準

See also: 准 and 凖

準	U+6E96, 準 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E96

← 溕
[U+6E95]

CJK Unified Ideographs

溗 →
[U+6E97]

Translingual

Han character

準 (radical 85 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水土十 (EGJ), four-corner 3040₁, composition ⿱淮十)

References

KangXi: page 639, character 24

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17934

Dae Jaweon: page 1046, character 15

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1700, character 5

Unihan data for U+6E96

Chinese

trad.		準
simp.		准^*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (隼) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
隼	*sqʰʷinʔ
榫	*sqʰʷinʔ
准	*qʷjinʔ
準	qʷjinʔ, qʷjed

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qʷjinʔ, *qʷjed) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 隼 (OC *sqʰʷinʔ).

Original meaning was “water level”.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǔn (zhun³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zeon², zyut³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chún
Min Dong (BUC): cūng
Min Nan (POJ): chún
Wu (Wiktionary): tsen (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhǔn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄣˇ
  - Wade–Giles: chun³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: joen
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zeon², zyut³
  - Yale: jéun, jyut
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen², dzyt⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: zên², jud³
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕɵn³⁵/, /t͡ɕyːt̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chún
  - Hakka Romanization System: zun`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zun³
  - IPA: /t͡sun³¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cūng
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡suŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chún
  - Tâi-lô: tsún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuon
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sun⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sun⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sun⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sun⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sun⁴¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsen (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡səɲ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiuɪn^X/, /t͡ɕiuᴇt̚/▼

Rime
Character	準	準
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)	薛 (82)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	之尹切	職悅切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiuɪn^X/	/t͡ɕiuᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʷin^X/	/t͡ɕʷiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjuen^X/	/t͡ɕjuæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cwin^X/	/cwiat̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuĕn^X/	/t͡ɕiuɛt̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuĕn^X/	/t͡ɕĭuɛt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uĕn^X/	/t͡ɕi̯wɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǔn	zhuo

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*turʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʷjinʔ/, /*qʷjed/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	準
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhǔn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsywin^X ›
Old Chinese	/*turʔ/
English	water-level
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	準	準
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	12189	12190
Phonetic component	隼	隼
Rime group	眞	月
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	準	拙
Old Chinese	/*qʷjinʔ/	/*qʷjed/
Notes		通出頁見漢書

Definitions

準

standard; criterion; norm
- 標準／标准 (biāozhǔn, “standard, norm”)
- 準則／准则 (zhǔnzé, “standard, norm”)
- 基準／基准 (jīzhǔn, “norm, reference frame”)
accurate; exact
- 這塊手錶很準。 / 这块手表很准。 ― Zhè kuài shǒubiǎo hěn zhǔn. ― This watch keeps time very well.
- 他的槍法真準，一個移動靶都沒有漏射。 [MSC, trad.]
  他的枪法真准，一个移动靶都没有漏射。 [MSC, simp.]
  Tā de qiāngfǎ zhēn zhǔn, yī ge yídòng bǎ dōu méi yǒu lòu shè. [Pinyin]
  He is good with a gun, he doesn't miss any moving target.
certainly; surely
- 那準不對。 / 那准不对。 ― Nà zhǔn bù duì. ― That is definitely wrong.
- 他準是開玩笑,要不就是瘋了。 [MSC, trad.]
  他准是开玩笑,要不就是疯了。 [MSC, simp.]
  Tā zhǔn shì kāiwánxiào, yàobù jiù shì fēng le. [Pinyin]
  He must be joking or else he's mad.
quasi-; pene-; para-

Compounds

Derived terms from 準

一準／一准
三準／三准
不作準／不作准
不準／不准 (bùzhǔn)
不當準／不当准
低標準／低标准
侵蝕基準／侵蚀基准
價值標準／价值标准
合準／合准
國家標準／国家标准 (guójiā biāozhǔn)
國際水準／国际水准
國際準備／国际准备
基準／基准 (jīzhǔn)
基準兵／基准兵
基準面／基准面
基準點／基准点 (jīzhǔndiǎn)
定準／定准
對準／对准 (duìzhǔn)
平準／平准
平準基金／平准基金
憑準／凭准
抱負水準／抱负水准
推情準理／推情准理
文化水準／文化水准
有準兒／有准儿
校準／校准 (jiàozhǔn)
標準／标准 (biāozhǔn)

標準元音／标准元音
標準制／标准制
標準動作／标准动作
標準字體／标准字体
標準時／标准时 (biāozhǔnshí)
標準時區／标准时区
標準時間／标准时间 (biāozhǔn shíjiān)
標準桿／标准杆
標準舞／标准舞
標準語／标准语 (biāozhǔnyǔ)
標準鏡頭／标准镜头
標準音／标准音
水準／水准 (shuǐzhǔn)
水準儀／水准仪
水準器／水准器 (shuǐzhǔnqì)
水準測量／水准测量
沒有準兒／没有准儿
沒準／没准
沒準兒／没准儿
沒準頭／没准头
準保／准保
準備／准备 (zhǔnbèi)
準備金／准备金 (zhǔnbèijīn)
準兒／准儿
準則／准则 (zhǔnzé)
準平原／准平原
準式／准式

準據／准据
準擬／准拟
準星／准星 (zhǔnxīng)
準時／准时 (zhǔnshí)
準的／准的
準確／准确 (zhǔnquè)
準確度／准确度 (zhǔnquèdù)
準線／准线 (zhǔnxiàn)
準繩／准绳 (zhǔnshéng)
準話／准话
準譜兒／准谱儿
準貨幣／准货币
準頭／准头
準點／准点
生活水準／生活水准 (shēnghuó shuǐzhǔn)
看準／看准
瞄準／瞄准 (miáozhǔn)
精準／精准
職業水準／职业水准
蜂準／蜂准
規矩準繩／规矩准绳
認準／认准
隆準／隆准
音準／音准
高標準／高标准
鵝準／鹅准
鼻準／鼻准 (bízhǔn)

Japanese

Kanji

準

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Goon: しゅん (shun); せち (sechi)
Kan’on: しゅん (shun); せつ (setsu)
Kan’yōon: じゅん (jun, Jōyō)
Kun: ひとしい (hitoshī, 準); みずもり (mizumori, 準); のり (nori, 準)

Compounds

準 (じゅん)星 (せい) (junsei): quasar
準 (じゅん)備 (び) (junbi): preparations
水準 (すいじゅん) (suijun): level
標 (ひょう)準 (じゅん) (hyōjun): standard
基 (き)準 (じゅん) (kijun): basis

Proper noun

準 (hiragana ひとし, rōmaji Hitoshi)

A male given name

Korean

Hanja

準 • (jun, jeol) (hangeul 준, 절, revised jun, jeol, McCune–Reischauer chun, chŏl, Yale cwun, cel)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

準 (chuẩn, choán, chốn, chủn, trúng, trốn)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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