道

道 U+9053, 道
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9053
← 遒
[U+9052] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 達 →
[U+9054]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

道 (radical 162, 辵+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿竹山 (YTHU), four-corner 38306, composition ⿺辶首)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1262, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39010
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1754, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3864, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9053

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 道
alt. forms 辺 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 道
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (首) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
道 *l'uːʔ
導 *duːs
首 *hljuʔ, *hljus

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l'uːʔ) : semantic 辵 (“walking”) + phonetic 首 (OC *hljuʔ, *hljus).

Etymology

Possibly derived from 導 (OC *duːs, “to go along, to bring along, to conduct”):

  • > "to explain" > "to talk about", and
  • > "road, way".

Cognate with Proto-Hmong-Mien *kləuX (“road, way”) (White Hmong kev (“road”)). See also 首 (OC *hljuʔ, *hljus).

Pronunciation 1

Note: “dàor” is used when as a lemma in senses a) “way, path, road” b) “thin line” c) “unit of measure which equals to 10 μm”.
Note: dou3 - only used in 知道.
Note: tō͘ - vernacular (俗).
Rime
Character 道
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒晧切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /dɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /dɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /dɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /dawX/
Li
Rong		 /dɑuX/
Wang
Li		 /dɑuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dào
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 道 道
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dǎo dào
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dawH › ‹ dawX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*lˤuʔ-s/ /*[kə.l]ˤuʔ/
English show the way way

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 道
Reading # 1/1
No. 11669
Phonetic
component		 首
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 道
Old
Chinese		 /*l'uːʔ/

Definitions

道

  1. way; path; road
    道路  ―  dàolù  ―  road
  2. (historical) circuit: an administrative division of late imperial China comprising 2 or more commanderies
  3. method; principle
  4. (philosophy) the Way; the Tao; the Dao: the way of nature and/or the ideal way to live one's life
  5. Short for 道教 (dàojiào, “Taoism”).
  6. Short for 道士 (dàoshì, “Taoist priest”).
  7. (religion) doctrine; teachings
    傳道 / 传道  ―  chuándào  ―  to preach
  8. to say; to utter
    能說會道 / 能说会道  ―  néngshuōhuìdào  ―  can talk really well [idiom]
  9. Classifier for long things.
    一道閃電 / 一道闪电  ―  yīdào shǎndiàn  ―  a bolt of lightning
    一道河  ―  yīdào hé  ―  a river
    一道縫 / 一道缝  ―  yīdào féng  ―  a crack
    一道彩虹  ―  yī dào cǎihóng  ―  a rainbow
  10. Classifier for barriers.
    一道籬笆 / 一道篱笆  ―  yī dào líbā  ―  a fence
  11. Classifier for courses in a meal: dish
    一道菜  ―  yī dào cài  ―  a dish of food
  12. Classifier for questions (in an exam), orders or proclamations.
    一道公文  ―  yī dào gōngwén  ―  a proclamation
    一道命令  ―  yī dào mìnglìng  ―  an order

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 道 – see 導 (“to direct; to guide; to lead; to conduct”).
(This character, 道, is an ancient form of 導.)

Japanese

Kanji

道

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. road; way

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
道
どう
Grade: 2
on’yomi

/dau/ → /dɔː/ → /doː/

From Middle Chinese 道 (dhɑ̀u, “road; way”). Compare modern Mandarin 道 (dào), Cantonese 道 (dou6).

Pronunciation

Noun

道 (hiragana どう, rōmaji dō, historical hiragana だう)

  1. The Way: tao, Taoism
  2. (chiefly historical) A region of Japan consisting of multiple provinces or prefectures. Feudal Japan was divided into several dō; the only remaining dō is Hokkaidō.

Proper noun

道 (hiragana どう, rōmaji Dō, historical hiragana だう)

  1. A surname​.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
道
ち
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.[3] May be cognate with Korean 길 (gil, “road”).

More often written as 路.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Suffix

道 (hiragana ち, rōmaji -chi)

  1. (obsolete) attaches to place names, indicating a road to that place
    This usage has generally been replaced by -ji below.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
道
じ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Derived as a sound shift from chi above.[3]

More often written as 路.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Suffix

道 (hiragana じ, rōmaji -ji, historical hiragana ぢ)

  1. a road, a street
    山 (やま)道 (じ)、長 (なが)道 (じ)
    yama-ji, naga-ji
    a mountain road, a long road
  2. attaches to place names, indicating a road to that place
    奈 (な)良 (ら)道 (じ)
    Nara-ji
    Road to Nara
  3. attaches to a time duration, indicating a trip taking that length of time
    四 (よっ)日 (か)道 (じ)
    yokka-ji
    a trip of four days, a four-day-long trip

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
道
みち
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Originally a compound of 御 (mi, honorific prefix) +‎ 道 (chi, “road, street, way”).[3] The prefix mi was in reference to the 神 (kami, “god or spirit”) of roads.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

道 (hiragana みち, rōmaji michi)

  1. a way, a street, a road, an alley, a path, a pass for local traffic
    道 (みち)を歩 (ある)く
    michi o aruku
    to walk down a road
  2. (figuratively) a road, a path
    勝 (しょう)利 (り)への道 (みち)
    shōri e no michi
    the path to victory
  3. a way of doing something
    使 (つか)い道 (みち)がわからないもの
    tsukaimichi ga wakaranai mono
    something whose method of usage is not known
Usage notes

This is the most common term for “road”, “street”, or “way” in modern Japanese.

Derived terms

Proper noun

道 (hiragana みち, rōmaji Michi)

  1. A female given name
  2. A surname​.

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
道
Grade: 2
Irregular

Used as ateji in various names.

Proper noun

道 (hiragana おさむ, rōmaji Osamu)

  1. A male given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana すすむ, rōmaji Susumu)

  1. A male given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana たお, rōmaji Tao)

  1. A female given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana ただし, rōmaji Tadashi)

  1. A male given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana ただす, rōmaji Tadasu)

  1. A male given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana どうざき, rōmaji Dōzaki)

  1. A surname​.

Proper noun

道 (hiragana とおる, rōmaji Tōru)

  1. A female given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana なおし, rōmaji Naoshi)

  1. A male given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana ふみ, rōmaji Fumi)

  1. A female given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana まこと, rōmaji Makoto)

  1. A male given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana みちざき, rōmaji Michizaki)

  1. A surname​.

Proper noun

道 (hiragana みちひろ, rōmaji Michihiro)

  1. A male given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana もとい, rōmaji Motoi)

  1. A male given name

Proper noun

道 (hiragana わたる, rōmaji Wataru)

  1. A male given name

References

  1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 1 2 3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja

道 • (do)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 도 (McCune–Reischauer: to, Yale: to)
    • Name (hangeul): 길

A road

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

道 (đạo, dạo, nhạo)

  1. way (to behave)
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