匕

See also: ヒ, ビ, ピ, 七, and 𠤎

匕	U+5315, 匕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5315

← 匔
[U+5314]

CJK Unified Ideographs

化 →
[U+5316]

Translingual

Han character

匕 (radical 21 匕+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 山竹 (UH), four-corner 2271₀, composition ⿺乚丿(GJKHO) or ⿺乚一(TV))

Kangxi radical #21, ⼔.

Stroke Order notes

PRC Standard Stroke Order: (see diagram)

Stroke order

ROC Standard Stroke Order: First stroke is 橫 (not 撇).

Derived characters

Index:Chinese_radical/匕
匂叱尼它旨牝壱皀

References

KangXi: page 152, character 18

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2570

Dae Jaweon: page 342, character 2

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 261, character 15

Unihan data for U+5315

Chinese

simp. and trad.		匕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 匕
Shang		Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (匕) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
匕	*pilʔ
庀	*pʰelʔ
疕	pʰelʔ, pilʔ, *pʰrilʔ
朼	*pilʔ
牝	bilʔ, binʔ

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bǐ (bi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bei², bei⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pí
Min Nan (POJ): pí

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: bǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˇ
  - Wade–Giles: pih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bii
  - IPA ^(key): /pi²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bei², bei⁶
  - Yale: béi, beih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bei², bei⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: béi², béi⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /pei̯³⁵/, /pei̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pí
  - Hakka Romanization System: bi`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bi³
  - IPA: /pi³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pí
  - Tâi-lô: pí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pi⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pi⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pi⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pi⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pi⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /piɪ^X/▼

Rime
Character	匕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	卑履切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/piɪ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/pi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/pjɪ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pi^X/
Li Rong	/pi^X/
Wang Li	/pi^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bǐ

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pijʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*pilʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	匕	匕
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǐ	bǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ pjij^X ›	‹ pjij^X ›
Old Chinese	/*pijʔ/	/*pijʔ/
English	ladle, spoon	spoon
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	匕
Reading #	1/1
No.	484
Phonetic component	匕
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	匕
Old Chinese	/*pilʔ/

Definitions

匕

a kind of implement for eating in ancient China
arrow
Short for 匕首 (bǐshǒu).
Original form of 比 (bǐ).

Compounds

匕箸
匕首 (bǐshǒu)

匕鬯
匕鬯不驚／匕鬯不惊

圖窮匕現／图穷匕现
圖窮匕見／图穷匕见 (túqióngbǐxiàn)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 匕 – see 牝 (“female animal; gorge; etc.”). (This character, 匕, is a variant form of 牝.)

Japanese

Kanji

匕

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

On (unclassified): ひ (hi)

Kun: さじ (saji)

Noun

匕 (hiragana さじ, rōmaji saji)

Alternative form of 匙

Korean

Hanja

匕 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi)

spoon, ladle
knife, dirk

Vietnamese

Han character

匕 (chuỷ)

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