stop
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: stŏp, IPA(key): /stɒp/
- (General American) enPR: stäp, IPA(key): /stɑp/
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɒp
Etymology 1
From Middle English stoppen, stoppien, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), *stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewp-, *(s)tewb- (“to push; stick”), from *(s)tew- (“to bump; impact; butt; push; beat; strike; hit”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian stopje (“to stop, block”), West Frisian stopje (“to stop”), Dutch stoppen (“to stop”), Low German stoppen (“to stop”), German stopfen (“to be filling, stuff”), German stoppen (“to stop”), Danish stoppe (“to stop”), Swedish & Icelandic stoppa (“to stop”), Middle High German stupfen, stüpfen (“to pierce”). More at stuff, stump.
Alternate etymology derives Proto-Germanic *stuppōną from an assumed Vulgar Latin *stūpāre, *stuppāre (“to stop up with tow”), from stūpa, stīpa, stuppa (“tow, flax, oakum”), from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē, “tow, flax, oakum”). This derivation, however, is doubtful, as the earliest instances of the Germanic verb do not carry the meaning of "stuff, stop with tow". Rather, these senses developed later in response to influence from similar sounding words in Latin and Romance.[1]
Verb
stop (third-person singular simple present stops, present participle stopping, simple past and past participle stopped)
- (intransitive) To cease moving.
- I stopped at the traffic lights.
- (intransitive) To not continue.
- The riots stopped when police moved in.
- Soon the rain will stop.
- 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 5, in The Mirror and the Lamp:
- Then everybody once more knelt, and soon the blessing was pronounced. The choir and the clergy trooped out slowly, […], down the nave to the western door. […] At a seemingly immense distance the surpliced group stopped to say the last prayer.
- (transitive) To cause (something) to cease moving or progressing.
- 2013 June 1, “Ideas coming down the track”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 13 (Technology Quarterly):
- A “moving platform” scheme […] is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. […] This set-up solves several problems […]. Stopping high-speed trains wastes energy and time, so why not simply slow them down enough for a moving platform to pull alongside?
- The sight of the armed men stopped him in his tracks.
- This guy is a fraudster. I need to stop the cheque I wrote him.
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- (transitive) To cause (something) to come to an end.
- The referees stopped the fight.
- (transitive) To close or block an opening.
- He stopped the wound with gauze.
- (transitive, intransitive, photography, often with "up" or "down") To adjust the aperture of a camera lens.
- To achieve maximum depth of field, he stopped down to an f-stop of 22.
- (intransitive) To stay; to spend a short time; to reside temporarily.
- to stop with a friend
- R. D. Blackmore
- by stopping at home till the money was gone
- 1931, E. F. Benson, Mapp & Lucia, chapter 7
- “She’s not going away. She’s going to stop here forever.”
- He stopped for two weeks at the inn.
- (intransitive) To tarry.
- He stopped at his friend's house before continuing with his drive.
- (music) To regulate the sounds of (musical strings, etc.) by pressing them against the fingerboard with the finger, or otherwise shortening the vibrating part.
- (obsolete) To punctuate.
- Landor
- if his sentences were properly stopped
- Landor
- (nautical) To make fast; to stopper.
Usage notes
- This is a catenative verb that takes the gerund (-ing) to indicate the ending action, or the to infinitive to indicate the purpose of the interruption. See Appendix:English catenative verbs for more information.
Synonyms
Antonyms
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Terms derived from stop (verb)
Related terms
Translations
to cease moving
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to not continue
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to cause to cease moving
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to cause to come to an end
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to close an opening
to stay a while
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to tarry
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music: to regulate the sounds by shortening the vibrating part
to punctuate — see punctuate
nautical: to make fast — see stopper
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Noun
stop (plural stops)
- A (usually marked) place where line buses, trams or trains halt to let passengers get on and off, usually smaller than a station.
- They agreed to see each other at the bus stop.
- An action of stopping; interruption of travel.
- That stop was not planned.
- De Foe
- It is doubtful […] whether it contributed anything to the stop of the infection.
- Sir Isaac Newton
- Occult qualities put a stop to the improvement of natural philosophy.
- John Locke
- It is a great step toward the mastery of our desires to give this stop to them.
- A device intended to block the path of a moving object
- door stop
- (linguistics) A consonant sound in which the passage of air through the mouth is temporarily blocked by the lips, tongue, or glottis; a plosive.
- A symbol used for purposes of punctuation and representing a pause or separating clauses, particularly a full stop, comma, colon or semicolon.
