丙

丙	U+4E19, 丙 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E19

← 丘
[U+4E18]

CJK Unified Ideographs

业 →
[U+4E1A]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

丙 (radical 1 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一人月 (MOB), four-corner 1022₇, composition ⿱一内)

Derived characters

柄病

References

KangXi: page 78, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35
Dae Jaweon: page 156, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 16, character 3
Unihan data for U+4E19

Chinese

simp. and trad.		丙

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 丙

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Bronze inscriptions

Oracle bone script

Bronze inscriptions

Chu Slip and silk script

Qin slip script

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

**Oracle bone script**
j30094	j30095	j30096	j30097	j30098	j30099	j30100	j30101
j30102	j30103	j30104	j30105	j30106	j30107	j30108	j30109
j30110	j30111	j30112	j30113	j30114	j30115	j30116	j30117
j30118	j30119	j30120	j30121	j30122	j30123	j30124	j30125

**Bronze inscriptions**
b20266	b20267	b20268	b20269	b20270	b20271	b20272	b20273
b20274	b20275	b20276	b20277	b20278	b20279	b20280	b20281
b20282	b20283	b20284	b20285	b20286	b20287	b20288	b20289
b20290	b20291

**Small seal script**
s10945

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L35138	L35139	L35140	L17697	L17698	L17699	L17700	L17701
L17702	L17703	L17704	L17705	L17706	L17707	L17708	L17709

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (丙) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
更	kraːŋ, kraːŋs
粳	*kraːŋ
埂	kraːŋ, kraːŋʔ
浭	*kraːŋ
稉	*kraːŋ
梗	*kraːŋʔ
哽	*kraːŋʔ
綆	*kraːŋʔ
鯁	*kraːŋʔ
挭	*kraːŋʔ
骾	*kraːŋʔ
郠	*kraːŋʔ
硬	ŋɡraːŋs, ŋɡraːŋs
鞕	*ŋɡraːŋs
丙	*pqraŋʔ
炳	*praŋʔ
邴	praŋʔ, praŋs
怲	praŋʔ, praŋs
苪	*praŋʔ
蛃	*praŋʔ
昺	*praŋʔ
昞	*praŋʔ
窉	*praŋʔ
柄	praŋʔ, praŋs
鈵	*praŋs
寎	*praŋs
病	*braŋs

Various theories:

Pictogram (象形) – shoulders (Shuowen).
Pictogram (象形) – the tail of a fish (Erya).
Pictogram (象形) – pedestal.
Pictogram (象形) – small table.
Original form of 柄 (OC *praŋʔ, *praŋs).

Whatever its original sense may be, it has been lost and replaced by its early use as a heavenly stem.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bǐng (bing³)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bing²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): piáng
Min Nan (POJ): piáⁿ / péng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: bǐng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥˇ
  - Wade–Giles: ping³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biing
  - IPA ^(key): /piŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bing²
  - Yale: bíng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bing²
  - Guangdong Romanization: bing²
  - IPA ^(key): /pɪŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: piáng
  - Hakka Romanization System: biang`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: biang³
  - IPA: /pi̯aŋ³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piáⁿ / péng
  - Tâi-lô: piánn / píng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pviar, peang
  - IPA (Xiamen): /piã⁵³/, /piɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /piã⁵⁵⁴/, /piɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /piã⁵³/, /piɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /piã⁵³/, /piɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /piã⁴¹/, /piɪŋ⁴¹/

Note:

piáⁿ - vernacular;
péng - literary.

Middle Chinese: /pˠiæŋ^X/▼

Rime
Character	丙
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	兵永切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠiæŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚiaŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/piaŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/piajŋ^X/
Li Rong	/piɐŋ^X/
Wang Li	/pĭɐŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯ɐŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bǐng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*praŋʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*pqraŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	丙
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǐng
Middle Chinese	‹ pjæng^X ›
Old Chinese	/*praŋʔ/
English	3d heavenly stem
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	丙
Reading #	1/1
No.	883
Phonetic component	丙
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	丙
Old Chinese	/*pqraŋʔ/
Notes	甲文象二石相對並，與竝同源，後轉註爲兩。又史諱通景

Definitions

丙

the third of the ten heavenly stems
third
(Cantonese, slang) to beat
A surname.

Coordinate terms

(heavenly stems) 天干; 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

References

(Min Nan) “Entry #1304”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

丙

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

third in rank; third sign of the Chinese calendar

Readings

Goon: ひょう (hyō)^{←ひやう (fyau, historical)}
Kan’on: へい (hei, Jōyō)
Kun: ひのえ (hinoe, 丙)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
丙
へい Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 丙 (pjæng^X)

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) へー [héꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
- IPA^(key): [he̞ː]
Homophones: へい, ヘイ, 平, 兵, 瓶, 聘, 幣, 弊, 炳

Proper noun

丙 (hiragana へい, rōmaji Hei)

the third of the ten Heavenly Stems

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
丙
ひのえ Grade: S
kun’yomi

火 (Hi, “Fire”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 兄 (e, “elder brother”)

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ひのえ [hìnóé] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA^(key): [çino̞e̞]

Proper noun

丙 (hiragana ひのえ, rōmaji Hinoe)

the third of the ten Heavenly Stems

Korean

Hanja

丙 • (byeong)

Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 병 (revised: byeong, McCune–Reischauer: pyŏng)
- Name (hangeul): 남녘 (revised: namnyeok, McCune–Reischauer: namnyǒk')

third
3rd heavenly stem

References

Naver Hanja Dictionary: 丙

Vietnamese

Han character

丙 (bính, biếng)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.