唐

唐 U+5510, 唐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5510
← 唏
[U+550F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 唑 →
[U+5511]

Translingual

Han character

唐 (radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈中口 (ILR), four-corner 00267, composition ⿸广⿱肀口)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 192, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3709
  • Dae Jaweon: page 411, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 633, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5510

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 唐

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (庚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
唐 *ɡl'aːŋ
煻 *l'aːŋ
糖 *l'aːŋ
搪 *l'aːŋ
蓎 *l'aːŋ
瑭 *l'aːŋ
餹 *l'aːŋ
篖 *l'aːŋ
螗 *l'aːŋ
塘 *l'aːŋ
鶶 *l'aːŋ
赯 *l'aːŋ
磄 *l'aːŋ
溏 *l'aːŋ
傏 *l'aːŋ
鎕 *l'aːŋ
榶 *l'aːŋ
嵣 *l'aːŋʔ, *l'aːŋs
庚 *kraːŋ
賡 *kraːŋ
鹒 *kraːŋ
康 *kʰlaːŋ
穅 *kʰlaːŋ
糠 *kʰlaːŋ
槺 *kʰlaːŋ
漮 *kʰlaːŋ
躿 *kʰlaːŋ
慷 *kʰlaːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡl'aːŋ) : phonetic 庚 (OC *kraːŋ) + semantic 口 (“mouth”) – to exaggerate, to boast. 唐 and 庚 were near-homophones in Old Chinese.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • tn̂g - vernacular;
  • tông - literary.
Note:
  • deng5 - vernacular;
  • tang5 - literary.
Rime
Character 唐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒郎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /dɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /dɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /dɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /daŋ/
Li
Rong		 /dɑŋ/
Wang
Li		 /dɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 táng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 唐 唐 唐
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 tāng táng táng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ thang › ‹ dang › ‹ dang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*r̥ˤaŋ/ /*[N-]rˤaŋ/ /*[N].rˤaŋ/
English name of first Shang ruler exaggerate; great 棠棣 cherry tree

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 唐
Reading # 1/1
No. 3959
Phonetic
component		 庚
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 唐
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡl'aːŋ/

Definitions

唐

  1. † to exaggerate; to boast
  2. † exaggerative; boastful
  3. † vast; wide; extensive
  4. † road inside temple
  5. † in vain; to no avail
  6. 50th tetragram of the Taixuanjing
  7. (～朝) Tang Dynasty
  8. (figuratively) China
  9. A surname​.

See also

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
NameTime periodDivisions
Xia
夏 (～朝, ～代)		 2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang
商 (～朝, ～代)
殷 (～朝, ～代)		 1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou
周 (～朝, ～代)		 1046 – 256 BCEWestern Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周／东周		Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國／战国
Qin
秦 (～朝, ～代)		 221 – 206 BCE
Han
漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)		 206 BCE – 220 CEWestern Han
西漢／西汉
Xin
新 (～朝)
Eastern Han
東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國／三国		 220 – 280 CEWei
魏
Shu
蜀
Wu
吳／吴
Jin
晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)		 265 – 420 CEWestern Jin
西晉／西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝		 420 – 589 CENorthern dynasties
北朝		Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏／东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊／北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝		Liu Song
劉宋／刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊／南齐
Liang
梁 (～朝, ～代)
Chen
陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui
隋 (～朝, ～代)		 581 – 618 CE
Tang
唐 (～朝, ～代)		 618 – 907 CE
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國／五代十国		 907 – 960 CE
Liao
遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)		 907 – 1125 CE
Song
宋 (～朝, ～代)		 960 – 1279 CENorthern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏		 1038 – 1227 CE
Jin
金 (～朝, ～代)		 1115 – 1234 CE
Western Liao
西遼／西辽		 1124 – 1218 CE
Yuan
元 (～朝, ～代)		 1271 – 1368 CE
Ming
明 (～朝, ～代)		 1368 – 1644 CE
Qing
清 (～朝, ～代)		 1636 – 1912 CE

