保險

See also: 保险

Chinese

 
to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard
 danger (ous); rugged
trad. (保險) 保 險
simp. (保险) 保 险

Etymology

Attestable in ancient Chinese texts. For the sense of "insurance", wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 保 (ほ)險 (けん) (hoken).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 保 險
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 豪 (89) 鹽 (154)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I Chongniu III
Fanqie 博抱切 虚檢切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɑuX/ /hˠiᴇmX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pɑuX/ /hᵚiɛmX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pɑuX/ /xiæmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pawX/ /hjiamX/
Li
Rong		 /pɑuX/ /xjɛmX/
Wang
Li		 /pɑuX/ /xĭɛmX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pɑuX/ /xi̯ɛmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 bǎo xiǎn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 保 險 險
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 bǎo xiǎn xiǎn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pawX › ‹ xjæmX › ‹ xjemX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*pˤuʔ/ /*qʰr[a]mʔ/ /*qʰr[a]mʔ/
English protect precipitous, dangerous precipitous, dangerous

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 保 險
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 318 10221
Phonetic
component		 保 僉
Rime
group		 幽 談
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 寶 險
Old
Chinese		 /*puːʔ/ /*qʰramʔ/

Verb

保險

  1. to assure; to guarantee
    我敢保險這是世界新紀錄。 [MSC, trad.]
    我敢保险这是世界新纪录。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ gǎn bǎoxiǎn zhè shì shìjiè xīn jìlù. [Pinyin]
    I can assure you that this is the new world record.
  2. (colloquial) to be bound to; to be sure to
    照我說的做，保險沒事。 [MSC, trad.]
    照我说的做，保险没事。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhào wǒ shuō de zuò, bǎoxiǎn méishì. [Pinyin]
    Do as I say and I am sure you will be fine.
  3. (literary) to guard a strategic place; to defend a strategic pass

Adjective

保險

  1. safe; secure
    天氣忽冷忽熱，多穿點保險！ [MSC, trad.]
    天气忽冷忽热，多穿点保险！ [MSC, simp.]
    Tiānqì hūlěnghūrè, duō chuān diǎn bǎoxiǎn! [Pinyin]
    The weather is quite variable; please wear a bit more just to be safe!

Noun

保險

  1. safety (mechanical device on a firearm)
  2. insurance; indemnity (equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another in exchange for payment)
    保險額 / 保险额  ―  bǎoxiǎn é  ―  insurance coverage
    你的車上保險了嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
    你的车上保险了吗？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ de chē shàng bǎoxiǎn le ma? [Pinyin]
    Is your car insured?

Adverb

保險

  1. (obsolete, dialectal) certainly

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (保險):

Japanese

Kanji in this term
保 險
ほ
Grade: 5		 けん
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Noun

保險 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 保険, hiragana ほけん, rōmaji hoken)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 保険: insurance
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