永

See also: 氷 and 𝌺
永 U+6C38, 永
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C38
← 氷
[U+6C37] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 氹 →
[U+6C39]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

永 (radical 85 水+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 戈弓水 (INE), four-corner 30232)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 603, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17088
  • Dae Jaweon: page 996, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1546, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6C38

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 永

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (永) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
永 *ɢʷraŋʔ
栐 *ɢʷraŋʔ
泳 *ɢʷraŋs
詠 *ɢʷraŋs
咏 *ɢʷraŋs

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 永
Mandarin Beijing /yŋ²¹⁴/
Harbin /yŋ²¹³/
Tianjin /ʐuŋ¹³/
/yŋ¹³/
Jinan /yŋ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /iŋ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /yuŋ⁵³/
Xi'an /yŋ⁵³/
Xining /yə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /yŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ỹn⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /yŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /yn⁴²/
Chengdu /yn⁵³/
Guiyang /in⁴²/
Kunming /ioŋ⁵³/
Nanjing /ioŋ²¹²/
Hefei /yn²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /yəŋ⁵³/
Pingyao /yŋ⁵³/
/y⁵³/ ～城村
Hohhot /ỹŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ioŋ³⁵/
Suzhou /ioŋ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /ʔioŋ⁵³/
Wenzhou /j̠oŋ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /yʌ̃³⁵/
Tunxi /yan²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /yn⁴¹/
Xiangtan /yn⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /yn²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /iun³¹/
Taoyuan /ʒuŋ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /weŋ²³/
Nanning /weŋ²⁴/
Hong Kong /wiŋ¹³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /iŋ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /iŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /œyŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ioŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /zoŋ²¹³/
Rime
Character 永
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 庚 (112)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 于憬切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠwiæŋX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷᵚiaŋX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣiuaŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwiajŋX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣiuɐŋX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣĭwɐŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯wɐŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yǒng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 永
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yǒng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hjwængX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɢ]ʷraŋʔ/
English long (time)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 永
Reading # 1/1
No. 15423
Phonetic
component		 永
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 永
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢʷraŋʔ/

Definitions

永

  1. perpetual; eternal; permanent; forever
  2. long (space or time)
  3. 53rd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "eternity"
  4. A surname​.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

永

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. eternity
  2. long
  3. lengthy

Readings

Compounds

Synonyms

References

  • New Nelson: 3031
  • Halpern: 1937
  • Halpern Learners: 1230
  • Heisig: 132
  • Tuttle Kanji Dictionary: 3a1.1
  1. Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.

Korean

Hanja

永 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)

  1. long, deep, forever

References

Vietnamese

Han character

永 (vắng, vánh, vẳng, vểnh, viếng, vĩnh, vảnh, vênh)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.