空
See also: 🈳
| ||||||||
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
Han character
空 (radical 116, 穴+3, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十金一 (JCM), four-corner 30101, composition ⿱穴工)
References
- KangXi: page 863, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25415
- Dae Jaweon: page 1289, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2719, character 8
- Unihan data for U+7A7A
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
空 | |
|---|---|---|
| alt. forms | 𠀝 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 空 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
 |
| Characters in the same phonetic series (工) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 缸 | *kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ |
| 篢 | *kluːmʔ, *koːŋ |
| 贑 | *kluːmʔ |
| 涳 | *ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 江 | *kroːŋ |
| 肛 | *kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ |
| 扛 | *kroːŋ |
| 杠 | *kroːŋ |
| 豇 | *kroːŋ |
| 茳 | *kroːŋ |
| 釭 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
| 矼 | *kroːŋ |
| 玒 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ |
| 虹 | *kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ |
| 腔 | *kʰroːŋ |
| 崆 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 羫 | *kʰroːŋ |
| 控 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 椌 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 悾 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 跫 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ |
| 啌 | *qʰroːŋ |
| 谾 | *qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ |
| 舡 | *qʰroːŋ |
| 項 | *ɡroːŋʔ |
| 屸 | *ɡ·roːŋ |
| 功 | *koːŋ |
| 工 | *koːŋ |
| 疘 | *koːŋ |
| 魟 | *koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ |
| 攻 | *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
| 愩 | *koːŋ |
| 碽 | *koːŋ |
| 貢 | *koːŋs |
| 羾 | *koːŋs |
| 空 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 箜 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 硿 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 埪 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 鵼 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 倥 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 鞚 | *kʰoːŋs |
| 叿 | *qʰoːŋ |
| 嗊 | *qʰoːŋʔ |
| 訌 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 紅 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 仜 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 葒 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 渱 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 鴻 | *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 汞 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 澒 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 鞏 | *koŋʔ |
| 巩 | *koŋʔ |
| 銎 | *kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ |
| 恐 | *kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs |
| 蛩 | *ɡoŋ |
| 筇 | *ɡoŋ |
| 桏 | *ɡoŋ |
| 邛 | *ɡoŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs) : semantic 穴 (“cave, hole”) + phonetic 工 (OC *koːŋ).
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
空
- empty; hollow; void
- exhausted; emptied
- open; spacious; vast
- quiet and still; secluded
- lacking substance; fictitious; fabricated
- (Min Dong) hungry
- air; sky; atmosphere
- space; outer space; cosmos; universe
- (Buddhism) sunyata; emptiness; void of the world of the senses
- (Taoism) emptiness and quiet
- in vain; for nothing
- only (left, remain, etc.)
- to exhaust
- to miss the target
Synonyms
- (hungry):
| Dialectal synonyms of 餓 (“hungry”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | 飢、餓 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 餓、飢餓 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 餓 |
| Taiwan | 餓 | |
| Tianjin | 餓 | |
| Harbin | 餓 | |
| Shenyang | 餓 | |
| Jinan | 餓 | |
| Xi'an | 飢、餓 | |
| Wuhan | 餓 | |
| Chengdu | 餓 | |
| Yangzhou | 餓 | |
| Hefei | 餓 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 肚餓 |
| Hong Kong | 肚餓 | |
| Taishan | 肚飢 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 餓 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 肚飢、餓 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 肚飢、肚枵 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 肚飢 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 肚屎枵、肚枵 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 肚枵、肚屎枵、肚飢 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 肚枵、肚屎枵 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 屎肚枵 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 餓 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 空、枵 dated |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 枵 |
| Quanzhou | 枵 | |
| Zhangzhou | 枵 | |
| Taipei | 枵 | |
| Kaohsiung | 枵 | |
| Chaozhou | 肚困 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 餓 |
| Wenzhou | 餓 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 餓、䐬 |
| Shuangfeng | 肚䐬、餓 intensified | |
Compounds
Derived terms from 空
|
|
|
Pronunciation 2
Definitions
空
- to make empty; to impoverish
- to leave empty; to leave blank
- vacant; unoccupied; available
- spare time; free time; leisure
- empty space; room
- gap; chance; opportunity
- (Min Nan) zero
Compounds
Derived terms from 空
Pronunciation 3
Definitions
空
Japanese
Kanji
空
Readings
- Goon: く (ku); くう (kū, Jōyō)
- Kan’on: こう (kō)
- Kun: あく (aku, 空く, Jōyō); あける (akeru, 空ける, Jōyō); うつける (utsukeru, 空ける); うつ (utsu, 空); うつお (utsuo, 空); うつぼ (utsubo, 空); うつろ (utsuro, 空ろ); うろ (uro, 空ろ); から (kara, 空, Jōyō); すく (suku, 空く); そら (sora, 空, Jōyō); むなしい (munashii, 空しい); あな (ana, 空)
- Nanori: たか (taka)
Compounds
Derived terms
- 空揚げ (karaage, “karaage”)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 空 |
| そら Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Found in the Kojiki c. 712 CE.[1]
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
Noun
- the sky
Synonyms
- (the sky): 天 (てん, ten)
Related terms
- 空で (sorade)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 空 |
| から Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
Cognate with 殻 (kara, “shell”).[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
- empty
- 空箱 (karabako, “empty box”)
- ineffectual
- 空振り (karaburi, “in vain”)
- false
- 空元気 (karagenki, “bravado”)
Derived terms
- カラオケ (karaoke)
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 空 |
| くう Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 空 (MC kʰuŋ, kʰuŋH).
Pronunciation
Noun
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 空 |
| うろ Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
Etymology 5
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 空 |
| うつお Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
/utuho/: utupo → utuɸo → utuwo → utuo. See also 空 (utsubo).
Pronunciation
Noun
空 (hiragana うつお, rōmaji utsuo, historical hiragana うつほ)
- Alternative form of うろ
Etymology 6
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 空 |
| うつぼ Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
Similar etymology to 空 (utsuo). As /h/ gradually changed from [p] → [ɸ] → [w] → [Ø], the phoneme was voiced to [b] in order to maintain it.
Pronunciation
Noun
空 (hiragana うつぼ, rōmaji utsubo)
- Alternative form of うろ
References
Korean
Hanja
空 • (gong)
- Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 공 (revised: gong, McCune–Reischauer: kong, Yale: kong)
- Name (hangeul): 빌 (revised: bil)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from
Wiktionary.
The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike.
Additional terms may apply for the media files.