疑

疑 U+7591, 疑
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7591
← 疐
[U+7590] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 疒 →
[U+7592]

Translingual

Han character

疑 (radical 103, 疋+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心大弓戈人 (PKNIO), four-corner 27481, composition ⿰𠤕⿱龴疋)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 768, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22007
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1178, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2751, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7591

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 疑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (疑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
礙 *ŋɯːs
儗 *ŋɯːs, *hŋɯːs, *ŋɯʔ, *ŋɯs
懝 *ŋɯːs, *ŋɯɡ
譺 *ŋrɯːs, *ŋɯʔ, *ŋɯs
癡 *ŋ̊ʰl'ɯ
疑 *ŋɯ
嶷 *ŋɯ, *ŋɯɡ
觺 *ŋɯ
擬 *ŋɯʔ
薿 *ŋɯʔ, *ŋɯɡ
凝 *ŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋs

Originally an ideogrammic compound (會意) : 大 (“man”) + [Term?] (“tilted head”) + 丨 (“cane”) – a man with a cane looking around with his mouth wide open, not know where to go – to be confused; to doubt. In the oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions, 彳, 亍, and/or 止 was often added to indicate walking on a path.

Various phonetic components have been added later: 牛 (OC *ŋʷɯ) in the bronze script, 子 (OC *ʔslɯʔ) or 乙 (OC *qriɡ) in the bamboo and silk script, and 子 (OC *ʔslɯʔ) or 矢 (OC *hliʔ) in the seal script. 子 is perhaps a corruption of 牛.

By the seal script, the man has been corrupted to 𠤕, leading Shuowen to slightly misinterpret the character to represent “a child standing on an obstructed road to compare the paths”: semantic 子 (“child”) + semantic 止 (“to be obstructed”) + semantic 匕 (“to compare”) + phonetic 矢 (OC *hliʔ). Duan Yucai's commentary on Shuowen offers an alternative interpretation, pointing out that 矢 (OC *hliʔ) is unlikely to be the phonetic component: semantic 子 (“child”) + semantic 𠤕 (“uncertain”) + phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ).

The current form is derived from the seal script, with more abstractions on the right (子 + 止 becoming マ + 疋).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 疑
Mandarin Beijing /i³⁵/
Harbin /i²⁴/
Tianjin /i⁴⁵/
Jinan /i⁴²/
Qingdao /i⁴²/
Zhengzhou /i⁴²/
Xi'an /ni²⁴/
Xining /ji²⁴/
Yinchuan /i⁵³/
Lanzhou /i⁵³/
Ürümqi /i⁵¹/
Wuhan /ni²¹³/
Chengdu /ȵi³¹/
Guiyang /ni²¹/ 老
/i²¹/ 新
Kunming /ni³¹/
Nanjing /i²⁴/
Hefei /zz̩⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /i¹¹/
Pingyao /ȵi¹³/
Hohhot /i³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ȵi²³/
Suzhou /ȵi¹³/
Hangzhou /ȵi²¹³/
Wenzhou /ȵi³¹/
Hui Shexian /ni⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ȵi⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ȵi¹³/
Xiangtan /ȵi¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵi⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋi¹¹/
Taoyuan /ŋi¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ji²¹/
Nanning /ni²¹/
Hong Kong /ji²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /gi³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ŋi⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ŋi²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /gi⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ŋi³¹/
Rime
Character 疑
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 語其切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋɨ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋɨ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋɨ/
Li
Rong		 /ŋiə/
Wang
Li		 /ŋĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yí
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 疑
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yí
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ngi ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ŋ](r)ə/ (< uvular)
English doubt

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 疑
Reading # 1/1
No. 14894
Phonetic
component		 疑
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 疑
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋɯ/
Notes 甲金文象人行道回顧遲疑狀，金文或加牛聲後訛爲子，非矢聲

Definitions

疑

  1. to doubt; to question; to suspect
  2. doubtful; suspicious
  3. question; query
  4. 62nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing
  5. (～母) (phonology) a Middle Chinese initial and the 'Phags-pa script letter ꡃ (ng-)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

疑

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. doubt

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

疑 • (ui, eung) (hangeul 의, 응, revised ui, eung, McCune–Reischauer ŭi, ŭng, Yale uy, ung)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

疑 (nghi)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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