ban
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bæn/
- Rhymes: -æn
Etymology 1
From Middle English bannen, from Old English bannan (“to summon, command, proclaim, call out”), from Proto-Germanic *bannaną (“curse, forbid”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to say”). Cognate with Dutch bannen (“to ban, exile, discard”), German bannen (“to exile, to exorcise, captivate, excommunicate”), Swedish banna (“to ban, scold”), Armenian բան (ban) and perhaps Albanian banoj (“to reside, dwell”). See also banal, abandon.
Verb
ban (third-person singular simple present bans, present participle banning, simple past and past participle banned)
- (transitive, obsolete) To summon; to call out.
- (transitive) To anathematize; to pronounce an ecclesiastical curse upon; to place under a ban.
- (transitive) To curse; to execrate.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Spenser to this entry?)
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Sir Walter Scott to this entry?)
- (transitive) To prohibit; to interdict; to proscribe; to forbid or block from participation.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Byron to this entry?)
- 2011 December 14, Steven Morris, “Devon woman jailed for 168 days for killing kitten in microwave”, in Guardian:
- Jailing her on Wednesday, magistrate Liz Clyne told Robins: "You have shown little remorse either for the death of the kitten or the trauma to your former friend Sarah Knutton." She was also banned from keeping animals for 10 years.
- 2013 August 10, “A new prescription”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:
- No sooner has a [synthetic] drug been blacklisted than chemists adjust their recipe and start churning out a subtly different one. These “legal highs” are sold for the few months it takes the authorities to identify and ban them, and then the cycle begins again.
- Bare feet are banned in this establishment.
- (transitive) To curse; to utter curses or maledictions.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations
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Noun
ban (plural bans)
- prohibition
- Milton
- under ban to touch
- Milton
- A public proclamation or edict; a summons by public proclamation. Chiefly, in early use, a summons to arms.
- Bans is common and ordinary amongst the Feudists, and signifies a proclamation, or any public notice.
- The gathering of the (French) king's vassals for war; the whole body of vassals so assembled, or liable to be summoned; originally, the same as arrière-ban: in the 16th c., French usage created a distinction between ban and arrière-ban, for which see the latter word.
- He has sent abroad to assemble his ban and arriere ban.
- The Ban and the Arrierban are met armed in the field to choose a king.
- France was at such a Pinch..that they call'd their Ban and Arriere Ban, the assembling whereof had been long discussed, and in a manner antiquated.
- The ban was sometimes convoked, that is, the possessors of the fiefs were called upon for military services.
- The act of calling together the vassals in armed array, was entitled ‘convoking the ban.
- (obsolete) A curse or anathema.
- Shakespeare
- Hecate's ban
- Shakespeare
- A pecuniary mulct or penalty laid upon a delinquent for offending against a ban, such as a mulct paid to a bishop by one guilty of sacrilege or other crimes.
Related terms
- black ban
- total fire ban
Translations
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See also
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Romanian ban of uncertain origin, perhaps from Serbo-Croatian bân.
Noun
ban (plural bani)
- A subdivision of currency, equal to one hundredth of a Romanian leu
- A subdivision of currency, equal to one hundredth of a Moldovan leu
Translations
Etymology 3
From Banburismus; coined by Alan Turing.
Noun
ban (plural bans)
- A unit measuring information or entropy based on base-ten logarithms, rather than the base-two logarithms that define the bit.
Synonyms
Derived terms
See also
Etymology 4
From South Slavic ban (compare Serbo-Croatian bȃn), from Proto-Slavic *banъ; see there for more.
Noun
ban (plural bans)
- A title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century.
Related terms
Translations
Anagrams
Bambara
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [bã˦]
Verb
ban
- to finish
References
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɑn
Etymology 1
Noun
ban m (plural bannen)
- excommunication, denunciation
- anathema which is cast upon one who is excommunicated
- magic spell
- (archaic) exile
Verb
ban
Etymology 2
Likely borrowed from the English noun ban and verb banning.
Noun
ban m (plural bans)
- a revocation of permission to access or participate
- Synonym: toegangsverbod
- De forumgebruiker die zich heeft misdragen heeft een ban gekregen.
- The forum user that misbehaved has been given a ban.
Verb
ban
Usage notes
Mostly common within internet communities. Although a ban never needs to be paid for, ban may be used with gratis (gratis ban) similar to English free ban to express gratitude for giving the ban.
