台

See also: 臺, 檯, 颱, and 枱

台	U+53F0, 台 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53F0

← 可
[U+53EF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

叱 →
[U+53F1]

Translingual

Stroke order

Japanese	台
Simplified	台
Traditional	臺/台

Han character

台 (radical 30, 口+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 戈口 (IR), four-corner 2360₀, composition ⿱厶口)

Derived characters

佁, 冶, 咍, 坮, 始, 孡, 𭘚, 怡, 抬, 治, 迨, 𣅿, 胎, 枱, 殆, 𣭆, 炲, 珆, 兘, 𤫳, 眙, 𥙉, 秮, 𥹋, 紿(绐), 耛, 𧉟, 詒(诒), 貽(贻), 跆, 軩, 鈶(𬭀), 𣖤, 颱, 飴(饴), 駘(骀), 𩲥, 鮐(鲐), 𩿡, 齝
乨, 刣, 𠄩, 𠡇, 㣍, 邰, 𪱜, 㰧, 𢦯, 瓵, 𫨩, 𧠜, 辝, 𩒎(𫖭), 苔, 笞, 㾂, 怠, 枲, 炱, 𥁐, 𫢼, 𬆗, 𮩻, 袬, 囼

Related characters

臺 (Traditional form of 台)

References

KangXi: page 172, character 13
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3246
Dae Jaweon: page 384, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 575, character 2
Unihan data for U+53F0

Chinese

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 台 – see 臺 (“tower; lookout; stage; platform; etc.”). (This character, 台, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 臺.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 台 – see 颱 (“typhoon”). (This character, 台, is the simplified form of 颱.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 台 – see 檯 (“table; desk”). (This character, 台, is the simplified form of 檯.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.		台

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (台) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
胎	*l̥ʰɯː
台	l̥ʰɯː, l'ɯː, l'ɯː, lɯ
邰	*l̥ʰɯː
鮐	l̥ʰɯː, lɯ
孡	*l̥ʰɯː
苔	*l'ɯː
抬	*l'ɯː
駘	l'ɯː, l'ɯːʔ
炱	*l'ɯː
菭	l'ɯː, l'i
跆	*l'ɯː
殆	*l'ɯːʔ
怠	*l'ɯːʔ
迨	*l'ɯːʔ
紿	*l'ɯːʔ
詒	l'ɯːʔ, lɯ
軩	*l'ɯːʔ
咍	*hlɯː
佁	lɯːʔ, l̥ʰɯs, *lɯʔ
枲	*slɯʔ
辝	*ljɯ
鈶	*ljɯʔ
笞	*l̥ʰɯ
齝	l̥ʰɯ, hljɯ
眙	l̥ʰɯs, lɯ
治	l'ɯ, l'ɯs, *l'is
始	*hljɯʔ
怡	*lɯ
貽	*lɯ
飴	*lɯ
瓵	*lɯ
珆	*li

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ) : phonetic 㠯 + semantic 口 (“mouth”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yí (yi²)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁴
Min Nan (POJ): î

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yí
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
  - Wade–Giles: i²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
  - IPA ^(key): /i³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji⁴
  - Yale: yìh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /jiː²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î
  - Tâi-lô: î
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ii
  - IPA (Xiamen): /i²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /i²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /i¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /i²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /i²³/

Middle Chinese: /jɨ/▼

Rime
Character	台
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	與之切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/jɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/ie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨ/
Li Rong	/iə/
Wang Li	/jĭə/
Bernard Karlgren	/i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yí

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lə/

(Zhengzhang): /*lɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	台
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yí
Middle Chinese	‹ yi ›
Old Chinese	/*lə/
English	I, me
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	台
Reading #	4/4
No.	12298
Phonetic component	台
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	飴
Old Chinese	/*lɯ/
Notes	後作怡本從以聲

Definitions

台

^† Original form of 怡 (yí, “happy, pleased”).
^† I, me
^† what
A surname.

Usage notes

The surname 台 (yí) is different from the surname 臺 (tái) even though the latter is simplified to 台 in mainland China.

Etymology 5

simp. and trad.		台

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tāi (tai¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄞ
Cantonese (Jyutping): toi¹
Min Nan (POJ): thai

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: tāi
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄞ
  - Wade–Giles: t'ai¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tai
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: toi¹
  - Yale: tōi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: toi¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: toi¹
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːi̯⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thai
  - Tâi-lô: thai
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tay
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰaɪ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰaɪ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰaɪ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰaɪ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰaɪ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /tʰʌi/▼

Rime
Character	台
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	土來切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰəi/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰəj/
Li Rong	/tʰᴀi/
Wang Li	/tʰɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tāi

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	台
Reading #	1/4
No.	12260
Phonetic component	台
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	胎
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰɯː/
Notes	本從以聲

Definitions

台

Used in place names.

Compounds

台州 (Tāizhōu)

天台山 (Tiāntāi Shān)

Japanese

Shinjitai	台
Kyūjitai	臺

Kanji

台

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 臺)

Readings

As shinjitai kanji of 臺:

Goon: だい (dai, Jōyō)
Kan’on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
Kun: うてな (utena, 台); しもべ (shimobe, 台); つかさ (tsukasa, 台); よろこぶ (yorokobu, 台); われ (ware, 台)
Nanori: だい (dai); もと (moto)

As shinjitai/variant kanji of 颱:

Goon: たい (tai, Jōyō)
Kan’on: たい (tai, Jōyō)

As unsimplified kanji 台:

Goon: い (i)
Kan’on: い (i)

Compounds

仙台 (せんだい) (sendai)
台所 (だいどころ) (daidokoro)

Counter

台 (hiragana だい, rōmaji -dai)

machines, especially vehicles or computers

Suffix

台 (hiragana だい, rōmaji -dai)

tables, beds
level, especially of price
period of time in a person's life

Korean

Hanja

台 • (tae, i, dae) (hangeul 태, 이, 대, revised tae, i, dae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, i, dae)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

台 (thai, đài, di, đày, thay, thơi, hai, hay, thài)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999

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