am

See also: Appendix:Variations of "am"

Translingual

Symbol

am

(metrology) Symbol for the attometer (attometre), an SI unit of length equal to 10⁻¹⁸ meters (metres).

English

Etymology

From Middle English am, em, from Old English eam, eom (“am”), from Proto-Germanic *immi, *izmi ("am"; a form of the verb *wesaną (“to be; dwell”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“I am, I exist”). Cognate with Old Norse em, emi (“am”), Gothic 𐌹𐌼 (im, “am”), Latin sum (“am”), Ancient Greek εἰμί (eimí), Albanian jam (“I am”), Sanskrit अस्मि (ásmi), Latvian esmu (“(I) am”), esam (“we are”).

Pronunciation

(stressed) IPA^(key): /æm/
(unstressed) IPA^(key): /əm/
Audio (US) (file)
Rhymes: -æm

Verb

am

first-person singular present indicative of be

Adverb

am (not comparable)

Alternative spelling of a.m.

Anagrams

-ma-, M&A, M.A., MA, Ma, ma

Aromanian

Alternative forms

amu

Etymology

The verb as a whole derives from forms of the Latin habeō, habēre. The first-person present singular form am(u), along with some other inflected forms, may have been analogical constructions (in this case, from an old form (aemu) of first-person plural (now avem)), or influenced by nearby languages. Compare Daco-Romanian avea, am; cf. also Albanian kam (“I have”). The third-person singular present indicative, ari, may have derived from Latin haberet.

Verb

am (third-person singular present indicative ari/are, imperfect aveam, simple perfect avui, past participle avutã)

I have.
I own.
(auxiliary, with past participles) I have...

Related terms

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic	ам
Roman	am
Perso-Arabic	آم‎

Noun

am (definite accusative amı, plural amlar)

(vulgar) cunt

Declension

Declension of am

	singular	plural
nominative	am	amlar
definite accusative	amı	amları
dative	ama	amlara
locative	amda	amlarda
ablative	amdan	amlardan
definite genitive	amın	amların

Possessive forms of am

	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	amım	amlarım
sənin (“your”)	amın	amların
onun (“his/her/its”)	amı	amları
bizim (“our”)	amımız	amlarımız
sizin (“your”)	amınız	amlarınız
onların (“their”)	amı	amları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	amımı	amlarımı
sənin (“your”)	amını	amlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	amını	amlarını
bizim (“our”)	amımızı	amlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	amınızı	amlarınızı
onların (“their”)	amını	amlarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	amıma	amlarıma
sənin (“your”)	amına	amlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	amına	amlarına
bizim (“our”)	amımıza	amlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	amınıza	amlarınıza
onların (“their”)	amına	amlarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	amımda	amlarımda
sənin (“your”)	amında	amlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	amında	amlarında
bizim (“our”)	amımızda	amlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	amınızda	amlarınızda
onların (“their”)	amında	amlarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	amımdan	amlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	amından	amlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	amından	amlarından
bizim (“our”)	amımızdan	amlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	amınızdan	amlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	amından	amlarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	amımın	amlarımın
sənin (“your”)	amının	amlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	amının	amlarının
bizim (“our”)	amımızın	amlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	amınızın	amlarınızın
onların (“their”)	amının	amlarının

Chuukese

Pronoun

am

First-person plural exclusive pronoun; us (exclusive)

German

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /am/
audio (file)
Rhymes: -am

Contraction

am (+ adjective ending with -en + masculine or neuter noun)

an + dem, at the, on the
am Ende ― at the end

am Rande ― on the margin(s)

am Leben ― alive
auf + dem, on the, at the
am Berg ― on the mountain

am Fest ― at the festival

am Schirm ― on the screen
Forms the superlative in adverbial and predicate use.
am schnellsten ― fastest

Er spielt am besten.
He plays best.

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish amm (“point of time”).

Pronunciation

(Munster) IPA^(key): /aumˠ/
(Galway) IPA^(key): /ɑːmˠ/, /amˠ/
(Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /amˠ/

Noun

am m (genitive singular ama, nominative plural amanna or amanta)

time
1. measured time
2. point of time, occasion
3. usual, set, time
4. due, proper, time
5. scheduled time
6. opportune, inopportune, time
7. available time
8. season
9. portion of time, period
10. time of life
11. span of life
12. time of gestation
13. time of death
14. person's experience at particular time.
15. (general, adverbial, usages, an t-am) when

Declension

Declension of am

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	am	amanna
Vocative	a am	a amanna
Genitive	ama	amanna
Dative	am	amanna

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an t-am	na hamanna
Genitive	an ama	na n-amanna
Dative	leis an am don am	leis na hamanna

Alternative declension

Declension of am

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	am	amanta
Vocative	a am	a amanta
Genitive	ama	amanta
Dative	am	amanta

