以前

Chinese

		to use; according to; so as to to use; according to; so as to; in order to; by; with; because; Israel (abbrev.)	before; in front; ago before; in front; ago; former; previous; earlier; front
simp. and trad. (以前)		以	前

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǐqián

(Zhuyin): ㄧˇ ㄑㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁵ cin⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî-chhièn
Min Nan (POJ): í-chûiⁿ / í-chêng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yǐqián
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˇ ㄑㄧㄢˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yyichyan
  - IPA ^(key): /i²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji⁵ cin⁴
  - Yale: yíh chìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁵ tsin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi⁵ qin⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /jiː¹³ t͡sʰiːn²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-chhièn
  - Hakka Romanization System: i´ qienˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ qian²
  - IPA: /i²⁴ t͡ɕʰi̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-chhièn
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)i´ qienˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ qian²
  - IPA: /(j)i²⁴ t͡ɕʰi̯en¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-chûiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: í-tsuînn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: yzvuii
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡suĩ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-chêng
  - Tâi-lô: í-tsîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: yzeeng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɪŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɪŋ²³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɪŋ²⁴/

Adverb

以前

previously

Postposition

以前

before (a certain point in time); ago

Synonyms

Synonyms of 以前

以往 (yǐwǎng)
夙昔 (sùxī) (literary)
平昔 (píngxī) (literary)
往日 (wǎngrì) (literary)
往昔 (wǎngxī) (literary)
往時／往时 (wǎngshí)
從前／从前 (cóngqián)

日前 (rìqián) (literary)
昔日 (xīrì) (literary)
昔時／昔时 (xīshí) (literary)
曾經／曾经 (céngjīng)
當年／当年 (dāngnián)
疇昔／畴昔 (chóuxī) (literary)
過去／过去 (guòqù)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
以	前
い Grade: 4	ぜん Grade: 2
on’yomi

Noun

以前 (hiragana いぜん, rōmaji izen)

(the one) before, formerly, ago
the former, the previous

References

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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