倒

倒 U+5012, 倒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5012
← 們
[U+5011] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 倓 →
[U+5013]

Translingual

Han character

倒 (radical 9 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人一土弓 (OMGN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰亻到)

Derived characters

  • 𨃫, 𪝻

References

  • KangXi: page 107, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 767
  • Dae Jaweon: page 229, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 174, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5012

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 倒

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 倒
Small seal script

s05917

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (刀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
刀 *taːw
忉 *taːw
鱽 *taːw
舠 *taːw
朷 *taːw, *moːɡ
叨 *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw
倒 *taːwʔ, *taːws
到 *taːws
菿 *taːws, *rtaːwɢ
鞀 *deːw
鳭 *rteːw, *teːw
灱 *hreːw
菬 *sdew, *tjewʔ
超 *tʰew
怊 *tʰew, *tʰjew
欩 *tʰew
召 *dews, *djews
昭 *tjew
招 *tjew
鉊 *tjew
沼 *tjewʔ
照 *tjews
詔 *tjews
炤 *tjews
弨 *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ
眧 *tʰjewʔ
韶 *djew
佋 *djew, *djewʔ
軺 *djew, *lew
玿 *djew
柖 *djew
紹 *djewʔ
袑 *djewʔ
綤 *djewʔ
邵 *djews
劭 *djews
卲 *djews
刁 *teːw
芀 *teːw, *deːw
貂 *teːw
蛁 *teːw
迢 *deːw
苕 *deːw
髫 *deːw
岧 *deːw

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *taːwʔ, *taːws) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 到 (OC *taːws).

Pronunciation 1

Note: tho̍h - 踱 is also used.
Rime
Character 倒
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都晧切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tawX/
Li
Rong		 /tɑuX/
Wang
Li		 /tɑuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dǎo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 倒
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dǎo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tawX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˤawʔ/
English turn upside down (v.i.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 倒
Reading # 1/2
No. 2114
Phonetic
component		 刀
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 倒
Old
Chinese		 /*taːwʔ/
Notes 見漢賦

Definitions

倒

  1. to fall; to fall over; to fall down
  2. to collapse; to fall in
  3. to lie down; to recline
  4. to fail; to be on the decline
  5. to be damaged; to malfunction
  6. to go bankrupt; to close down
  7. to sell out; to sell up; to give up for money
  8. to buy and resell for a profit
  9. to stop; to discontinue
  10. to move; to move around
  11. to change; to switch over
  12. (Cantonese) to pour out; to tip; to dump
    倒垃圾 [Cantonese]  ―  dou2 laap6 saap3 [Jyutping]  ―  to take out the trash
  13. (neologism, slang) to be astonished (to the extent that one feels dizzy and falls); to be left speechless

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Note:
  • tò/tò͘ - literary;
  • tàu - vernacular.
Rime
Character 倒
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都導切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tɑuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tɑuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tɑuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tawH/
Li
Rong		 /tɑuH/
Wang
Li		 /tɑuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tɑuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dào
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 倒
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dào
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tawH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˤawʔ-s/
English turn over, invert; pour

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 倒
Reading # 2/2
No. 2116
Phonetic
component		 刀
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 到
Old
Chinese		 /*taːws/

Definitions

倒

  1. to put upside down; to invert; to be inverted
  2. to reverse; to move backwards; to turn back
  3. upside down; inverted; flipped; reversed
  4. to pour out; to dump; to empty
    倒垃圾  ―  dào lājī  ―  to take out the trash
  5. to cast; to mould
  6. contrary to expectation; conversely; on the contrary; instead
  7. particle indicating contrast; but; however
  8. particle used after a ‹verb + 得› structure to indicate it is contrary to the actual situation, implying blame; then
  9. particle used in a subordinate clause at the beginning of a sentence to indicate concession; quite
  10. particle used in an imperative sentence to indicate impatience
  11. particle used to soften the tone

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

倒

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. overthrow

Readings

Korean

Hanja

倒 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

倒 (đảo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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