蟋蟀

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (蟋蟀)		蟋	蟀
alt. forms		螅蟀蟋𧍓悉𧍓

蟋蟀。

Etymology

A reduplicative Old Chinese compound of the shape /*srit srut/.

Some similar words can be found in neighbouring languages:

Sino-Tibetan: Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rĭt ~ rŭt (“cricket”), to include this Chinese word, Burmese ပုရစ် (pu.rac, “cricket”), and Jingpho kǝrot (“a species of cricket”).
Mon-Khmer: Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *[t₁/c]riit (“cricket; to chirr”), whence Khmer ចង្រិត (cɑngrət, “cricket”) and Thai จิ้งหรีด (jîng-rìit) (Manomaivibool, 1975).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xīshuài

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄕㄨㄞˋ

(Chengdu, SP): xi² so² / xi² suai⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): sik¹ seot¹
Min Dong (BUC): sék-sáuk
Min Nan (POJ): sek-sut / siak-sut / sek-sùi / tek-sut / siat-sut / sih-sut

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: xīshuài
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄕㄨㄞˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shishuay
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xi² so² / xi² suai⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xiso / xisuai
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕi²¹ so²¹/, /ɕi²¹ suai²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: sik¹ seot¹
  - Yale: sīk sēut
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sik⁷ soet⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: xig¹ sêd¹
  - IPA ^(key): /sɪk̚⁵ sɵt̚⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sék-sáuk
  - IPA ^(key): /siʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ sɑuʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-sut
  - Tâi-lô: sik-sut
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seksud
  - IPA (Kinmen): /ɕiɪk̚³²⁻⁵⁴ sut̚³²/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ sut̚³²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sut̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak-sut
  - Tâi-lô: siak-sut
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaksud
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ sut̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-sùi
  - Tâi-lô: sik-suì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seksuix
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɕiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sui¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Tainan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tek-sut
  - Tâi-lô: tik-sut
  - Phofsit Daibuun: deksud
- (Hokkien: Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siat-sut
  - Tâi-lô: siat-sut
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siatsud
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sih-sut
  - Tâi-lô: sih-sut
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sihsud
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɕi(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sut̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕi(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ sut̚³²/

Middle Chinese: /siɪt̚|ʃɪt̚ ʃiuɪt̚/▼

Rime
Character	蟋	蟋	蟀
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	生 (21)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	質 (48)	櫛 (51)	術 (52)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	息七切	所櫛切	所律切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪt̚/	/ʃɪt̚/	/ʃiuɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/sit̚/	/ʃɪt̚/	/ʃʷit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sjet̚/	/ʃiet̚/	/ʃjuet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sit̚/	/ʂit̚/	/ʂwit̚/
Li Rong	/siĕt̚/	/ʃiĕt̚/	/ʃiuĕt̚/
Wang Li	/sĭĕt̚/	/ʃĭet̚/	/ʃĭuĕt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯ĕt̚/	/ʂi̯æt̚/	/ʂi̯uĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xi	she	shuai

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter-Sagart): /*srit srut/

(Zhengzhang): /*sid|srid srud/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蟋	蟀
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī	shuài
Middle Chinese	‹ srit ›	‹ srwit ›
Old Chinese	/*srit/	/*srut/
English	蟋蟀 cricket	蟋蟀 cricket
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蟋	蟋	蟀
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	13340	13343	8609
Phonetic component	悉	悉	率
Rime group	質	質	物
Rime subdivision	1	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	悉	瑟	率
Old Chinese	/*sid/	/*srid/	/*srud/
Notes	見爾雅說文作悉		原列質韻

