See also:
U+7BB8, 箸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BB8

[U+7BB7]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7BB9]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 118, +9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹十大日 (HJKA), four-corner 88604, composition)

Derived characters

  • 𢷷, , 𥗁, 𦇃, 𨮿, 𣃑
  • (Synonym in modern Chinese)

References

  • KangXi: page 891, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26224
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1318, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 2979, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7BB8

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*rtaːʔ, *rtaː
*tjaː, *tja
*tjaːʔ
*tjaːʔ, *taːʔ
*tjaːʔ
*l̥ʰjaːʔ
*tʰjaːʔ
*djaː, *taː
*hljaː
*toːlʔ
*taː
*taː
*taːʔ
*taːʔ
*taːʔ
*taːʔ
*taːʔ
*taːʔ, *tʰaʔ
*daː, *da
*daː
*daː
*daː
*ljaʔ
*ta
*ta
*ta
*ta, *da
*ta
*taʔ, *tʰaʔ
*taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ
*tas, *das
*da
*da
*tja
*tja, *djas
*tja
*tjaʔ
*tjaʔ
*tjaʔ
*tjaʔ
*tjas
*djas
*djas
*djas
*hlja
*hjaʔ
*taɡ
*taɡ
*taɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tas, *das) : semantic  (bamboo) + phonetic  (OC *tjaːʔ).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
alt. forms

The Classical Chinese word for "chopsticks". It has been replaced by 筷子 (kuàizi) in many dialects for taboo reasons, avoiding homophony with (zhù, “stopping”) in boatmen's language. Still used in almost all Min dialects and in sporadically in other topolects, especially in dialects that have some contact with Min.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (11)
Final () (22)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɖɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɖiɔH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȡiɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɖɨə̆H/
Li
Rong
/ȡiɔH/
Wang
Li
/ȡĭoH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȡʱi̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhù
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhù
Middle
Chinese
‹ drjoH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[d]<r>ak-s/
English chopsticks

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 16999
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*das/

Definitions

  1. (literary or regional) chopsticks (Classifier: ;  md mn)
  2. (Min) chopstick-shaped object
    [Min Dong]   bĭng-*dê̤ṳ / [piŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ tøy²⁴²] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]   ice lolly
  3. (literary or Southwestern Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for an amount of food held with a pair of chopsticks.
    [Cantonese, trad.]
    [Cantonese, simp.]
    Ngo5 gaap3 zyu6 min6 bei2 nei5 si3 haa5 aa1. [Jyutping]
    I'll get a "chopstick-ful" of noodles for you to try.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 筷子 (“chopsticks”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 筷子
Mandarin Beijing 筷子
Taiwan 筷子
Tianjin 筷子
Harbin 筷子
Shenyang 筷子
Hailar 筷子
Ulan Hot 筷子
Tongliao 筷子
Chifeng 筷子
Bayanhot 筷子
Jinan 筷子
Muping 筷子
Luoyang 筷子
Jiedian 筷子
Xi'an 筷子
Zhengzhou 筷子
Xining 筷子、箸兒
Xuzhou 筷子
Yinchuan 筷子
Lanzhou 筷子
Ürümqi 筷子
Wuhan 筷子
Chengdu 筷子、檺杆、箸子
Guiyang 筷子
Guilin 筷子
Liuzhou 筷子、筷條
Kunming 筷兒
Yangzhou 筷子
Nanjing 筷兒筷子
Hefei 筷子
Nantong 筷兒
Cantonese Guangzhou 筷子
Hong Kong 筷子
Shunde 筷子
Foshan 筷子
Zhongshan 筷子
Dongguan 筷子
Hong Kong (Weitou) 筷子
Taishan 筷子
Doumen 筷子
Kaiping
Shaoguan 筷子
Yunfu 筷子
Yangjiang 筷子
Xinyi 、筷箸
Lianjiang 、筷箸
Nanning 筷子、筷手
Wuzhou 筷子
Yulin 筷子
Hepu 筷箸
Danzhou
Kuala Lumpur 筷子
Gan Nanchang 筷子
Lichuan
Pingxiang 筷子
Hakka Meixian 筷仔、筷隻、箸隻
Luchuan 筷箸、
Changting 筷子
Wuping 筷子
Liancheng 箸隻
Ninghua 箸隻
Yudu 筷子
Shicheng 箸隻
Shangyou 筷子
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 筷仔
Liudui (S. Sixian) 筷仔
Hsinchu (Hailu) 筷仔
Dongshi (Dabu)
Zhuolan (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Hong Kong 筷子
Sabah 筷哩
Senai 筷嫲
Singkawang
Huizhou Shexian
Tunxi 筷兒
Jixi
Jin Taiyuan 筷子
Xinzhou 筷子
Baochang 筷子
Jining 筷子
Hohhot 筷子
Baotou 筷子
Dongsheng 筷子
Linhe 筷子
Haibowan 筷子
Min Bei Jian'ou
Dikou 飯箸
Songxi
Zhenghe
Zhenqian 概手
Jianyang
Wuyishan
Shibei
Min Dong Fuzhou
Changle
Fuqing
Pingtan
Yongtai
Gutian
Fu'an
Ningde
Shouning
Zhouning
Fuding 飯箸
Matsu
Min Nan Xiamen 箸奇箸雙奇箸
Quanzhou 箸奇
Zhangzhou 箸奇奇箸
Taipei
Kaohsiung
Tainan
Taichung
Hsinchu
Lukang
Sanxia
Yilan
Kinmen
Magong
Penang
Singapore
Philippines (Manila)
Pingnan 筷子
Chaozhou
Shantou
Haifeng
Johor Bahru
Wenchang 糜箸、
Haikou 糜箸、
Leizhou 糜箸、
Puxian Min Putian
Xianyou
Pinghua Nanning 筷子
Guilin 筷子
Wu Shanghai 筷子
Suzhou 筷兒
Hangzhou 筷兒
Wenzhou
Chongming
Danyang
Jinhua
Ningbo
Xiang Changsha 筷子
Shuangfeng 筷子
Loudi 筷子
Quanzhou 筷子