- I gave that asshole a free ban.
French
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old French ban, from Frankish *ban.
Noun
ban m (plural bans)
- (dated) public declaration
- (dated) announcement of a marriage
- (East of France, Belgium) territory
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian bȃn. See English ban.
Noun
ban m (plural bans)
- ban (nobleman)
Further reading
- “ban” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Haitian Creole
Verb
ban
Synonyms
Iberian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ban]
Numeral
ban
Further reading
- Eduardo Orduña [Aznar], Los numerales ibéricos y el protovasco
- Joan Ferrer i Jané, El sistema de numerales ibérico: avances en su conocimiento
Indonesian
Etymology
Noun
ban
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ban]
Noun
ban f pl
- genitive plural of bean
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| ban | bhan | mban |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- "ban" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
Japanese
Romanization
ban
Kurdish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbɑːn/
Noun
ban ?
Maguindanao
Noun
ban
Mandarin
Romanization
ban
Usage notes
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Mapudungun
Noun
ban (using Raguileo Alphabet)
Verb
ban (using Raguileo Alphabet)
Conjugation
| Infinitive | ban | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Root | ba- | ||||||||
| Tense particles (See particles) |
-a- (future tense) | ||||||||
| -pe- (past tense) | |||||||||
| -fu- (distant past tense) | |||||||||
| person | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| Realis mood | iñce | eymi | fey | iñciw | eymu | feygu | iñciñ | eymvn | feygvn |
| ban | baymi | bay | bayu | baymu | baygu | bayiñ | baymvn | baygvn | |
| Conditional mood | iñce | eymi | fey | iñciw | eymu | feygu | iñciñ | eymvn | feygvn |
| bali | balimi | bale | baliyu | balimu | bale egu | baliyiñ | balimvn | bale egvn | |
| Volitive mood | iñce | eymi | fey | iñciw | eymu | feygu | iñciñ | eymvn | feygvn |
| baci | bage | bape | bayu | bamu | bape egu | bayiñ | bamvn | bape egvn | |
References
- Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
Norwegian Bokmål
Verb
ban
- imperative of bane (Etymology 3)
O'odham
Noun
ban (plural ba꞉ban)
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *bainą. Cognate with Old Frisian bēn (West Frisian bien), Old Saxon bēn (Low German been, bein), Dutch been (“bone, leg”), Old High German bein (German Bein (“leg”)), Old Norse bein (Icelandic bein (“bone”)).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɑːn/
Noun
bān n (nominative plural bān)
Derived terms
Descendants
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- baán
Verb
ban
- first-person plural imperative of is
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ban̪/
audio (file)
Etymology 1
Noun
ban m anim
- ban (a subdivision of currency)
Declension
Etymology 2
Noun
ban m anim
- ban (on the Internet)
Declension
Derived terms
- banować
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian ban, from Turkish bajan.
Noun
ban m pers
- ban (title)
Declension
Further reading
- ban in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
Etymology
Unknown.
Noun
ban m (plural bani)
Usage notes
Usually used in the plural form, bani
Declension
See also
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Late Proto-Slavic *banъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bâːn/
- Rhymes: -âːn
Noun
bȃn m (Cyrillic spelling ба̑н)
- ban (title)
Declension
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ɓaːn˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ɓaːŋ˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ɓaːŋ˧˧]
Etymology 1
Sino-Vietnamese word from 班.
Noun
ban
- (historical) branch of administration in the feudal court (of which there are two types: the civil administrators and the martial office holders)
- group (of people doing the same work); band; board; squad; committee
- shift; work period
- (only in compounds) time period; section of the day
- Synonym: buổi
- (dated) (college-level) subject; (academic) department
Etymology 2
Noun
Etymology 3
Sino-Vietnamese word from 斑.
Noun
ban
Etymology 4
Noun
ban
Etymology 5
Noun
ban
- (colloquial) Alternative form of pan
Etymology 6
Sino-Vietnamese word from 頒.
Verb
ban
Volapük
Etymology
Noun
ban (plural bans)
Declension
Derived terms
Welsh
Etymology
From Proto-Brythonic *bann, from Proto-Celtic *bandā.
Noun
ban m (plural bannau or bannoedd)
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| ban | fan | man | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Zazaki
Noun
ban