花

花 U+82B1, 花
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82B1
← 芰
[U+82B0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 芲 →
[U+82B2]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

花 (radical 140, 艸+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 廿人心 (TOP), four-corner 44214, composition ⿱艹化)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1020, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30734
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1478, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3181, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+82B1

Chinese

trad. 花
simp. # 花

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 花
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (化) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
訛 *ŋʷaːl
吪 *ŋʷaːl
鈋 *ŋʷaːl
囮 *lu, *ŋʷaːl
魤 *ŋʷaːl
靴 *hʷa
貨 *hŋʷaːls
花 *hʷraː
化 *hŋʷraːls
杹 *hŋʷraːls
匕 *pilʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hʷraː) : semantic 艹 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls). Originally 𠌶 or 華 before the Han dynasty.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • hoe - vernacular;
  • hoa - literary.
Rime
Character 花
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 麻 (99)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 呼瓜切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /hˠua/
Pan
Wuyun		 /hʷᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xua/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /hwaɨ/
Li
Rong		 /xua/
Wang
Li		 /xwa/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xwa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 huā
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 花
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 huā
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ xwæ ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qʷʰˤra/
English flower (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 花
Reading # 1/1
No. 5326
Phonetic
component		 化
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 華
Old
Chinese		 /*hʷraː/
Notes 俗與華通用

Definitions

花

  1. flower; blossom (Classifier: 朵 m; 支 m; 束 m; 把 m; 盆 m; 簇 m)
    花朵  ―  huāduǒ  ―  flower
  2. florid, flowery
  3. pattern, design
    松花蛋  ―  sōnghuādàn  ―  thousand-year-old egg
  4. blurred
    眼花  ―  yǎnhuā  ―  to have blurred vision
  5. fireworks
  6. essence, cream
  7. wound
  8. smallpox
  9. courtesan, prostitute
  10. to spend (money, time, etc.)
  11. profligate
  12. (slang) randy, lecherous
  13. (slang) to be horny; to womanize
  14. false
  15. (Cantonese) scratched
  16. A surname​. Hua

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 花朵 (“flower”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 花、華
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 花朵
Mandarin Beijing 花兒
Taiwan 花
Jinan 花
Muping 花
Xi'an 花
Lanzhou 花兒
Ürümqi 花
Wuhan 花
Chengdu 花
Yangzhou 花
Hefei 花
Cantonese Guangzhou 花
Hong Kong 花
Hong Kong (Weitou) 花
Taishan 花
Yangjiang 花
Gan Nanchang 花
Lichuan 花
Pingxiang 花
Hakka Meixian 花
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 花
Liudui (S. Sixian) 花
Hsinchu (Hailu) 花
Dongshi (Dabu) 花
Zhuolan (Raoping) 花
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 花
Hong Kong 花
Huizhou Jixi 花
Jin Taiyuan 花兒
Min Bei Jian'ou 花
Min Dong Fuzhou 花
Fuqing 花
Matsu 花
Min Nan Xiamen 花、花蕊
Quanzhou 花、花蕊
Zhangzhou 花、花蕊
Taipei 花、花蕊
Penang 花
Singapore 花
Philippines (Manila) 花
Chaozhou 花
Haikou 花
Leizhou 花
Pinghua Nanning 花朵
Wu Shanghai 花
Suzhou 花
Hangzhou 花
Wenzhou 花
Chongming 花
Jinhua 花
Ningbo 花
Xiang Changsha 花
Shuangfeng 花

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

花

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. flower

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
花
はな
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

花 (hiragana はな, rōmaji hana)

  1. flower
    花 (はな)が咲 (さ)く頃 (ごろ)
    hana ga saku goro
    when the flowers bloom
    • 1999 February 4, “火か炎えん草そう [Fire Grass]”, in Vol.1 (in Japanese), Konami:
      火 (か)山 (ざん)の近 (ちか)くに生 (せい)息 (そく)する草 (くさ)。花 (はな)から火 (か)炎 (えん)を吹 (ふ)き攻 (こう)撃 (げき)する。
      Kazan no chikaku ni seisoku suru kusa. Hana kara kaen o fuki kōgeki suru.
      A grass that grows near volcanoes. It breathes fire from its flowers.
    • 1999 March 1, “ダーク・プラント [Dark Plant]”, in BOOSTER 1 (in Japanese), Konami:
      汚 (お)染 (せん)された土 (つち)と闇 (やみ)の力 (ちから)で育 (そだ)てられた花 (はな)。とても凶 (きょう)暴 (ぼう)。
      Osen sareta tsuchi to yami no chikara de sodaterareta hana. Totemo kyōbō.
      A flower that grows from polluted soil and dark powers. It is very nasty.
    • 1999 May 25, “深しん淵えんに咲さく花はな [The Flower That Blooms in the Abyss]”, in BOOSTER 2 (in Japanese), Konami:
      光 (ひかり)の届 (とど)かない深 (しん)淵 (えん)にひっそりと咲 (さ)く、あまり見 (み)かけない花 (はな)。
      Hikari no todokanai shin'en ni hissori to saku, amari mikakenai hana.
      A rarely seen flower that silently blooms in the depths of the abyss where the sun never shines.
    • 1999 July 5, “命いのちある花か瓶びん [Living Vase]”, in BOOSTER 3 (in Japanese), Konami:
      生 (い)けてある花 (はな)から、花 (か)粉 (ふん)を飛 (と)ばし噛 (か)みついてくる生 (い)きている花 (か)瓶 (びん)。
      Iketearu hana kara, kafun o tobashi kamitsuitekuru ikiteiru kabin.
      A living vase that bites and releases pollen from its living flowers.
  2. flower arrangement
  3. Japanese playing cards
  4. the best days of one's life
  5. the best thing
  6. essence

Derived terms

Korean

Hanja

花 (eumhun 꽃 화 (kkot hwa))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

花

(hoa, huê, hân)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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