蓋

See also: 盖
蓋 U+84CB, 蓋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-84CB
← 蓊
[U+84CA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 蓌 →
[U+84CC]

Translingual

Han character

蓋 (radical 140, 艸+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿土戈廿 (TGIT), four-corner 44107, composition ⿱艹盍)

References

  • KangXi: page 1051, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31652
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1513, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3260, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+84CB

Chinese

trad. 蓋
simp. 盖

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (盍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蓋 *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb
盖 *kaːbs
溘 *kʰaːbs, *kʰoːb, *kʰaːb
搕 *qoːb
嗑 *kaːb, *ɡaːb
榼 *kʰaːb
磕 *kʰaːb, *kʰaːd
瞌 *kʰaːb
盍 *ɡaːb
闔 *ɡaːb
篕 *ɡaːb
熆 *ɡaːb
鰪 *qaːb
廅 *qaːb
圔 *qroːb
饁 *ɢrab

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 盍 (OC *ɡaːb) — a thatch.

盍 is the original character for the “cover” sense. However, because it was borrowed to mean “why not”, the scope of senses that 蓋 covered expanded to include the “cover” sense (and its extended meanings).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation 1

Note: Erhua-ed pronunciation - only the noun senses.
Note: koi3 - only the non-common-noun senses.
Note:
  • kah - vernacular (“to cover”);
  • kòa - vernacular (noun);
  • kài - literary;
  • kap - literary (“to cover”);
  • khap - vernacular (“to cover”).
Note: gai3 - “to cover”.
Rime
Character 蓋
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 泰 (25)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古太切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kajH/
Li
Rong		 /kɑiH/
Wang
Li		 /kɑiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gài
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蓋
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gài
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kajH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ˤap-s/
English cover (v.); cover (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓋
Reading # 1/3
No. 5069
Phonetic
component		 盍
Rime
group		 蓋
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 蓋
Old
Chinese		 /*kaːbs/
Definitions

蓋

  1. to cover; to conceal
    蓋被 / 盖被 [Min Nan]  ―  kah-phōe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to put on a blanket
  2. (figuratively) to cover up; to conceal
  3. (Min Nan) to put on; to apply
  4. to stamp; to affix (a seal)
  5. to overwhelm; to surpass
  6. to build; to construct
  7. to talk nonsense; to chatter
  8. cover; cap; lid
  9. shell (of a turtle, crab, etc.)
  10. † thatch; straw mat
  11. † canopy
  12. (dialectal) excellent; fantastic
  13. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Min Nan, Southern Sixian Hakka) very
  14. † probably; roughly
  15. † for; because
  16. A surname​.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very; quite”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 甚
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 非常、很、十分、太
Mandarin Beijing 挺、很、倍兒
Taiwan 很、挺
Tianjin 挺、很
Jinan 挺、楞
Xi'an 很
Wuhan 蠻、很
Chengdu 很、好
Yangzhou 蠻、稀、很
Hefei 很
Cantonese Guangzhou 好
Hong Kong 好
Taishan 好
Yangjiang 好
Gan Nanchang 蠻
Hakka Meixian 好
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 當、已、還
Liudui (S. Sixian) 蓋、盡、還
Hsinchu (Hailu) 當、已、還
Dongshi (Dabu) 當、已、還
Zhuolan (Raoping) 當、已、還
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 足、真、實在
Jin Taiyuan 很、挺
Min Bei Jian'ou 真
Min Dong Fuzhou 野、真
Min Nan Xiamen 真、野、誠、有夠
Quanzhou 真、野、誠、有夠
Zhangzhou 盡、蓋、足、足範、有夠
Taipei 真、誠
Kaohsiung 有夠、足、真、誠、蓋
Tainan 有夠、足、真、誠、蓋
Taichung 誠、蓋、足
Hsinchu 真、誠
Lukang 真、誠
Sanxia 真、誠
Yilan 有夠、足、誠、盡
Kinmen 足、誠
Magong 真、誠
Penang 真、誠、真正
Chaozhou 過
Wu Shanghai 蠻、老
Suzhou 蠻
Wenzhou 蠻、蒙、顯
Xiang Changsha 很、蠻
Shuangfeng 蠻
Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 蓋
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 盍 (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡臘切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦap̚/
Li
Rong		 /ɣɑp̚/
Wang
Li		 /ɣɑp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hé
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蓋
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 hé
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hap ›
Old
Chinese		 /*m-[k]ˤap/
English thatch, cover (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓋
Reading # 3/3
No. 5083
Phonetic
component		 盍
Rime
group		 盍
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 盍
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡaːb/
Definitions

蓋

  1. † Alternative form of 盍 (hé, “to cover; to join together; thatch”).
  2. † Alternative form of 闔／阖 (hé, “door leaf”).

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 蓋
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 盍 (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古盍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kap̚/
Li
Rong		 /kɑp̚/
Wang
Li		 /kɑp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 ge
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓋
Reading # 2/3
No. 5075
Phonetic
component		 盍
Rime
group		 盍
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 䫦
Old
Chinese		 /*kaːb/

Definitions

蓋

  1. (～邑) (historical) Ge (a city in the ancient state of Qi in modern-day Yishui County, Shandong)
  2. A surname​.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 蓋
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 盍 (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡臘切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦap̚/
Li
Rong		 /ɣɑp̚/
Wang
Li		 /ɣɑp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hé
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓋
Reading # 3/3
No. 5083
Phonetic
component		 盍
Rime
group		 盍
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 盍
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡaːb/

Definitions

蓋

  1. † Alternative form of 盍 (hé, “why not”).

References

Japanese

Kanji

蓋

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. cover
  2. lid
  3. flap

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
蓋
ふた
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun

蓋 (hiragana ふた, katakana フタ, rōmaji futa)

  1. lid; cap; cover
    箱 (はこ)のふた ― hako no futa ― box lid
    ビンの蓋 (ふた) ― bin no futa ― cap of a bottle

Korean

Hanja

蓋 • (gae, hap) (hangeul 개, 합, revised gae, hap, McCune–Reischauer kae, hap, Yale kay, hap)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

蓋 (cái)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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