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an t-am	na hamanta
Genitive	an ama	na n-amanta
Dative	leis an am don am	leis na hamanta

Derived terms

Terms derived from am

amchrios (“time zone”)
am eile, am éigin eile (“another, some other, time”)
am lóin (“lunch-time”)
am luí (“bedtime”)
am na gréine (“the time by the sun”)
am na réaltaí (“sidereal time”)
amscála (“time scale”)
an t-am de lá (“the time of day”)
an t-am luath, an t-am nua (“summer-time”)
an t-am mall (“old time”)

an t-am seo inné (“this time yesterday”)
bileog ama (“timesheet”)
buama ama (“time bomb”)
Cén t-am é? Cad é an t-am atá sé? (“What time is it?”)
clár ama (“timetable”)
clásal ama (“temporal clause”)
faoin am seo (“by this time”)
freangadh ama (“time warp”)
in am agus in an-am (“in and out of season”)
(in) am ar bith (“at any time”)

in am go leor (“time enough”)
in aon am (“at one time; together”)
i rith an ama, ar feadh an ama (“all the time”)
leabhar ama (“time-book”)
le ham, tríd am (“in course of time”)
ó am go ham (“from time to time”)
pointe ama (“point in time”)
san am céanna, ag an am céanna (“at the same time”)
sceideal ama
sprioc-am (“set time; deadline”)

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

dom, dom'

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /əmˠ/

Contraction

am (triggers lenition)

(colloquial, dialectal) Contraction of do mo.

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

im, 'mo

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /əmˠ/

Contraction

am (triggers lenition)

(colloquial, dialectal) Contraction of i mo.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
am	n-am	ham	t-am
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Kofyar

Etymology

Related to Gerka ram (“water”).

Noun

am

water

References

Takács, Gábor (1999-2008) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201:
[…] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:

(1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: […] Kfy. am [Ntg. 1967, 1], […]

Lagwan

Noun

am

water

References

Takács, Gábor (1999-2008) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201:
[…] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:

(1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: […] Lgn. a̲m [Mch.] = àm (pl.) [Lks.] = ˀàm [Bouny] = ˀàm [Bouny 1975 MS, 5, #58], Bdm. amaii "water", amai "rain" [Talbot 1911, 252] […]

Luxembourgish

Contraction

am

contraction of an + dem; in the

Malalí

Noun

am

earth

References

Robert Gordon Latham, Elements of Comparative Philology
Martius, Beiträge zur Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde Brasiliens

Middle English

Pronoun

am

Alternative form of hem

References

“hem, (pron.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 12 June 2018.

Middle Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *ambi (compare Old Irish imb), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi. Cognate with Latin ambi-, Sanskrit अभि (abhí, “towards, over, upon”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 (abiy, “towards, against, upon”), Old High German umbi, Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “about, around”) and the first part of Old Armenian ամբ-ողջ (amb-ołǰ, “whole”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /am/

Preposition

am (triggers lenition)

Inflection

first-person singular: amdanaf
second-person singular: amdanat
third-person singular masculine: amdanaw, ymdanaw, ymdanw
third-person singular feminine: amdanei

Derived terms

am pen (“upon”)
gwiscaw am (“to put on (clothes etc.)”)
y am (“off; apart from”)

Mwaghavul

Etymology

Related to Gerka ram (“water”).

Noun

àm

water

References

Zygmunt Frajzyngier, A Grammar of Mupun (1993)
Václav Blažek, A Lexicostatistical comparison of Omotic languages, in In Hot Pursuit of Language in Prehistory: Essays in the four fields of anthropology, page 122
Takács, Gábor (1999-2008) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201:
[…] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:

(1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: […] Sura àm "Wasser, Flüssigkeit" [Jng. 1963, 58], Mpn. àm [Frj. 1991, 3], […]

Ngas

Etymology

Related to Gerka ram (“water”).

Noun

am

water
rain

References

Takács, Gábor (1999-2008) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201:
[…] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:

(1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: […] Angas am "1. water, 2. rain" [Ormsby 1914, 314-315] = am "water (to drink of wash with)" [Flk. 1915, 143] = […]

Nigerian Pidgin

Pronoun

am

him/her/it
- 1960, Chinua Achebe, No Longer at Ease, page 85:
  Where you pick am?

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

am

imperative of amme

Old English

Verb

am

(Northumbria) first-person singular present indicative of wesan

References

17, Skeat, Walter Wiliams 'The Gospel according to Saint Luke: in Anglo-Saxon and Northumbrian versions synoptically'

Old Irish

Verb

am

first-person singular present indicative of is

Pero

Noun

ám

water

References

Zygmunt Frajzyngier, A grammar of Pero (1989)

Pumpokol

Noun

am

mother

Romanian

Etymology 1

Inflected form of avea. Probably an analogical construction based on the old first-person plural or perhaps influenced by similar forms in other languages^[1]. Compare Aromanian am(u); cf. also Albanian kam (“I have”).

