東道主

See also: 东道主

Chinese

		host	to own; to host; master to own; to host; master; lord; primary
trad. (東道主)		東道	主
simp. (东道主)		东道	主

Etymology

Attested in Zuo Zhuan (circa 4th century BCE), in the entry for the 30th year of Duke Xi's reign (《左傳·僖公三十年》):

若捨鄭以為東道主，行李之往來，共其乏困，君亦無所害。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
若舍郑以为东道主，行李之往来，共其乏困，君亦无所害。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

Ruò shě Zhèng yǐwéi dōngdàozhǔ, xínglǐ zhī wǎnglái, gòng qí fákùn, jūn yì wú suǒ hài. [Pinyin]

If you would spare Zheng as a host of the eastern roads, we are willing to provide hospitability and aid to your eastbound diplomatic missions. There could be no harm to you in this.

Uttered by Zhu Zhiwu (燭之武), a Zheng courtier, during his negotiation with the Count Mu of Qin (秦穆公) who was laying siege to the state of Zheng. Later used idomatically as a generic term for a host.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dōngdàozhǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥㄉㄠˋ ㄓㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dung¹ dou⁶ zyu²
Min Nan (POJ): tong-tǒ͘-chú / tong-tō-chú

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: dōngdàozhǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥㄉㄠˋ ㄓㄨˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dongdawjuu
  - IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: dung¹ dou⁶ zyu²
  - Yale: dūng douh jyú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dung¹ dou⁶ dzy²
  - Guangdong Romanization: dung¹ dou⁶ ju²
  - IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ tou̯²² t͡ɕyː³⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tong-tǒ͘-chú
  - Tâi-lô: tong-tǒo-tsú
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ³³ tɔ²² t͡su⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tong-tō-chú
  - Tâi-lô: tong-tō-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dongdoixzuo
  - IPA (Taipei): /tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ to³³⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² to²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ³³⁻²¹ t͡su⁴¹/

Noun

東道主

host
- 萬國爭推東道主 [MSC, trad.]
  万国争推东道主 [MSC, simp.]
  From: c. 1890, 黃遵憲 (Huang Zunxian), 〈蘇彝士河〉 ("Suez Canal")
  wànguó zhēng tuī dōngdàozhǔ [Pinyin]
  Nations vie for the host's privilege.

Usage notes

Some dictionaries classify 東道主／东道主 as a chengyu, albeit a three-character one.

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