湯

See also: 汤
湯 U+6E6F, 湯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E6F
← 湮
[U+6E6E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 湰 →
[U+6E70]

Translingual

Han character

湯 (radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水日一竹 (EAMH), four-corner 36127, composition ⿰氵昜)

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • KangXi: page 638, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17874
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1045, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1674, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6E6F

Chinese

trad. 湯
simp. 汤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (昜) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
湯 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ
踼 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋʔ, *l'aːŋ, *l'aːŋs
蝪 *l̥ʰaːŋ
薚 *l̥ʰaːŋ
簜 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l'aːŋʔ
盪 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ
偒 *l̥ʰaːŋʔ
蕩 *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ
燙 *l̥ʰaːŋs
啺 *l'aːŋ
碭 *l'aːŋ, *l'aːŋs
婸 *l'aːŋʔ
愓 *l'aːŋʔ
璗 *l'aːŋʔ
崵 *l'aːŋʔ, *laŋ
逿 *l'aːŋs
暢 *l̥ʰaŋs
畼 *l̥ʰaŋs
腸 *l'aŋ
場 *l'aŋ
傷 *hljaŋ, *hljaŋs
殤 *hljaŋ
觴 *hljaŋ
慯 *hljaŋ, *hljaŋs
禓 *hljaŋ, *laŋ
塲 *hljaŋ
陽 *laŋ
楊 *laŋ
揚 *laŋ
瘍 *laŋ
煬 *laŋ, *laŋs
鍚 *laŋ
暘 *laŋ
颺 *laŋ, *laŋs
昜 *laŋ
輰 *laŋ
敭 *laŋ
鰑 *laŋ
諹 *laŋ, *laŋs
瑒 *laŋ, *rlaːŋʔ
鸉 *laŋ
餳 *ljaːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 昜 (OC *laŋ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-la(w)ŋ (“steam; hot (liquid)”); compare Tibetan རླངས (rlangs, “steam, vapour; steamy”) (Bodman, 1980; STEDT).

Related to 盪 (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ, “basin for holding hot water for washing; wash basin”), 煬 (OC *laŋ, *laŋs, “to heat; to roast”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • thng - vernacular;
  • thong - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 湯
Mandarin Beijing /tʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /tʰaŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tʰɑŋ²¹/
Jinan /tʰaŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /tʰaŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /tʰaŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /tʰaŋ²¹/
Xining /tʰɔ̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tʰɑŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /tʰɑ̃³¹/
Ürümqi /tʰɑŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /tʰã̠/
Nanjing /tʰaŋ³¹/
Hefei /tʰɑ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /tʰɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /tʰɑŋ¹³/
/tʰuə¹³/
Hohhot /tʰɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /tʰɑ̃⁵³/
Suzhou /tʰɑ̃⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /tʰɑŋ³³/
Wenzhou /tʰuɔ³³/
Hui Shexian /tʰa³¹/
Tunxi /tʰau¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /tʰan³³/
Xiangtan /tʰɔn³³/
Gan Nanchang /tʰɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /tʰoŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tʰoŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tʰɔŋ⁵³/
Nanning /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
/tʰŋ̍⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tʰouŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tʰɔŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /tʰaŋ³³/
/tʰɯŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /haŋ²³/
/ho²³/
Rime
Character 湯
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 吐郎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /tʰɑŋ/
Wang
Li		 /tʰɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tāng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 湯 湯
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 tāng tāng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ thang › ‹ thang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ˤaŋ/ /*r̥ˤaŋ/
English hot liquid (proper name:) founder of Shāng dynasty

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 湯
Reading # 1/3
No. 14552
Phonetic
component		 昜
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 湯
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ʰaːŋ/

Definitions

湯

  1. (literary or regional) hot or boiling water
  2. broth; stock
  3. soup; water in which something has been boiled; beverage
    薑湯 / 姜汤  ―  jiāngtāng  ―  ginger tea
    我們晚餐喝湯。 / 我们晚餐喝汤。  ―  Wǒmen wǎncān hē tāng.  ―  We will have soup for dinner.
  4. decoction of medicinal herbs
    • 白虎湯 / 白虎汤  ―  bái hǔ tāng  ―  White Tiger Decoction
  5. hot spring
  6. (dialectal Mandarin) dinner; meal
    喝湯兒 / 喝汤儿  ―  hē tāngr  ―  to have a meal [Central Mandarin]
  7. (Min Nan) pus
  8. Tang of Shang, founder of the Shang Dynasty of China
  9. A surname​.

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 湯
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 他浪切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰaŋH/
Li
Rong		 /tʰɑŋH/
Wang
Li		 /tʰɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tàng
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 湯
Reading # 2/3
No. 14560
Phonetic
component		 昜
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 儻
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ʰaːŋs/
Notes 後作燙

Definitions

湯

  1. † Original form of 燙／烫 (tàng, “to warm; to bathe or rinse in hot water”).
  2. † to touch; to come in contact with
  3. † to meet with

Pronunciation 3

Rime
Character 湯
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 式羊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɕɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɕiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɕiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɕɨaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ɕiaŋ/
Wang
Li		 /ɕĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɕi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shāng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 湯
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shāng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ syang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥aŋ/
English amply-flowing

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 湯
Reading # 3/3
No. 14585
Phonetic
component		 昜
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 商
Old
Chinese		 /*hljaŋ/

Definitions

湯

  1. † Only used in 湯湯／汤汤 (shāngshāng, “torrential”).

Compounds

Pronunciation 4

Definitions

湯

  1. † Alternative form of 暘／旸 (yáng). Only used in 暘谷／旸谷.

Japanese

Kanji

湯

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
湯
ゆ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

湯 (hiragana ゆ, rōmaji yu)

  1. warm or hot water
  2. bathwater
  3. a hot spring
  4. a medicinal bath
  5. a medicinal decoction
  6. bilgewater
  7. molten metal used in casting or founding
  8. urine
Derived terms
Synonyms

Etymology 2

Baby talk.[3] Possibly onomatopoeic of a person blowing on a hot beverage.

Pronunciation

Noun

湯 (hiragana ぶう, rōmaji bū)

  1. (childish, archaic) warm or hot water
  2. (childish, archaic) tea

References

  1. ↑ c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 16, poem 3824), text here
  2. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja

湯 • (tang, sang) (hangeul 탕, 상, revised tang, sang, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, sang, Yale thang, sang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

湯 (thang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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