Verb

am

first-person singular present indicative of avea
(I) have
first-person singular present subjunctive of avea

Etymology 2

From old Romanian amu, presumably from an earlier (proto-) Romanian form aemu (attested in Aromanian), from Latin habēmus. The original first-person singular in proto-Romanian was aibu, from Latin habeō, but was changed to am(u) by analogy with the first-person plural. The form with -v- (avem) in the present form of the verb's main conjugation (as opposed to its use in this form as an auxiliary verb) may have been remade by analogy with avut^[2]; am may also be seen as a reduced, clitic form of avem^[3]. See also ați, which has a parallel development.

Verb

am

(eu) am (modal auxiliary, first-person singular form of avea, used with past participles to form perfect compus tenses)
(I) have...
Eu am câștigat meciul.
I have won the match.
(noi) am (modal auxiliary, first-person plural form of avea, used with past participles to form perfect compus tenses)
(we) have...
Noi am fost la biserică duminică.
We have been to church on Sunday.

Related terms

ai
a
ați
au

Etymology 3

Presumably from a Vulgar Latin *eamus, from Latin habēbāmus.

Verb

am

(noi) am (modal auxiliary, first-person plural form of avea, used with infinitives to form conditional tenses)
(we) would

Related terms

References

Scottish Gaelic

Pronoun

am

their

Usage notes

This form is used before nouns beginning with b, f, m or p.

Article

am

the

Usage notes

This form is used in the singular nominative before masculine nouns beginning with b, f, m or p.

Spanish

Adverb

am

a.m. (before noon)

Antonyms

pm

Tangale

Noun

am

water

References

Takács, Gábor (1999-2008) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201:
[…] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:

(1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: […] Tng. am [Jng.], […]
Václav Blažek, A Lexicostatitical comparison of Omotic languages, in In Hot Pursuit of Language in Prehistory: Essays in the four fields of anthropology, page 122

Turkish

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *(i)am (“vulva”).

Noun

am (definite accusative amı, plural amlar)

(slang, vulgar) cunt (genitalia)

Declension

Inflection

Nominative

am

Definite accusative

amı

Singular

Plural

Nominative

am

Definite accusative

Dative

amlara

Locative

amda

amlarda

Ablative

amdan

amlardan

Genitive

amın

amların

Possessive forms
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	amım	amlarım
2nd singular	amın	amların
3rd singular	amı	amları
1st plural	amımız	amlarımız
2nd plural	amınız	amlarınız
3rd plural	amları	amları

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔaːm˧˧]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔaːm˧˧]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ʔaːm˧˧]

Noun

(classifier cái) am

small Buddhist temple, small pagoda, hermitage, secluded hut, cottage

War-Jaintia

Noun

am

water

Reference

Jeremy Brightbill, Amy Kim, Seung Kim, The War-Jaintia in Bangladesh: a sociolinguistic survey, SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2007-013: 153, page 58

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh am, from Proto-Celtic *ambi (compare Old Irish imb), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi. Cognate with Latin ambi-, Sanskrit अभि (abhí, “towards, over, upon”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 (abiy, “towards, against, upon”), Old High German umbi, Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “about, around”) and the first part of Old Armenian ամբ-ողջ (amb-ołǰ, “whole”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /am/

Preposition

am (triggers soft mutation)

for, in exchange for
(time) at
(with siarad, sôn, or meddwl) about, concerning

Inflection

Personal forms

	Singular	Plural
First person	amdana i	amdanon ni
Second person	amdanat ti	amdanoch chi
Third person	amdano fe/fo m amdani hi f	amdanyn nhw

Derived terms

am byth (“forever”)
bod am (“to want”)

Yucatec Maya

Noun

am (plural amoʼob)

spider, arachnid

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	singular	plural
1st person	ngaang, nganga, ngang	áám, am (exclusive) kiich, kich (inclusive)
2nd person	een, en	áámi, ami
3rd person	iiy, i	iir, ir

am

Translingual

Symbol

English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

See also

Adverb

Anagrams

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Verb

Related terms

Azerbaijani

Noun

Declension

Chuukese

Pronoun

See also

German

Pronunciation

Contraction

Irish

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Contraction

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Contraction

Mutation

Further reading

Kofyar

Etymology

Noun

References

Lagwan

Noun

References

Luxembourgish

Contraction

Malalí

Noun

References

Middle English

Pronoun

References

Middle Welsh

Etymology

Pronunciation

Preposition

Inflection

Derived terms

Mwaghavul

Etymology

Noun

References

Ngas

Etymology

Noun

References

Nigerian Pidgin

Pronoun

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

Old English

Verb

References

Old Irish

Verb

Pero

Noun