Compounds

  • 下箸
  • 借箸
  • 冰箸
  • 前箸
  • 劉備失箸刘备失箸
  • 動箸动箸
  • 匕箸
  • 回魚箸回鱼箸
  • 張良借箸张良借箸
  • 攑箸
  • 杯箸
  • 火箸
  • 無下箸處无下箸处
  • 牙箸
  • 犀箸
  • 玉箸
  • 碗箸
  • 箸仔
  • 箸子 (zhùzi)
  • 箸瓶
  • 箸筒
  • 箸筩
  • 箸簍箸篓
  • 箸籠箸笼 (zhùlóng)
  • 箸豆
  • 箸長碗短箸长碗短
  • 箸隻箸只
  • 箸雙箸双
  • 聞雷失箸闻雷失箸
  • 臨食廢箸临食废箸
  • 舉箸举箸
  • 藉箸代籌藉箸代筹
  • 象箸 (xiàngzhù)
  • 象箸玉杯 (xiàngzhùyùbēi)
  • 超超玄箸
  • 飯飽丟箸饭饱丢箸
  • 飯飽弄箸饭饱弄箸

Descendants

  • Bouyei: deh (chopsticks)
  • Burmese: တူ (tu, chopsticks) (via Min Nan)
  • Korean: (, jeo) > 젓가락 (jeotgarak, “chopsticks”)
  • Lao: ຖູ່ (thū) > ໄມ້ຖູ່ (mai thū, chopsticks)
  • Lü: ᦏᦴᧈ (tʰuu²) > ᦙᦺᧉᦏᦴᧈ (maj⁶tʰuu², chopsticks)
  • Vietnamese: đũa (chopsticks)
  • Zhuang: dawh (chopsticks)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to attach; to touch; to contact; etc.”).
(This character, , is a variant form of .)

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. chopstick

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
はし
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana はし, rōmaji hashi)

  1. a chopstick

See also

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(jeo) (hangeul , revised jeo, McCuneReischauer chŏ, Yale ce)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(giạ, trứ, chước, đũa, trợ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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