Compounds

  • 中唐
  • 二返投唐
  • 全唐文
  • 全唐詩／全唐诗
  • 初唐
  • 初唐四傑／初唐四杰
  • 劉唐下書／刘唐下书
  • 半唐番 (bàntángfān, “half-Chinese person”)
  • 南唐 (Nántáng)
  • 唐三彩
  • 唐三絕／唐三绝
  • 唐三藏
  • 唐人 (tángrén)
  • 唐人街 (tángrénjiē, “Chinatown”)
  • 唐努山
  • 唐古喇山
  • 唐哉皇哉
  • 唐堯／唐尧
  • 唐塞
  • 唐太宗
  • 唐夷
  • 唐寧街／唐宁街
  • 唐山 (Tángshān)
  • 四唐
  • 大唐之歌
  • 後唐／后唐 (Hòutáng)
  • 撲唐唐／扑唐唐
  • 放肆荒唐
  • 新唐書／新唐书
  • 晚唐
  • 李唐
  • 求馬唐肆／求马唐肆
  • 盛唐 (Shèngtáng)
  • 舊唐書／旧唐书
  • 苟且唐塞
  • 荒唐 (huāngtáng)
  • 荒唐不經／荒唐不经
  • 荒唐之言
  • 荒唐無稽／荒唐无稽
  • 行唐 (xíngtáng)
  • 遣唐使
  • 陶唐
  • 陶唐氏
  • 雲雨高唐／云雨高唐
  • 頹唐／颓唐 (tuítáng)
  • 馮唐易老／冯唐易老

Japanese

Kanji

唐

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. Tang dynasty
  2. China, Chinese, Sino-
  3. foreign
  4. baseless, bogus
  5. abrupt, sudden

Readings

(Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
唐
とう
Grade: S
on’yomi

/tau/ → /tɔː/ → /toː/

From Middle Chinese 唐 (MC dɑŋ).

Pronunciation

Noun

唐 (hiragana とう, rōmaji tō, historical hiragana たう)

  1. foreign lands in general
Derived terms
Idioms
  • 唐 (とう)へ投 (な)げ銀 (がね) (tō e nage-gane)

Proper noun

唐 (hiragana とう, rōmaji Tō, historical hiragana たう)

  1. (historical) name of various Chinese dynasties:
    1. the Tang dynasty (618-907 CE)
    2. the 後唐 (Kōtō, “Later Tang”) (923-937 CE)
    3. the 後唐 (Nantō, “Southern Tang”) (937–976 CE)
  2. (dated) China in general
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
唐
から
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Shift from 漢 (Kara), the name of China during the Han dynasty (202 BCE-220 CE), the use of this kanji signifies the transition to the Tang dynasty.

Originally meant "China" during the Tang dynasty and "elements imported from China", then later expanded to mean "foreign lands in general" and "elements imported from foreign lands".

Pronunciation

Prefix

唐 (hiragana から, rōmaji kara-)

  1. element in compounds, referring to things imported from China or from other foreign lands
    漢詩 (からうた)、唐 (から)歌 (うた)、唐 (から)揚 (あ)げ、漢音 (からごえ)
    karauta, karauta, karaage, karagoe
    Chinese-style poetry (as opposed to formal waka Japanese-style poetry), Chinese-style poetry, deep-fried chicken or fish (a style introduced by Europeans in the 1600s), "Chinese voice" → the kan'on or Chinese-derived reading for a character
Derived terms

Noun

唐 (hiragana から, rōmaji kara)

  1. foreign lands in general
  2. Short for 唐織り (karaori): silk fabrics imported from China; an exquisitely-embroidered woman's kimono; a costume made in the karaori style used in Noh theater

Proper noun

唐 (hiragana から, rōmaji Kara)

  1. (formal, dated) the name of China during the Tang dynasty (618-907 CE}
Derived terms
See also

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
唐
もろこし
Grade: S
kun’yomi

⟨mo2ro2 ko1si⟩ → ⟨moro2ko1si⟩ → */morəkosi/ → /morokoɕi/

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Man'yōshū (c. 753 CE).

Originally a compound of 諸 (moro-, prefix meaning "many") + 越 (koshi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 越す (kosu, “to cross (over)”),[2] by reinterpretation of kun-reading 越 (koshi) from on-reading of 越 (Etsu, “(state of) Yue”).[3]

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

唐 (hiragana もろこし, rōmaji morokoshi)

  1. (archaic) any objects imported from China
Derived terms

Proper noun

唐 (hiragana もろこし, rōmaji Morokoshi)

  1. (archaic) the name of China by the ancient Japanese people
    Synonym: 唐土 (Tōdo)

References

  1. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  2. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

唐 • (dang) (hangeul 당, McCune–Reischauer tang)

  1. Tang dynasty
  2. Chinese

Vietnamese

Han character

唐 (Đường, đường, đằng, đàng, giềng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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