巧

巧 U+5DE7, 巧
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DE7
← 左
[U+5DE6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 巨 →
[U+5DE8]

Translingual

Han character

巧 (radical 48, 工+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一一女尸 (MMVS), four-corner 11127, composition ⿰工丂)

References

  • KangXi: page 325, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8721
  • Dae Jaweon: page 628, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 412, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5DE7

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 巧

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (丂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
丂 *kʰluːʔ
攷 *kʰluːʔ
考 *kʰluːʔ
烤 *kʰluːʔ
拷 *kʰluːʔ
栲 *kʰluːʔ
洘 *kʰluːʔ
銬 *kʰluːs
巧 *kʰruːʔ, *kʰruːs
朽 *qʰluʔ

Pronunciation

Note:
  • haau2 - literary;
  • kiu2 - vernacular variant (“skillful; opportune”, also written as 竅).
Note:
  • khá - vernacular (“rare but exquisite; fake; cunning”);
  • khiáu - vernacular (“ingenious; cunning; skillful; pretty”);
  • kháu - literary.
Rime
Character 巧 巧
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 溪 (29) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 肴 (90) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II II
Fanqie 苦絞切 苦敎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰˠauX/ /kʰˠauH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰᵚauX/ /kʰᵚauH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰauX/ /kʰauH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰaɨwX/ /kʰaɨwH/
Li
Rong		 /kʰauX/ /kʰauH/
Wang
Li		 /kʰauX/ /kʰauH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰauX/ /kʰauH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qiǎo qiào
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 巧
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qiǎo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khæwX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[kʰ]ˤruʔ/
English artful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 巧 巧
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 7410 7411
Phonetic
component		 丂 丂
Rime
group		 幽 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 巧 敲
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰruːʔ/ /*kʰruːs/

Definitions

巧

  1. skill; technique
  2. ingenious; skillful
  3. hypocritical; fake; cunning
  4. exquisite; elaborate
  5. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou Min Nan) pretty; beautiful
  6. opportune; coincidental
    真是太巧了！  ―  Zhēnshì tài qiǎo le!  ―  What a coincidence!
  7. fortunately; by chance
  8. (Hefei Mandarin) cheap
  9. A surname​.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 便宜 (“cheap”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 便宜、低廉
Mandarin Beijing 便宜、賤
Taiwan 便宜
Jinan 便宜、賤
Xi'an 便宜、賤
Wuhan 便宜、相因
Chengdu 相因、便宜
Yangzhou 便宜、划廉
Hefei 巧、便宜
Cantonese Guangzhou 平
Hong Kong 平
Taishan 平
Yangjiang 平、平宜
Gan Nanchang 便宜
Hakka Meixian 便宜、平
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 便宜
Liudui (S. Sixian) 便宜
Hsinchu (Hailu) 便宜
Dongshi (Dabu) 便宜
Zhuolan (Raoping) 便宜
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 便宜
Jin Taiyuan 便宜、賤
Min Bei Jian'ou 便宜
Min Dong Fuzhou 便宜
Matsu 便宜
Min Nan Xiamen 俗、便宜
Quanzhou 俗、便宜
Zhangzhou 俗、便宜
Taipei 俗、便宜
Kaohsiung 俗、便宜
Penang 便宜
Philippines (Manila) 俗
Chaozhou 便
Wu Shanghai 𠼢、便宜
Suzhou 便宜、𠼢
Wenzhou 倯、便宜
Xiang Changsha 便宜
Shuangfeng 便宜、賤
Dialectal synonyms of 聰明 (“clever; intelligent; smart; bright”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 聰明、伶俐、聰敏、聰穎
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 聰明、機靈、伶俐、聰敏、聰穎、聰慧
Mandarin Beijing 聰明
Taiwan 聰明
Jinan 聰明
Xi'an 靈、靈醒
Wuhan 聰明
Chengdu 精靈、聰明
Yangzhou 聰明
Hefei 聰明
Cantonese Guangzhou 聰明、醒、醒目、叻
Hong Kong 聰明、醒、醒目、叻
Yangjiang 伶俐、叻
Gan Nanchang 精靈、聰明
Hakka Meixian 聰明、機靈
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 聰明
Liudui (S. Sixian) 聰明
Hsinchu (Hailu) 聰明
Dongshi (Dabu) 聰明、精
Zhuolan (Raoping) 聰明、精
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 聰明
Jin Taiyuan 機靈、聰明
Min Bei Jian'ou 聰明
Min Dong Fuzhou 聰明
Min Nan Xiamen 聰明
Quanzhou 聰明
Zhangzhou 聰明
Taipei 聰明、巧、明白
Chaozhou 聰明
Wu Suzhou 聰明
Wenzhou 靈、聰明
Xiang Changsha 靈泛、聰明
Shuangfeng 聰明

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

巧

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. clever, skillful

Readings

Proper noun

巧 (hiragana たくみ, rōmaji Takumi)

  1. A male given name

巧 (hiragana こう, rōmaji Kō, historical hiragana かう)

  1. A male given name

Korean

Hanja

巧 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)

  1. skillful, ingenious, clever

Vietnamese

Han character

巧 (xảo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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