穹

穹	U+7A79, 穹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A79

← 穸
[U+7A78]

CJK Unified Ideographs

空 →
[U+7A7A]

Translingual

Han character

穹 (radical 116 穴+3, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十金弓 (JCN), four-corner 3020₇, composition ⿱穴弓)

high and vast
elevated
arched

Descendants

窮

References

KangXi: page 862, character 29

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25414

Dae Jaweon: page 1289, character 7

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2721, character 3

Unihan data for U+7A79

Chinese

simp. and trad.		穹

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (弓) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
弓	*kʷɯŋ
穹	*kʰʷɯŋ
焪	kʰʷɯŋ, kʰʷɯŋs
芎	*kʰʷɯŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰʷɯŋ) : semantic 穴 + phonetic 弓 (OC *kʷɯŋ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qióng, qiōng

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄥˊ, ㄑㄩㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kung⁴, hung¹, gung¹
Min Nan (POJ): khiông / kiong

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: qióng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄥˊ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'iung²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyong
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: qiōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄥ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'iung¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiong
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: kung⁴, hung¹, gung¹
  - Yale: kùhng, hūng, gūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kung⁴, hung¹, gung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: kung⁴, hung¹, gung¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹/, /hʊŋ⁵⁵/, /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiông
  - Tâi-lô: khiông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qioong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /kʰiɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
  - Tâi-lô: kiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɨuŋ/▼

Rime
Character	穹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	去宮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuwŋ/
Li Rong	/kʰiuŋ/
Wang Li	/kʰĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiōng

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷɯŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穹
Reading #	1/1
No.	4080
Phonetic component	弓
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷɯŋ/

Definitions

穹

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

天穹
玄穹
穹壤
穹天
穹宇 (qióngyǔ)
穹廬／穹庐 (qiónglú)

穹石
穹窒
穹窿
穹蒼／穹苍 (qióngcāng)
穹谷

穹隆
穹靈／穹灵
蒼穹／苍穹 (cāngqióng)
隆穹
顥穹／颢穹

References

(Cantonese) Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)

Japanese

Kanji

穹

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

high arching vault
sky

Readings

Goon: く (ku)
Kan’on: きゅう (kyū)^{←きゆう (kyū, historical)}
Kun: あめ (ame, 穹); そら (sora, 穹); おおぞら (ōzora, 穹); あな (ana, 穹); ふかい (fukai, 穹い); たかい (takai, 穹い); おおきい (ōkī, 穹きい)

Korean

Hanja

穹 • (gung) (hangeul 궁, revised gung, McCune–Reischauer kung, Yale kwung)

(하늘 궁): sky, heaven
(활 꼴 궁): arc, arch, arched

Synonyms

空 (gong, 공)

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