灘

See also: 滩
灘 U+7058, 灘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7058
← 灗
[U+7057] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 灙 →
[U+7059]

Translingual

Han character

灘 (radical 85 水+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 水廿人土 (ETOG), four-corner 30114, composition ⿰氵難)

References

  • KangXi: page 663, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18784
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1072, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1794, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7058

Chinese

trad. 灘
simp. 滩

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (暵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
儺 *naːl
臡 *naːl, *neːl, *njeːl
嘆 *n̥ʰaːn, *n̥ʰaːns
灘 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns, *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns
擹 *n̥ʰaːn
攤 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːnʔ, *naːns
癱 *n̥ʰaːn
歎 *n̥ʰaːns
難 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns
暵 *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns
熯 *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns, *njanʔ
漢 *hnaːns
戁 *rnaːnʔ, *njanʔ

Pronunciation

Note:
  • thoaⁿ - vernacular;
  • than - literary.
Rime
Character 灘 灘 灘
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial (聲) 透 (6) 曉 (32) 泥 (8)
Final (韻) 寒 (61) 寒 (61) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) I I I
Fanqie 他干切 呼旱切 奴案切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰɑn/ /hɑnX/ /nɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰɑn/ /hɑnX/ /nɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰɑn/ /xɑnX/ /nɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰan/ /hanX/ /nanH/
Li
Rong		 /tʰɑn/ /xɑnX/ /nɑnH/
Wang
Li		 /tʰɑn/ /xɑnX/ /nɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰɑn/ /xɑnX/ /nɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tān hǎn nàn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 灘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 tān
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ than ›
Old
Chinese		 /*n̥ˤar/ (E dialect: *n̥ˤ- > MC th-)
English foreshore

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 灘 灘 灘 灘
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
No. 4891 4901 4902 4908
Phonetic
component		 暵 暵 暵 暵
Rime
group		 元 元 元 元
Rime
subdivision		 1 1 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 灘 攤 䍐 漢
Old
Chinese		 /*n̥ʰaːn/ /*naːns/ /*hnaːnʔ/ /*hnaːns/
Notes 原隹作鳥據旱韻又音校改

Definitions

灘

  1. shoal
  2. beach
  3. Classifier for liquid or paste spread over a surface: pool, puddle

Synonyms

  • (Sichuanese) 𣲩 (pá)

Compounds

  • 海灘／海滩 (hǎitān)
  • 海灘排球／海滩排球
  • 涒灘／涒滩
  • 淺灘／浅滩 (qiǎntān)
  • 灘子／滩子
  • 灘師／滩师
  • 灘戶／滩户
  • 灘簧／滩簧 (tānhuáng)
  • 灘線／滩线
  • 灘羊／滩羊
  • 灘船／滩船
  • 灘頭／滩头
  • 灘黃／滩黄
  • 白水灘／白水滩
  • 皇恐灘／皇恐滩
  • 金沙灘／金沙滩
  • 長灘／长滩 (Chángtān)
  • 險灘／险滩 (xiǎntān)
  • 鹽灘／盐滩
  • 龍困淺灘／龙困浅滩

References

Japanese

Kanji

灘

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
灘
なだ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

灘 (hiragana なだ, rōmaji nada)

  1. open sea
    玄界 (げんかい)灘 (なだ)
    Genkai Nada
    Genkai Sea

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

灘 • (tan) (hangeul 탄, revised tan, McCune–Reischauer t'an, Yale than)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

灘 (than)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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