Noun

蟋蟀

cricket (insect)
- 溫風始至，蟋蟀居壁，鷹乃學習，腐草為螢。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  温风始至，蟋蟀居壁，鹰乃学习，腐草为萤。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, circa 4^th – 2^nd century BCE
  Wēn fēng shǐ zhì, xīshuài jū bì, yīng nǎi xuéxí, fǔcǎo wéi yíng. [Pinyin]
  Gentle winds begin to blow.
  The cricket takes its place in the walls.
  (Young) hawks learn to practise (the ways of their parents).
  Decaying grass becomes fire-flies.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 蟋蟀 (“cricket”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		蟋蟀、促織、蜻蛚、蝍蛆、蛩、吟蛩、秋蛩、懶婦
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		蟋蟀
Taxonomic name		蟋蟀
Mandarin	Beijing	蛐蛐兒
	Taiwan	蟋蟀
	Tianjin	蛐蛐兒
	Harbin	蛐蛐兒
	Shenyang	蛐蛐兒
	Hailar	蛐蛐
	Ulan Hot	蛐蛐
	Tongliao	蛐蛐
	Chifeng	蛐蛐兒
	Bayanhot	蟋蟀
	Jinan	蛐兒蛐兒
	Muping	蛐蛐子
	Luoyang	蛐蛐
	Jiedian	臭吱吱
	Xi'an	蛐蛐兒
	Qingdao	土蚱兒
	Zhengzhou	促促兒
	Xining	秋蟬兒、蛐蛐
	Xuzhou	蛐兒蛐兒
	Yinchuan	黑油麥蚱、蛐蛐
	Lanzhou	蛐蛐、錯翅子
	Wuhan	蛐蛐
	Chengdu	叫雞子、叫雞雞、蛐蛐兒
	Guiyang	蛐蛐
	Liuzhou	蛐蛐
	Kunming	蛐蛐兒
	Yangzhou	蛐蛐子
	Nanjing	蛐織
	Hefei	蛐蛐、蛐蛐子
	Nantong	蛐蛐
Cantonese	Guangzhou	織蟀、蟀
	Hong Kong	蟋蟀
	Shunde	蟀
	Foshan	織蟀
	Zhongshan	織蟀
	Dongguan	子蟀
	Taishan	蟋蟀
	Doumen	蟋蟀
	Kaiping	蟋蟀
	Shaoguan	織蟀
	Yunfu	促蟀
	Yangjiang	促蟀
	Xinyi	促織
	Lianjiang	織蟀
Gan	Nanchang	蛐蛐
	Lichuan	蟋蟀
	Pingxiang	蟋蟀、蟋蟀仔
Hakka	Meixian	蟋蟀仔
	Xingning	土唧哩
	Huidong	草唧
	Qujiang	草雞子
	Xiaosanjiang	草唧
	Changting	草唧
	Pingyu	草唧子
	Wuping	草唧子
	Liancheng	草唧
	Ninghua	草虻
	Yudu	蟋蟀子
	Ruijin	山灶雞
	Shicheng	山灶雞子
	Shangyou	蟋蟀
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	土狗仔、草唧仔
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	土狗仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	土狗仔、草唧仔
	Dongshi (Dabu)	土狗、草唧
	Zhuolan (Raoping)	土狗仔、草唧仔
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	土狗
Huizhou	Jixi	織織
Jin	Taiyuan	蛐蛐
	Xinzhou	黑色兒
	Baochang	蟋蟀
	Jining	秋鈴兒
	Hohhot	蛐蛐
	Baotou	秋鈴兒
	Dongsheng	秋蟬兒
	Linhe	秋翅兒
	Haibowan	蟋蟀
Min Bei	Jian'ou	蟋蟀
Min Dong	Fuzhou	蟋蟀
	Fuqing	壁蟀
	Gutian	蟣立
Min Nan	Xiamen	蟋蟀
	Zhangzhou	記蟀
	Taipei	杜猴、蟋蟀、蟋蟀仔
	Kaohsiung	杜伯仔、杜猴
	Tainan	杜伯仔、蟋蟀、蟋蟀仔
	Taichung	杜猴、蟋蟀仔
	Wuqi	灶雞仔
	Hsinchu	杜猴
	Taitung	烏龍仔
	Lukang	杜猴、蟋蟀、烏龍
	Sanxia	杜猴
	Yilan	杜猴
	Kinmen	杜猴、蟋蟀
	Magong	杜猴、烏龍、赤蜣、蟋蟀
	Penang	cengkerik
	Chaozhou	蟋蟀
Puxian Min	Putian	蝍蛛
Puxian Min	Xianyou	蝍蛛
Pinghua	Nanning	勝勝、土狗
Wu	Shanghai	蹔𧉆
	Suzhou	蹔𧉆
	Hangzhou	蛐蛐兒
	Wenzhou	蟋蟀
	Chongming	蹔𧉆
	Danyang	治治
	Jinhua	蟋蟀兒
	Ningbo	蹔𧉆、丁獅子
Xiang	Changsha	蛐蛐
	Shuangfeng	蟋蟀
	Xiangtan	蟋蟋
	Loudi	蟋蟀子

Derived terms

蟋蟀仔
蟋蟀子

蟋蟀草
鬥蟋蟀／斗蟋蟀

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
蟋	蟀
Hyōgaiji	Hyōgaiji
Irregular

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 蟋蟀

Alternative forms

蛼

Pronunciation

(Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) こおろぎ [kóꜜòrògì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
- IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɾo̞ɡʲi]

Noun

蟋蟀 (hiragana こおろぎ, katakana コオロギ, rōmaji kōrogi, historical hiragana こほろぎ)

a cricket (insect)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
蟋	蟀
しつ > しっ Hyōgaiji	しゅつ Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) しっしゅつ [shìsshútsú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [ɕiɕːɯ̟ᵝt͡sɨᵝ]

Noun

蟋蟀 (hiragana しっしゅつ, rōmaji shisshutsu, historical hiragana しつしゆつ)

a cricket (insect)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
蟋	蟀
しつ > しっ Hyōgaiji	しゅつ > しつ Hyōgaiji
Irregular

Noun

蟋蟀 (hiragana しっしつ, rōmaji shisshitsu, historical hiragana しつしつ)

a cricket (insect)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
蟋	蟀
Hyōgaiji	Hyōgaiji
Irregular

Noun

蟋蟀 (hiragana させ, rōmaji sase)

(archaic) a cricket (insect)

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
蟋	蟀
Hyōgaiji	Hyōgaiji
Irregular

Noun

蟋蟀 (hiragana きりぎりす, katakana キリギリス, rōmaji kirigirisu)

Alternative spelling of 螽斯 (“Japanese katydid”)

References

1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

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[DJR-1] 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

蟋蟀

Chinese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Japanese

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 3

Noun

Etymology 4

Noun

Etymology 5

Noun

References