醒

醒	U+9192, 醒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9192

← 醑
[U+9191]

CJK Unified Ideographs

醓 →
[U+9193]

Translingual

Han character

醒 (radical 164, 酉+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一田日竹一 (MWAHM), four-corner 1661₄, composition ⿰酉星)

References

KangXi: page 1285, character 20

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39936

Dae Jaweon: page 1785, character 22

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3590, character 1

Unihan data for U+9192

Chinese

simp. and trad.		醒

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
猜	*sʰlɯː
輤	*sʰleːns
綪	sʰleːns, ʔsreːŋ
倩	sʰleːns, sʰleŋs
棈	*sʰleːns
蒨	*sʰeːns
篟	*sʰeːns
生	sʰleːŋ, sreŋs
牲	*sreŋ
笙	*sreŋ
甥	*sreŋ
鉎	sreŋ, sleːŋ
珄	*sreŋ
鼪	sreŋ, sreŋs
猩	sreŋ, seːŋ
狌	*sreŋ
眚	*sreŋʔ
貹	*sreŋs
崝	*zreːŋ
精	ʔsleŋ, ʔsleŋs
菁	*ʔsleŋ
鶄	ʔsleŋ, sʰleːŋ
蜻	ʔsleŋ, sʰleːŋ
鼱	*ʔsleŋ
婧	ʔsleŋ, zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛	ʔsleŋ, sʰleŋʔ
箐	*ʔsleŋ
聙	*ʔsleŋ
旌	*ʔsleŋ
清	*sʰleŋ
圊	*sʰleŋ
請	sʰleŋʔ, zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊	*sʰleŋs
䝼	zleŋs, zleŋ
靚	*zleŋs
情	*zleŋ
晴	*zleŋ
夝	*zleŋ
靜	*zleŋʔ
靖	*zleŋʔ
睲	seŋʔ, seːŋs
惺	seŋʔ, seːŋ
性	*sleŋs
姓	*sleŋs
靗	*l̥ʰeŋs
鯖	ʔljeŋ, sʰleːŋ
青	*sʰleːŋ
靘	sʰleːŋ, sʰleːŋs
掅	*sʰleːŋs
胜	*sleːŋ
曐	*sleːŋ
星	*sleːŋ
鮏	*sleːŋ
腥	seːŋ, seːŋs
鯹	*seːŋ
醒	seːŋ, seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂	*seːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs) : semantic 酉 (“alcohol”) + phonetic 星 (OC *sleːŋ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xǐng (xing³)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): seng², sing², sing¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siáng
Min Nan (POJ): séng / chhíⁿ / chhéⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: xǐng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˇ
  - Wade–Giles: hsing³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiing
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: seng², sing², sing¹
  - Yale: séng, síng, sīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: seng², sing², sing¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: séng², xing², xing¹
  - IPA ^(key): /sɛːŋ³⁵/, /sɪŋ³⁵/, /sɪŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

seng2 - vernacular ("to awaken");
sing2 - "clever" or literary ("to awaken");
sing1 - literary.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siáng
  - Hakka Romanization System: xiang`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiang³
  - IPA: /ɕi̯aŋ³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: séng
  - Tâi-lô: síng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seang
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕiɪŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕiɪŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhíⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tshínn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chvie
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰĩ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰĩ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhéⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tshénn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhvea
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɛ̃⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰẽ⁴¹/

Note:

séng - literary;
chhíⁿ/chhéⁿ - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: /seŋ/, /seŋ^X/, /seŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	醒	醒	醒
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	青 (125)	青 (125)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV	IV
Fanqie	桑經切	蘇挺切	蘇佞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/seŋ/	/seŋ^X/	/seŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/seŋ/	/seŋ^X/	/seŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛŋ/	/sɛŋ^X/	/sɛŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛjŋ/	/sɛjŋ^X/	/sɛjŋ^H/
Li Rong	/seŋ/	/seŋ^X/	/seŋ^H/
Wang Li	/sieŋ/	/sieŋ^X/	/sieŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/sieŋ/	/sieŋ^X/	/sieŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xīng	xǐng	xìng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tsʰˤeŋʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*seːŋ/, /*seːŋʔ/, /*seːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	醒
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xǐng
Middle Chinese	‹ seng^X ›
Old Chinese	/*s-tsʰˤeŋʔ/
English	wake up
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	醒	醒	醒
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	11377	11380	11382
Phonetic component	生	生	生
Rime group	耕	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	星	醒	腥
Old Chinese	/*seːŋ/	/*seːŋʔ/	/*seːŋs/

Definitions

醒

to sober up
to awaken; to wake up
to be awake
to decant (wine, etc.)
(Cantonese) clever; intelligent; sharp

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 聰明 (“clever; intelligent; smart; bright”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		聰明、伶俐、聰敏、聰穎
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		聰明、機靈、伶俐、聰敏、聰穎、聰慧
Mandarin	Beijing	聰明
	Taiwan	聰明
	Jinan	聰明
	Xi'an	靈、靈醒
	Wuhan	聰明
	Chengdu	精靈、聰明
	Yangzhou	聰明
	Hefei	聰明
Cantonese	Guangzhou	聰明、醒、醒目、叻
	Hong Kong	聰明、醒、醒目、叻
	Yangjiang	伶俐、叻
Gan	Nanchang	精靈、聰明
Hakka	Meixian	聰明、機靈
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	聰明
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	聰明
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	聰明
	Dongshi (Dabu)	聰明、精
	Zhuolan (Raoping)	聰明、精
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	聰明
Jin	Taiyuan	機靈、聰明
Min Bei	Jian'ou	聰明
Min Dong	Fuzhou	聰明
Min Nan	Xiamen	聰明
	Quanzhou	聰明
	Zhangzhou	聰明
	Taipei	聰明、巧、明白
	Chaozhou	聰明
Wu	Suzhou	聰明
Wu	Wenzhou	靈、聰明
Xiang	Changsha	靈泛、聰明
Xiang	Shuangfeng	聰明

Compounds

不醒
不醒人事
久夢初醒／久梦初醒
半睡半醒
叫醒 (jiàoxǐng)
叫醒服務／叫醒服务
喚醒／唤醒 (huànxǐng)
大夢初醒／大梦初醒
大覺醒／大觉醒
如夢初醒／如梦初醒
如夢方醒／如梦方醒
如醉初醒
如醉方醒
定醒

復醒／复醒
提醒 (tíxǐng)
昏迷不醒
清醒 (qīngxǐng)
猛醒
獨醒／独醒
甦醒／苏醒 (sūxǐng)
眾醉獨醒／众醉独醒
蘇醒／苏醒
覺醒／觉醒 (juéxǐng)
警醒
醒世
醒世恆言／醒世恒言
醒來／醒来 (xǐnglái)

醒悟 (xǐngwù)
醒木
醒狂
醒目 (xǐngmù)
醒眼 (xǐngyǎn)
醒睡
醒脾
醒覺／醒觉
醒豁
醒酒 (xǐngjiǔ)
醒酒石
驚醒／惊醒 (jīngxǐng)
點醒／点醒

Japanese

Kanji

醒

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

to wake up
to become sober, to be disillusioned

Readings

On (unclassified): せい (sei, Jōyō)
Kun: さめる (sameru, 醒める); さます (samasu, 醒ます)

Compounds

覚醒 (かくせい) (kakusei)
覚醒剤 (かくせいざい) (kakuseizai)
警 (けい)醒 (せい) (keisei)

Vietnamese

Han character

醒 (tỉnh)

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