- That which stops, impedes, or obstructs; an obstacle; an impediment.
- Daniel
- A fatal stop traversed their headlong course.
- Rogers
- So melancholy a prospect should inspire us with zeal to oppose some stop to the rising torrent.
- A function that halts playback or recording in devices such as videocassette and DVD player.
- (by extension) A button that activates the stop function.
- (music) A knob or pin used to regulate the flow of air in an organ.
- The organ is loudest when all the stops are pulled.
- (tennis) A very short shot which touches the ground close behind the net and is intended to bounce as little as possible.
- (zoology) The depression in a dog’s face between the skull and the nasal bones.
- The stop in a bulldog's face is very marked.
- (photography) An f-stop.
- (engineering) A device, or piece, as a pin, block, pawl, etc., for arresting or limiting motion, or for determining the position to which another part shall be brought.
- (architecture) A member, plain or moulded, formed of a separate piece and fixed to a jamb, against which a door or window shuts.
- The diaphragm used in optical instruments to cut off the marginal portions of a beam of light passing through lenses.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations
place to get on and off mass transport
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interruption of travel
device to block a moving object
consonant sound — see plosive
punctuation symbol
button to activate the stop function
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music: knob or pin to regulate the flow of air in an organ
tennis: very short shot
zoology: depression in a dog’s face
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photography:f-stop — see f-stop
diaphragm in optical instruments
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Translations to be checked
References
- ↑ The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, "stop".
Adverb
stop (not comparable)
- Prone to halting or hesitation.
- He’s stop still.
Interjection
stop
- halt! stop!
Translations
halt! stop!
Punctuation
stop
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English stoppe, from Old English stoppa (“bucket, pail, a stop”), from Proto-Germanic *stuppô (“vat, vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teub- (“to push, hit; stick, stump”). Cognate with Norwegian stopp, stoppa (“deep well, recess”), Middle High German stubech, stübich (“barrel, vat, unit of measure”) (German Stübchen). Related also to Middle Low German stōp (“beaker, flask”), Middle High German stouf (“beaker, flask”), Norwegian staupa (“goblet”), Icelandic staupa (“shot-glass”), Old English stēap (“a stoup, beaker, drinking vessel, cup, flagon”). Cognate to Albanian shtambë (“amphora, bucket”). See stoup.
Noun
stop (plural stops)
Translations
Etymology 3
Adjective
stop (not comparable)
- (physics) Being or relating to the squark that is the superpartner of a top quark.
- 2016, ATLAS Collaboration, “Search for pair production of gluinos decaying via stop and sbottom in events with -jets and large missing transverse momentum in collisions at TeV with the ATLAS detector”, in arXiv:
- For neutralino masses below approximately 700 GeV, gluino masses of less than 1.78 TeV and 1.76 TeV are excluded at the 95% CL in simplified models of the pair production of gluinos decaying via sbottom and stop, respectively.
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Anagrams
Danish
Verb
stop
- imperative of stoppe
Dutch
Etymology
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔp
- IPA(key): /stɔp/
Noun
Verb
stop
Anagrams
Finnish
Interjection
stop
Synonyms
- (halt): seis
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /stɔp/
Noun
stop m (uncountable)
Related terms
Further reading
- “stop” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
Hungarian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʃtopː]
Interjection
stop
Punctuation
stop
Noun
stop (plural stopok)
- (colloquial) stop sign (a red sign on the side of a street instructing vehicles to stop)
- Nem állt meg a stopnál. ― He ran the stop sign.
