都

都 U+90FD, 都
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90FD
← 郼
[U+90FC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 郾 →
[U+90FE]
都 U+FA26, 都
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA26
← 逸
[U+FA25] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 﨧 →
[U+FA27]

Translingual

Stroke order

Alternative forms

Note that there are two Unicode z-variants, with code points U+90FD and U+FA26 (the latter is a compatibility variant and contains an extra dot below 耂 in 者).

Han character

都 (radical 163, 邑+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十日弓中 (JANL), four-corner 47627, composition ⿰者⻏)

References

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 都
alt. forms 𨜞

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (者) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
觰 *rtaːʔ, *rtaː
諸 *tjaː, *tja
者 *tjaːʔ
堵 *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ
赭 *tjaːʔ
撦 *l̥ʰjaːʔ
扯 *tʰjaːʔ
闍 *djaː, *taː
奢 *hljaː
鍺 *toːlʔ
都 *taː
醏 *taː
覩 *taːʔ
睹 *taːʔ
暏 *taːʔ
賭 *taːʔ
帾 *taːʔ
楮 *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ
屠 *daː, *da
瘏 *daː
廜 *daː
鷵 *daː
緒 *ljaʔ
豬 *ta
猪 *ta
瀦 *ta
藸 *ta, *da
櫫 *ta
褚 *taʔ, *tʰaʔ
著 *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ
箸 *tas, *das
儲 *da
躇 *da
櫧 *tja
藷 *tja, *djas
蠩 *tja
煮 *tjaʔ
渚 *tjaʔ
煑 *tjaʔ
陼 *tjaʔ
翥 *tjas
署 *djas
薯 *djas
曙 *djas
書 *hlja
暑 *hjaʔ
鐯 *taɡ
擆 *taɡ
櫡 *taɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *taː) : phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ) + semantic ⻏ (“town, city”).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 都
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 當孤切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tuo/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tuo/
Shao
Rongfen		 /to/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tɔ/
Li
Rong		 /to/
Wang
Li		 /tu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dū
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 都
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tu ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˤa/
English capital city

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 都
Reading # 1/1
No. 16968
Phonetic
component		 者
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 都
Old
Chinese		 /*taː/
Definitions

都

  1. metropolis; large city
  2. capital; capital city
  3. † to make a place the capital city; to establish a capital
  4. † graceful; elegant
  5. A surname​. Du
Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 都
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 當孤切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tuo/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tuo/
Shao
Rongfen		 /to/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tɔ/
Li
Rong		 /to/
Wang
Li		 /tu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dū
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 都
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tu ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˤa/
English capital city

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 都
Reading # 1/1
No. 16968
Phonetic
component		 者
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 都
Old
Chinese		 /*taː/
Definitions

都

  1. all; both (used to indicate that the statement is true for every subject or object)
    我都知道了。  ―  Wǒ dōu zhīdào le.  ―  I know everything. [ambiguous; may also mean “Even I know”.]
    他比任何人都好。  ―  Tā bǐ rènhé rén dōu hǎo.  ―  He is better than anyone else.
    這裡的人我都認識。 [MSC, trad.]
    这里的人我都认识。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhèlǐ de rén wǒ dōu rènshí. [Pinyin]
    I know everyone here.
    現在在超市什麼都買得到。 [MSC, trad.]
    现在在超市什么都买得到。 [MSC, simp.]
    Xiànzài zài chāoshì shénme dōu mǎi de dào. [Pinyin]
    These days everything can be bought from a supermarket.
    他什麼電影都不看。 [MSC, trad.]
    他什么电影都不看。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā shénme diànyǐng dōu bù kàn. [Pinyin]
    He doesn't watch any movies.
    我真羨慕他，在哪裡都能睡得著。 [MSC, trad.]
    我真羡慕他，在哪里都能睡得着。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ zhēn xiànmù tā, zài nǎlǐ dōu néng shuìdezháo. [Pinyin]
    I really envy him; he can sleep wherever he is.
  2. (emphasis on subject) even
    我都不知道，你是怎麼知道的。 [MSC, trad.]
    我都不知道，你是怎么知道的。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ dōu bù zhīdào, nǐ shì zěnme zhīdào de. [Pinyin]
    How come you know it when even I don't know?
  3. (emphasis on object) even, interchangeable with 也 (yě)
    我身上一分錢都沒有。 [MSC, trad.]
    我身上一分钱都没有。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ shēnshàng yī fēn qián dōu méiyǒu. [Pinyin]
    I don't even have a single cent.
    我給她打了四個電話，她一個都沒接。 [MSC, trad.]
    我给她打了四个电话，她一个都没接。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ gěi tā dǎ le sì ge diànhuà, tā yīge dōu méi jiē. [Pinyin]
    I called her four times, but she answered none of them.
    1. (emphasis) Used in the 連……都…… structure; interchangeable with 也 (yě); even
      他連畜生都不如，連自己的父母都不養活。 [MSC, trad.]
      他连畜生都不如，连自己的父母都不养活。 [MSC, simp.]
      Tā lián xùshēng dōu bùrú, lián zìjǐ de fùmǔ dōu bù yǎnghuó. [Pinyin]
      He is no better than an animal, because he doesn't even support his own parents.
  4. already
    都四點了。 / 都四点了。  ―  Dōu sì diǎn le.  ―  It is already 4 o'clock.
    都這麼晚了嗎？ / 都这么晚了吗？  ―  Dōu zhème wǎn le ma?  ―  Is it that late already?
  5. (Cantonese) as well; also; too
    我都好好。 [Guangzhou Cantonese]  ―  Ngo5 dou1 hou2 hou2. [Jyutping]  ―  I'm fine too.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 也 (“also, too”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 亦
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 也
Mandarin Beijing 也
Taiwan 也
Jinan 也
Xi'an 也
Wuhan 也
Chengdu 也
Yangzhou 也
Hefei 也
Cantonese Guangzhou 都、亦
Hong Kong 都、亦
Taishan 亦
Yangjiang 也
Gan Nanchang 也
Hakka Meixian 也
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 乜
Liudui (S. Sixian) 乜、也
Hsinchu (Hailu) 乜
Dongshi (Dabu) 乜
Zhuolan (Raoping) 乜
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 嘛
Jin Taiyuan 也
Min Bei Jian'ou 也
Min Dong Fuzhou 也
Min Nan Xiamen 也、嘛
Quanzhou 也、嘛
Zhangzhou 也、嘛
Taipei 也、嘛
Chaozhou 也
Wu Suzhou 也
Wenzhou 也
Xiang Changsha 也
Shuangfeng 也
Usage notes
  • When negating 都, the placement of 不 (bù) is important.
不都: not all, not everyone.
都不: none, no one
Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 都 – see 嘟 (“to pout; etc.”).
(This character, 都, is the second-round simplified form of 嘟.)
Notes:

Japanese

Shinjitai

 都

Kyūjitai

Kanji

都

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Noun

都 (hiragana と, rōmaji to)

  1. capital (city)
  2. city
  3. the prefecture of Tokyo

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

都 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)

Noun

  1. capital (city)
  2. all, the whole
  3. elegent, refined
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

都 (đô, đo, đu, đua, đủ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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