己

See also: 已 and 巳

己	U+5DF1, 己 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DF1

← 巰
[U+5DF0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

已 →
[U+5DF2]

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

己 (radical 49 己+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸山 (SU), four-corner 1771₇)

Kangxi radical #49, ⼰.

Derived characters

Index:Chinese radical/己
包 (Japanese form)

Descendants

こ (Hiragana character derived from Man'yōgana)
コ (Katakana character derived from Man'yōgana)

References

KangXi: page 326, character 9

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8742

Dae Jaweon: page 630, character 10

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 983, character 5

Unihan data for U+5DF1

Chinese

simp. and trad.		己

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 己
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (己) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
改	*klɯːʔ
跽	*ɡrɯʔ
己	*kɯʔ
紀	*kɯʔ
妀	*kɯʔ
記	*kɯs
杞	*kʰɯʔ
屺	*kʰɯʔ
芑	*kʰɯʔ
邔	kʰɯʔ, ɡɯs
玘	*kʰɯʔ
忌	*ɡɯs
鵋	*ɡɯs
誋	*ɡɯs
梞	*ɡɯs

Pictogram (象形) – silk rope for binding objects. Original form of 紀 (OC *kɯʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jǐ (ji³)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gei²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kí
Min Dong (BUC): gī
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kī / kí

(Teochew, Peng'im): gi² / gi⁷
Wu (Wiktionary): ji (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: jǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ
  - Wade–Giles: chih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jii
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gei²
  - Yale: géi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gei²
  - Guangdong Romanization: géi²
  - IPA ^(key): /kei̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kí
  - Hakka Romanization System: gi`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gi³
  - IPA: /ki³¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gī
  - IPA ^(key): /ki³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kī / kí
  - Tâi-lô: kī / kí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ki, kie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ki²²/, /ki⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ki⁴¹/, /ki⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki²²/, /ki⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ki³³/, /ki⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki³³/, /ki⁴¹/

Note: kī - vernacular, kí - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gi² / gi⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kí / kī
  - IPA ^(key): /ki⁵²/, /ki¹¹/

Note: gi7 - used in 家己.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ji (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /kɨ^X/▼

Rime
Character	己
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居里切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨ^X/
Li Rong	/kiə^X/
Wang Li	/kĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jǐ

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*k(r)əʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	己	己
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jǐ	jǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ ki^X ›	‹ ki^X ›
Old Chinese	/*k(r)əʔ/	/*k(r)əʔ/
English	6th heavenly stem	self
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	己
Reading #	1/1
No.	5765
Phonetic component	己
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kɯʔ/

Definitions

己

Coordinate terms

(heavenly stems) 天干; 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

Compounds

Derived terms from 己

一己 (yījǐ)
一己之私
一己之見／一己之见
人一己百
人己一視／人己一视
人溺己溺
人飢己飢／人饥己饥
以己度人
修己
先人後己／先人后己
克己 (kèjǐ)
克己主義／克己主义
克己奉公 (kèjǐ fènggōng)
克己復禮／克己复礼
克盡己職／克尽己职
入己
切己
利人利己
利己 (lìjǐ)
利己主義／利己主义 (lìjǐzhǔyì)
利己妨人
占為己有／占为己有
反求諸己／反求诸己
叨在知己
各執己見／各执己见
各抒己見／各抒己见
各持己見／各持己见 (gèchíjǐjiàn)
嗇己奉公／啬己奉公
嚴於律己／严于律己
固執己見／固执己见 (gùzhí jǐjiàn)
天涯知己
奉公正己
威福由己
威福自己
孤行己意
孤行己見／孤行己见
安分守己 (ānfènshǒujǐ)
害人利己
害人害己
審己度人／审己度人
尊己卑人

小己
屈己待人 (qūjǐ dàirén)
屈己從人／屈己从人
己任 (jǐrèn)
己方
己飢己溺／己饥己溺
徇公忘己
徇國忘己／徇国忘己
律己 (lǜjǐ)
復禮克己／复礼克己
恃才矜己
恕己及人
恕己及物
恭己
恭己待人
愛人如己／爱人如己 (àirénrújǐ)
打擊異己／打击异己
打體己／打体己
捨己就人／舍己就人
捨己從人／舍己从人
捨己成人／舍己成人
捨己救人／舍己救人
捨己為人／舍己为人
捨己為公／舍己为公
排斥異己／排斥异己
推己及人
揚己露才／扬己露才
揣己
損人利己／损人利己 (sǔnrénlìjǐ)
損人安己／损人安己
損人益己／损人益己
損人肥己／损人肥己
損己利物／损己利物
據為己有／据为己有
昧己瞞心／昧己瞒心
枉己正人
梯己
正中己懷／正中己怀
正己守道
潔己／洁己

潔己奉公／洁己奉公
潔己愛人／洁己爱人
異己／异己 (yìjǐ)
瘠人肥己
瘠己肥人
直己 (zhíjǐ)
直抒己見／直抒己见
瞞心昧己／瞒心昧己
矜己任智
矜己自飾／矜己自饰
知己 (zhījǐ)
知己知彼
知己話／知己话
知彼知己
私己 (sījǐ)
立身行己
紅粉知己／红粉知己
罪己
罪己詔／罪己诏
自己 (zìjǐ)
自己人 (zìjǐrén)
舍己從人／舍己从人
舍己芸人
著己
虛己／虚己
虛己受人／虚己受人
行己有恥／行己有耻
行己有方
衒材揚己／衒材扬己
視如己出／视如己出
誅鋤異己／诛锄异己
貼己／贴己 (tiējǐ)
身不由己 (shēnbùyóujǐ)
身己
逞己失眾／逞己失众
露才揚己／露才扬己
風塵知己／风尘知己
養家肥己／养家肥己
體己／体己 (tǐjǐ)
體己信兒／体己信儿

Japanese

Kanji

己

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

I (male)

Readings

Goon: き (ki, Jōyō)
Kan’on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
Kun: おのれ (onore, 己, Jōyō); つちのと (tsuchinoto, 己); おら (ora, 己)
Nanori: み (mi)

Derived terms

己 (おのれ)に克 (か)つ (onore ni katsu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
己
き Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 己 (ki^X)

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) き [kíꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
- IPA^(key): [kʲi]
Homophones: 木, 樹, 生, 杵, 柝, 黄, 危, 忌, 奇, 季, 癸, 紀, 鬼, 基, 揆, 期, 簋

Proper noun

己 (hiragana き, rōmaji Ki)

the sixth of the ten Heavenly Stems

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
己
つちのと Grade: 6
kun’yomi

土 (Tsuchi, “Earth”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 弟 (oto, “younger brother”)

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) つちのと [tsùchínóꜜtò] (Nakadaka – [3])
- IPA^(key): [t͡sɨ̥ᵝt͡ɕino̞to̞]

Proper noun

己 (hiragana つちのと, rōmaji Tsuchinoto)

the sixth of the ten Heavenly Stems

Korean

Hanja

己 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki)

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Vietnamese

Han character

己 (kỷ, kỉ, anh)

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