- (colloquial) hitchhike (an act of hitchhiking, trying to get a ride in a passing vehicle while standing at the side of a road)
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | stop | stopok |
| accusative | stopot | stopokat |
| dative | stopnak | stopoknak |
| instrumental | stoppal | stopokkal |
| causal-final | stopért | stopokért |
| translative | stoppá | stopokká |
| terminative | stopig | stopokig |
| essive-formal | stopként | stopokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | stopban | stopokban |
| superessive | stopon | stopokon |
| adessive | stopnál | stopoknál |
| illative | stopba | stopokba |
| sublative | stopra | stopokra |
| allative | stophoz | stopokhoz |
| elative | stopból | stopokból |
| delative | stopról | stopokról |
| ablative | stoptól | stopoktól |
| Possessive forms of stop | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | stopom | stopjaim |
| 2nd person sing. | stopod | stopjaid |
| 3rd person sing. | stopja | stopjai |
| 1st person plural | stopunk | stopjaink |
| 2nd person plural | stopotok | stopjaitok |
| 3rd person plural | stopjuk | stopjaik |
Irish
Etymology
Borrowed from English stop, from Middle English stoppen, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sˠt̪ˠɔpˠ/
Verb
stop (present analytic stopann, future analytic stopfaidh, verbal noun stopadh, past participle stoptha)
- to stop
Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
| singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
| indicative | present | stopaim | stopann tú; stopair† |
stopann sé, sí | stopaimid | stopann sibh | stopann siad; stopaid† |
a stopann; a stopas | stoptar |
| past | stop mé; stopas | stop tú; stopais | stop sé, sí | stopamar; stop muid | stop sibh; stopabhair | stop siad; stopadar | a stop / ar stop* |
stopadh | |
| past habitual | stopainn | stoptá | stopadh sé, sí | stopaimis; stopadh muid | stopadh sibh | stopaidís; stopadh siad | a stopadh / ar stopadh* |
stoptaí | |
| future | stopfaidh mé; stopfad |
stopfaidh tú; stopfair† |
stopfaidh sé, sí | stopfaimid; stopfaidh muid |
stopfaidh sibh | stopfaidh siad; stopfaid† |
a stopfaidh; a stopfas | stopfar | |
| conditional | stopfainn | stopfá | stopfadh sé, sí | stopfaimis; stopfadh muid | stopfadh sibh | stopfaidís; stopfadh siad | a stopfadh / ar stopfadh* |
stopfaí | |
| subjunctive | present | go stopa mé; go stopad† |
go stopa tú; go stopair† |
go stopa sé, sí | go stopaimid; go stopa muid |
go stopa sibh | go stopa siad; go stopaid† |
— | go stoptar |
| past | dá stopainn | dá stoptá | dá stopadh sé, sí | dá stopaimis; dá stopadh muid |
dá stopadh sibh | dá stopaidís; dá stopadh siad |
— | dá stoptaí | |
| imperative | stopaim | stop | stopadh sé, sí | stopaimis | stopaigí; stopaidh† |
stopaidís | — | stoptar | |
| verbal noun | stopadh | ||||||||
| past participle | stoptha | ||||||||
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
Synonyms
Noun
stop m (genitive singular stop, nominative plural stopanna)
- a stop (place to get on and off line buses or trams; interruption of travel; device to block path)
Declension
Declension of stop
Fourth declension
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Bare forms
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Forms with the definite article
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Synonyms
Further reading
- “stopaid” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- "stop" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
Italian
Etymology
Interjection
stop!
Noun
stop m (plural stop)
- stop (roadsign; bus stop etc; block)
Anagrams
Latvian
Etymology
Interjection
stop!
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈstɔp/
audio (file)
Etymology 1
From the verb stopić.
Noun
stop m inan
- (chemistry) an alloy; a mixture of metals.
- Mosiądz jest stopem miedzi i cynku.
- Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
Declension
Synonyms
- aliaż (obsolete)
Etymology 2
Interjection
stop
Noun
stop m inan
- a stop sign.
- Jechał dalej, bo nie zauważył stopu.
- He continued to drive because he hadn't noticed the stop sign.
- (colloquial) a vehicle's brake light.
- Uderzyłam w niego, bo nie zaświecił mu się stop i nie wiedziałam, że ostro hamuje.
- I hit his car because his brake light didn't flash and I didn't know he was braking hard.
- (colloquial) hitchhiking.
- Często podróżuję na stopa.
- I often hitchhike.
Portuguese
Etymology
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈstɔp/, /ˈstɔ.pi/
Noun
stop m (plural stops)
- stop (function or button that causes a device to stop operating)
- (uncountable) A game in which the players write on paper one word from each category (animal, fruit, etc.), all beginning with the same letter, as quickly as possible. In Spanish: tutti frutti.
- (stock market) stop loss order (order to close one’s position if the market drops to a specified price level)
- (Brazil, upper-class slang) stop; end (the act of putting a stop to something)
- Precisamos dar um stop na nossa preguiça.
- We need to put an end to our laziness.
Interjection
stop!
See also
- CEP (acronym of "cidade, estado, país", meaning "city, state, country", a category in the game of stop)
Further reading
Spanish
Etymology
Interjection
stop
Swedish
Noun
stop n
Declension
| Declension of stop | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | stop | stopet | stop | stopen |
| Genitive | stops | stopets | stops | stopens |
Synonyms
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