七

七 U+4E03, 七
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E03
← 丂
[U+4E02] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 丄 →
[U+4E04]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

七 (radical 1, 一+1, 2 strokes, cangjie input 十山 (JU), four-corner 40710, composition ⿻乚一)

Descendants

See also

References

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 七
alt. forms 柒 financial
𠀁 ancient

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 七
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script

j29812

j29813

j29814

j29815

j29816

j29817

j29818

j29819

j29820

j29821

Bronze inscriptions

b19909

b19910

b19911

b19912

b19913

b19914

b19915

b19916

b19917

b19918

b19919

b19920

b19921

b19922

Small seal script

s10922

Transcribed ancient scripts

L25769

L25770

L25771

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (七) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
切 *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd
砌 *sʰiːds
沏 *sʰiːd
七 *sn̥ʰid
柒 *sn̥ʰid
叱 *n̥ʰjid

The character 七 was originally a picture of a vertical line and a horizontal line bisecting each other, meaning something like, “cut and throw away the remainder”. 切 (OC *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd) represents the graphical meaning.

The top-most horizontal stroke is done from left to right. The vertical line and bottom-most horizontal line are done as one stroke, from top-left to bottom-right.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ni-s (“seven”).

Pronunciation

Note: qí - a variant (and regional) sandhi tone when it occurs before fourth-tone syllables.
Note:
  • chhit - literary;
  • chhiak - vernacular.
Note: cêg4 - Jieyang.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 七
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡sʰi⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰi²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕʰji⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰi¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰiʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰiəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰiʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡sʰi⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰi²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰit̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰit̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰit̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰɛiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sʰi²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰik̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sit̚⁵/
Rime
Character 七
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 質 (48)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 親吉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡sʰiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡sʰit̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sʰjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sʰit̚/
Li
Rong		 /t͡sʰiĕt̚/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sʰĭĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡sʰi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qi
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 七
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tshit ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[tsʰ]i[t]/
English seven

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 七
Reading # 1/1
No. 9910
Phonetic
component		 七
Rime
group		 質
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 七
Old
Chinese		 /*sn̥ʰid/

Definitions

七

  1. seven
  2. (printing) agate: The size of type between 小六 (xiǎoliù, “little 6”) and 八 (bā, “8”), standardized as 5½ point.
  3. (Cantonese, vulgar) Alternative form of 柒 (qī).

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (七):
  • Japanese: 七 (しち) (shichi); 七 (しつ) (shitsu)
  • Korean: 칠 (七, chil)
  • Vietnamese: thất (七)

Others:

See also

Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 108 1012
Normal
(小寫／小写)		 〇 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 百 千 萬／万 億／亿 兆 (Taiwan)
萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial
(大寫／大写)		 零 壹 貳／贰 參／叁 肆 伍 陸／陆 柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟

Japanese

Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  6 7 8  > 
    Cardinal : 七

Kanji

七

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Pronunciation 1

Noun

七 (hiragana なな, rōmaji nana)

  1. seven
  2. a gambler
  • See below (related terms for pronunciation 2)

Pronunciation 2

Noun

七 (hiragana しち, rōmaji shichi)

  1. seven
  • 七つ
  • 七曲がり
  • 七週の祭
  • 七珍万宝
  • 七顛八起, 七転八起
  • 七転八倒, 七顛八倒
  • 七並べ

Number

七 (hiragana しち, rōmaji shichi, alternative reading なな, rōmaji nana)

  1. seven; 7

Usage notes

  • なな (nana) is used instead of しち (shichi) in conversation because しち (shichi) is considered unlucky.

Korean

Hanja

七 • (chil)

  1. seven

Old Japanese

Numeral

Old Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  6 7 8  > 
    Cardinal : 七
    Ordinal : 七

七 (nana)

  1. seven

Descendants

  • Japanese: 七 (nana)

References

Vietnamese

Han character

七 (thất)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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