兵

兵 U+5175, 兵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5175
← 兴
[U+5174] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 其 →
[U+5176]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

兵 (radical 12, 八+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人一金 (OMC), four-corner 72801, composition ⿱丘八)

References

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 兵

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 兵
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script

j05124

j05125

j05126

Bronze inscriptions

b03381

b03382

b03383

b03384

b03385

b03386

Small seal script

s01979

s01980

s01981

Transcribed ancient scripts

L33068

L33069

L33070

L33071

L33072

L33073

L10409

L10410

L10411

L10412

L10413

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (兵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
浜 *praːŋ, *praːŋʔ
捠 *praːŋ
兵 *praŋ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 斤 (“a short axe (斧)”) + 廾 (“2 hands”) – a pair of hands holding a weapon.

Derivatives: 乒 (pīng), 乓 (pāng).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • peng - literary;
  • piaⁿ - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 兵
Mandarin Beijing /piŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /piŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /piŋ²¹/
Jinan /piŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /piŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /piŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /piŋ²¹/
Xining /piə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /piŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /pĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /piŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /pin⁵⁵/
Chengdu /pin⁵⁵/
Guiyang /pin⁵⁵/
Kunming /pĩ/
Nanjing /pin³¹/
Hefei /pin²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /piəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /piŋ¹³/
Hohhot /pĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /piŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /pin⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /pin³³/
Wenzhou /peŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /piʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /pɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /pin³³/
Xiangtan /pin³³/
Gan Nanchang /pin⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /pin⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /pin²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /peŋ⁵³/
Nanning /peŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /piŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /piŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /piŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /peiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /piã³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔbeŋ²³/
/ʔbia²³/
Rime
Character 兵
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 甫明切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /piajŋ/
Li
Rong		 /piɐŋ/
Wang
Li		 /pĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 bīng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 兵
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 bīng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjæng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*praŋ/
English weapon

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 兵
Reading # 1/1
No. 865
Phonetic
component		 兵
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 兵
Old
Chinese		 /*praŋ/

Definitions

兵

  1. weapons
  2. army; troops
  3. soldier
    士兵  ―  shìbīng  ―  soldier
  4. warfare
  5. (Chinese chess) pawn; private; soldier (on the red side)

Coordinate terms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

兵

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Noun

兵 (hiragana へい, rōmaji hei)

  1. a soldier
  2. a war machine; a weapon
  3. a war
  4. a soldier, but not officer; private; corporal; lance corporal

兵 (hiragana つわもの, rōmaji tsuwamono)

  1. a war machine; a weapon
  2. military ration
  3. a brave and strong warrior
  4. a stubborn person

兵 (hiragana ひょう, rōmaji hyō)

  1. another name for 歩 (ふ, fu) in shogi

Synonyms

Korean

Hanja

兵 • (byeong) (hangeul 병)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

兵 (binh)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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