喪

See also: 丧
喪 U+55AA, 喪
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55AA
← 喩
[U+55A9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 喫 →
[U+55AB]

Translingual

Han character

喪 (radical 30, 口+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土口口女 (GRRV), four-corner 40732)

References

  • KangXi: page 200, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3985
  • Dae Jaweon: page 421, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 650, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+55AA

Chinese

trad. 喪
simp. 丧
alt. forms 䘮

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 喪
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
忙 *maːŋ
芒 *maːŋ, *maŋ
茫 *maːŋ
恾 *maːŋ
吂 *maːŋ, *maːŋs
汒 *maːŋ, *maŋs
朚 *maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙 *maːŋ, *maŋ
杗 *maːŋ, *maŋ
荒 *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs
肓 *hmaːŋ
衁 *hmaːŋ
巟 *hmaːŋ
詤 *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌 *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ
謊 *hmaːŋʔ
喪 *smaːŋs, *smaːŋ
亡 *maŋ
望 *maŋ, *maŋs
莣 *maŋ
朢 *maŋ, *maŋs
鋩 *maŋ
硭 *maŋ
忘 *maŋ, *maŋs
网 *mlaŋʔ
罔 *mlaŋʔ
蛧 *maŋʔ
網 *mlaŋʔ
輞 *maŋʔ
棢 *maŋʔ
惘 *maŋʔ
菵 *maŋʔ
誷 *maŋʔ
魍 *maŋʔ
妄 *maŋs
盲 *mraːŋ
蝱 *mraːŋ
虻 *mraːŋ
氓 *mraːŋ
甿 *mraːŋ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : semantic 哭 (“cry”) + phonetic 亾.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ma (“not”). Cognate with 亡 (OC *maŋ, “to disappear”). The level-toned pronunciation has a nominal prefix *s-, lit. "circumstances associated with disappearance (death)", whereas the departing-toned pronunciation has a formally identical causative prefix *s- and an exoactive suffix *-s, lit. "to cause to disappear".

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • song - literary;
  • sng - vernacular.
Rime
Character 喪
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 息郎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /sɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /sɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /saŋ/
Li
Rong		 /sɑŋ/
Wang
Li		 /sɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /sɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 sāng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 喪
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 sāng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s-mˤaŋ/
English mourning, burial

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 喪
Reading # 2/2
No. 12661
Phonetic
component		 亡
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 桑
Old
Chinese		 /*smaːŋ/

Definitions

喪

  1. mourning; funeral ceremony
  2. corpse; dead body
  3. misfortune; misadventure
  4. to mourn; to be in mourning
  5. to grieve over the death of

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 喪
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇浪切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /sɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /sɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /saŋH/
Li
Rong		 /sɑŋH/
Wang
Li		 /sɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /sɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 sàng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 喪
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 sàng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sangH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s-mˤaŋ-s/
English lose; destroy

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 喪
Reading # 1/2
No. 12660
Phonetic
component		 亡
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 喪
Old
Chinese		 /*smaːŋs/
Notes 說文從亡亡亦聲，甲文借桑字金文始加亡

Definitions

喪

  1. to forfeit; to lose; to be deprived of
  2. to die; to pass away
  3. to be defeated; to be destroyed; to perish
  4. to escape; to flee
  5. to forget; to fail to remember
  6. to be discouraged; to lose heart

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

喪

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. mourning
  2. loss

Readings

Korean

Hanja

喪 • (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune–Reischauer sang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

喪 (tang, táng, tảng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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