夢

See also: 萝 and 梦
夢 U+5922, 夢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5922
← 夡
[U+5921] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 夣 →
[U+5923]
夢 U+2F85E, 夢
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F85E
← 多
[U+2F85D] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 奢 →
[U+2F85F]

Translingual

Japanese 夢
Simplified 梦
Traditional 夢

Alternative forms

Note that in Taiwan and Hong Kong, the character is written with 卝 on top instead of 艹, as found in the Kangxi dictionary. Traditionally, the character is listed under the radical 夕 (sunset). However, in simplified Chinese and Japanese dictionaries, the character may be listed under the radical 艹 (grass) as the 卝 (crown/hairstyle) component has been simplified to 艹.

Han character

夢 (radical 36, 夕+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿田中弓 (TWLN), four-corner 44207, composition ⿳𦭝冖夕(GJKV) or ⿱⿳卝罒冖夕(HT))

References

  • KangXi: page 247, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5801
  • Dae Jaweon: page 492, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 864, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+5922

Chinese

trad. 夢
simp. 梦

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (夢) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蘉 *maːŋ
瞢 *mɯːŋ, *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs
懜 *mɯːŋs, *mɯːŋ, *mɯŋ
懵 *mɯːŋs, *mɯːŋʔ
甍 *mrɯːŋ
薨 *hmɯːŋ
夢 *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs
鄸 *mɯŋs

Oracle bone script: Pictogram (象形) – a person lying on a bed, with restless hands.

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs) : phonetic 瞢 (OC *mɯːŋ, *mɯŋ, *mɯŋs) + semantic 夕.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • bāng - vernacular;
  • bōng - literary.
Note:
  • 3maan - vernacular;
  • 3mon - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 夢
Mandarin Beijing /məŋ⁵¹/
Harbin /məŋ⁵³/
Tianjin /məŋ⁵³/
Jinan /məŋ²¹/
Qingdao /fəŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /məŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /məŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /mə̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /məŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /mə̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /mɤŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /moŋ³⁵/
Chengdu /moŋ¹³/
Guiyang /moŋ²¹³/
Kunming /moŋ²¹²/
Nanjing /mən⁴⁴/
Hefei /məŋ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /məŋ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /məŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /mə̃ŋ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /mɑ̃²³/
/moŋ²³/
Suzhou /moŋ³¹/
Hangzhou /moŋ¹³/
Wenzhou /moŋ²²/
Hui Shexian /mʌ̃²²/
Tunxi /man¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /moŋ⁵⁵/
/moŋ¹¹/
Xiangtan /mən²¹/
Gan Nanchang /muŋ²¹/
Hakka Meixian /mu⁵³/
Taoyuan /muŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /moŋ²²/
Nanning /muŋ²²/
Hong Kong /muŋ²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /bɔŋ²²/
/baŋ²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /mɔyŋ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /mɔŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /maŋ³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan) /moŋ³⁵/
/maŋ²³/
Rime
Character 夢 夢
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 明 (4) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 東 (2) 東 (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 莫中切 莫鳳切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /mɨuŋ/ /mɨuŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /miuŋ/ /miuŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /miuŋ/ /miuŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /muwŋ/ /muwŋH/
Li
Rong		 /miuŋ/ /miuŋH/
Wang
Li		 /mĭuŋ/ /mĭuŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /mi̯uŋ/ /mi̯uŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 méng mèng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 夢
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 mèng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ mjuwngH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.məŋ-s/
English dream

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 夢 夢
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 8996 8998
Phonetic
component		 夢 夢
Rime
group		 蒸 蒸
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 瞢
Old
Chinese		 /*mɯŋ/ /*mɯŋs/

Definitions

夢

  1. dream
    做夢 / 做梦  ―  zuòmèng  ―  to dream
    發夢 / 发梦 [Cantonese]  ―  faat3 mung6 [Jyutping]  ―  to dream
  2. to dream; to have dreams
  3. (figuratively) dream; aspiration; ambition; goal
  4. visionary; imaginary; wishful
  5. A surname​.

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

夢

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. dream
  2. vision
  3. illusion

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
夢
ゆめ
Grade: 5
kun’yomi

/ime/ → /yume/

Shift from Old Japanese ime (see below).[1][2]

The /i/ → /yu/ shift is common in Middle Japanese, seen in 言う (iu → yuu, “to speak”) and 行く (iku → yuku, “to go”).

Pronunciation

Noun

夢 (hiragana ゆめ, rōmaji yume)

  1. a dream
  2. a vision (wish for the future)
  3. leaving reality to the state of lusciousness (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  4. a fantasy (idea from one's imagination)
  5. an illusion or delusion
    Synonym: 迷夢 (meimu)
  6. something fragile (Can we verify(+) this sense?)

Derived terms

Proverbs

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
夢
いめ
Grade: 5
kun’yomi

⟨i me2⟩ → */iməj/ → /ime/

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).

Originally a compound of 寝 (i, “sleep, sleeping”) + 目 (me, “eye”).

Noun

夢 (hiragana いめ, rōmaji ime)

  1. (archaic) a dream

References

  1. ↑ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ Hirayama, Tetsuo (1960) 全国アクセント辞典 (Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: 東京堂,.

Korean

Alternative forms

Hanja

夢 • (mong) (hangeul 몽)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

夢 (mộng, mọng, mống, mồng, mòng, muống)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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