万

See also: 萬, 方, and ㄪ
万 U+4E07, 万
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E07
← 丆
[U+4E06] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 丈 →
[U+4E08]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

万 (radical 1, 一+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 一尸 (MS), four-corner 10227, composition ⿱一⿰丿𠃌)

References

  • KangXi: page 76, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10
  • Dae Jaweon: page 137, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 9, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4E07

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 万
Shang Western Zhou
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions

Unknown. Used as a tribal name in oracle inscriptions. Used as a number since the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods.

Various theories have been proposed for its original meaning:

  • Qu Wanli, Qiu Xigui and others propose that it originally refers to a type of dancer-musicians. This usage is attested in the oracle inscriptions. This may be supported by ancient literature, e.g. Shijing, which mentions a type of dance called 萬舞／万舞.
  • Lin Yiguang proposes that it is an ancient form of 丏 (OC *meːnʔ), acting as a phonetic component in 賓 (OC *mpin).
  • Some propose that it is a differentiated form of 亥.

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 万 – see 萬 (“scorpion; etc.”).
(This character, 万, is the simplified and variant form of 萬.)
Notes:

Usage notes

Also used in a trisyllabic surname.

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
 万

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 万
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 德 (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 莫北切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /mək̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /mək̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /mək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /mək̚/
Li
Rong		 /mək̚/
Wang
Li		 /mək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /mək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 mò
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 万
Reading # 2/2
No. 12614
Phonetic
component		 万
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 墨
Old
Chinese		 /*mɯːɡ/

Definitions

万

  1. Only used in 万俟 (Mòqí).

Japanese

Shinjitai

 万

Kyūjitai

 萬

Kanji

万

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 萬)

  1. myriad, ten thousand
  2. very many

Readings

As a simplification and variant of 萬:

As part of the surname 万俟:

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
万
まん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 万 (MC mʉɐnH, mək̚).

Pronunciation

Noun

万 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 萬, hiragana まん, rōmaji man)

  1. ten thousand, 10,000
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
万
ばん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 万 (MC mʉɐnH, mək̚).

Pronunciation

Adverb

万 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 萬, hiragana ばん, rōmaji ban)

  1. (followed by a negative) even if, never
  2. (followed by a negative) no matter what

Prefix

万 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 萬, hiragana ばん, rōmaji ban-)

  1. many
  2. all

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
万
よろず
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

⟨yo2ro2du⟩ → /yorodu/ → /yorod͡zu/ → /yorozu/

From Old Japanese.[4] Found in the oldest sources, such as the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE).[5]

Appears to be a compound or inflection, but the derivation is unclear.

Pronunciation

Noun

万 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 萬, hiragana よろず, rōmaji yorozu, historical hiragana よろづ)

  1. ten thousand
  2. a large number
  3. all, everything

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1 2 3 4 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 1 2 3 4 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  5. ↑ c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4408), text here
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