notes
  • This form of the plural is indefinite, and used for feminine nouns in the nominative/accusative and genitive/dative cases which end in a stressed vowel, or is monosyllabic:
  • zile, from zi, fem.
  • basmale, from basma, fem.
  • cafele, from cafe, fem.
Alternative forms

Etymology 2

From Latin ille.

Suffix

-le

  1. variant of -l
the (definite article)
Usage notes

This form of the definite article is used for both masculine and neuter singular nouns in the nominative and accusative cases which end in -e:

Etymology 3

From Latin illae, nominative feminine plural of ille.

Suffix

-le

  1. (definite article) the (feminine/neuter plural, nominative and accusative)
Usage notes

This form of the definite article is used for both feminine and neuter plural nouns in the nominative and accusative cases

Note that this suffix is also added to indefinite feminine plurals in -le:

  • zilele, from zile, fem.
  • basmalele, from basmale, fem.
  • cafelele, from cafele, fem.

The suffix is also used with feminine plural adjectives in the nominative and accusative cases to make the articulated definite form, often for emphasis, and it is used before the noun it modifies:

  • caldele plăcinte, from plăcintele calde (both meaning, "the warm pies")
  • -l (masculine/neuter singular nominative and accusative)
  • -a (feminine singular nominative and accusative)
  • -i (masculine/neuter plural nominative and accusative)
  • -lui (masculine/neuter singular genitive and dative)
  • -ei (feminine singular genitive and dative)
  • -lor (plural genitive and dative)

Scots

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ʌl], [əl], [l]

Etymology 1

From Middle English -el, -le, from Old English -el, -ol (adjective suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ulaz (adjective suffix).

Suffix

-le

  1. used for forming adjectives signifying 'having a tendency to' or 'able to'; e.g. forgettle, smittle, fodgle

Etymology 2

Suffix

-le

  1. a contracted form of full; e.g. cairtle (“cartful, cart-load”), cogle (“bowlful”)

Etymology 3

From Middle English -elen, -len, -lien, from Old English -lian (frequentative verbal suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-lōną (frequentative verbal suffix).

Suffix

-le

  1. frequentative or diminutive suffix, added to verbs
  2. forms adverbs implying direction towards

Swabian

Etymology

Compare Yiddish ־ל‎ (-l).

Suffix

-le n

  1. Used to form diminutives.

Turkish

Suffix

-le

  1. with, shortened form of ile
    annemle okula gidiyorum
    I am going to school with my mother
  2. by, shortened form of ile
    okula otobüsle gidiyorum
    I am going to school by bus

Usage notes

  • If the word's last vowel is "a", "ı", "o" or "u", it becomes "-la".
    babamla ve uçakla - with my father and by plane
    kızımla ve kayıkla - with my daughter and by boat
    oğlumla ve vapurla - with my son and by steamship
    horozla ve motorla - with the rooster and by motorcycle
  • If the word ends in a vowel, it becomes "-yle". (If it's a back vowel, "-yla")
    gemiyle - by ship
    sevgiyle - with love
    arabayla - by car
    korkuyla - with fear
  • If it's added to a proper noun, it must be used with an apostrophe.
    Zafer'le - with Zafer.
    Emre'yle - with Emre.
  • Unlike most Turkish suffixes, this suffix is always unstressed; the stress in the combined word remains where it was in the word before suffixing.
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