桌

See also: 棹

桌	U+684C, 桌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-684C

← 桋
[U+684B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

桍 →
[U+684D]

Translingual

Han character

桌 (radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜日木 (YAD), four-corner 2190₄, composition ⿱⺊杲)

Derived characters

槕, 𮄡

References

KangXi: page 525, character 13
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14766
Dae Jaweon: page 914, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1198, character 1
Unihan data for U+684C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		桌
alt. forms		棹槕

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (卓) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
悼	*deːwɢs
淖	*rneːwɢs
罩	*rteːwɢs
鵫	rteːwɢs, rdeːwɢ
趠	rtʰeːwɢs, rtʰeːwɢ
踔	rtʰeːwɢs, rtʰeːwɢ
棹	*rdeːwɢs
鋽	*tʰeːwɢs
掉	deːwʔ, deːwɢs, *rneːwɢ
逴	tʰewɢ, rtʰeːwɢ
焯	*tjewɢ
綽	*tʰjewɢ
婥	*tʰjewɢ
繛	*tʰjewɢ
卓	*rteːwɢ
桌	*rteːwɢ
倬	*rteːwɢ
啅	*rteːwɢ
晫	rteːwɢ, rtʰeːwɢ

From 卓, with the bottom 十 replaced by 木 (“wood”) to indicate specifically the sense of "table".

Etymology

From 卓 (OC *rteːwɢ, “high”), as tables are relatively tall (compared to other furnitures like 几).

Similar descriptive derivations for furnitures include: 登 (“to climb”) > 凳 (“stool”); 倚 (“to lean”) > 椅 (“chair”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhuō (zhuo¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄛ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coek³, zoek³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chok

(Meixian, Guangdong): zog⁵
Min Bei (KCR): dŏ̤
Min Dong (BUC): dó̤h
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): toh / tok

(Teochew, Peng'im): doh⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): tsoq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhuō
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛ
  - Wade–Giles: chuo¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juo
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhuōr
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛㄦ
  - Wade–Giles: chuorh¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juol
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂwɔɻ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: coek³, zoek³
  - Yale: cheuk, jeuk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoek⁸, dzoek⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêg³, zêg³
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰœːk̚³/, /t͡ɕœːk̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chok
  - Hakka Romanization System: zog`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zog⁵
  - IPA: /t͡sok̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zog⁵
  - IPA: /t͡sɔk̚¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dŏ̤
  - IPA ^(key): /tɔ²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dó̤h
  - IPA ^(key): /tɔʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: toh / tok
  - Tâi-lô: toh / tok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doiq, dog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /toʔ³²/, /tɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /toʔ⁵/, /tɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /toʔ³²/, /tɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /toʔ³²/, /tɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤʔ³²/, /tɔk̚³²/

Note:

toh - vernacular;
tok - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: doh⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: toh
  - IPA ^(key): /toʔ²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsoq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊʔ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 桌
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂuo⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂuo⁴⁴/ /t͡suo⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂuo²¹/ /t͡suo²¹/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂuə²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂuə⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂuo²⁴/
	Xi'an	/p͡fo²¹/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂuə¹³/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡suɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡suo²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡so³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡so²¹/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂo³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂoʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂuɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡suaʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡suʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡suaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡soʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡soʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡soʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕo²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sɔʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡so⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡so²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ʈ͡ʂo²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sɔʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sok̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡sok̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰœk̚³/
	Nanning	/t͡sœk̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sœk̚³/ /t͡sʰœk̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/tɔk̚³²/ /toʔ³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/tɔʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/tɔ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/toʔ²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ʔdo⁵⁵/ /so³¹/ 訓床

Middle Chinese: /ʈˠʌk̚/▼

Rime
Character	桌
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	竹角切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/ȶɔk̚/
Wang Li	/ȶɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhuo

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤrawk/

(Zhengzhang): /*rteːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	桌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuō
Middle Chinese	‹ træwk ›
Old Chinese	/*tˤrawk/ (no pre-Qín exx.)
English	table
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	桌
Reading #	1/1
No.	17767
Phonetic component	卓
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	斲
Old Chinese	/*rteːwɢ/
Notes	卓古文，又今義亦卓晚起分化字

Definitions

桌

table; desk; stand
杯子在桌上。 ― Bēizǐ zài zhuō shàng. ― The cup is on the table.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 桌子 (“table”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		桌
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		桌子
Mandarin	Beijing	桌子
	Taiwan	桌子
	Tianjin	桌子
	Jinan	桌子
	Xi'an	桌子
	Wuhan	桌子
	Chengdu	桌子
	Yangzhou	桌子
	Hefei	桌子
	Malaysia	桌子、檯子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	檯
	Hong Kong	檯
	Taishan	檯
	Yangjiang	檯
Gan	Nanchang	桌子
Hakka	Meixian	桌仔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	桌仔
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	桌仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	桌仔
	Dongshi (Dabu)	桌
	Zhuolan (Raoping)	桌仔、桌
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	桌
Jin	Taiyuan	桌子
Min Bei	Jian'ou	桌
Min Dong	Fuzhou	桌
Min Nan	Xiamen	桌、桌仔
	Quanzhou	桌、桌仔
	Zhangzhou	桌
	Taipei	桌仔
	Kaohsiung	桌仔
	Tainan	桌仔
	Taichung	桌仔
	Hsinchu	桌仔
	Lukang	桌仔
	Sanxia	桌仔
	Yilan	桌仔
	Kinmen	桌
	Magong	桌
	Penang	桌
	Chaozhou	床
Wu	Shanghai	檯子
	Suzhou	檯子
	Wenzhou	桌
Xiang	Changsha	桌子
Xiang	Shuangfeng	桌子

Compounds

上桌 (shàngzhuō)
供桌 (gòngzhuō)
八仙桌 (bāxiānzhuō)
六仙桌
四仙桌
圍桌／围桌 (wéizhuō)
圓桌／圆桌 (yuánzhuō)
圓桌會議／圆桌会议 (yuánzhuō huìyì)
圓桌武士／圆桌武士
壓桌／压桌
平頭桌席／平头桌席
憑桌／凭桌
拍桌
拍桌驚嘆／拍桌惊叹
搭桌
方桌 (fāngzhuō)

書桌／书桌 (shūzhuō)
果桌
案桌
桌上型 (zhuōshàngxíng)
桌上型電腦／桌上型电脑 (zhuōshàngxíng diànnǎo)
桌墊／桌垫
桌子 (zhuōzi)
桌布 (zhuōbù)
桌席
桌曆／桌历
桌椅板凳
桌燈／桌灯 (zhuōdēng)
桌球 (zhuōqiú)
桌罩
桌面 (zhuōmiàn)

桌面兒上／桌面儿上
桌面系統／桌面系统
炕桌兒／炕桌儿
炕琴桌兒／炕琴桌儿
祭桌
茶桌
製圖桌／制图桌
課桌／课桌 (kèzhuō)
講桌／讲桌 (jiǎngzhuō)
辦公桌／办公桌 (bàngōngzhuō)
辦桌／办桌 (bànzhuō)
靈桌／灵桌
面桌
飯桌／饭桌 (fànzhuō)
餐桌 (cānzhuō)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (桌):

Japanese: 卓 (たく) (taku)
Korean: 탁 (桌, tak)

Others:

Khmer: តុ (tok)
Lao: ໂຕະ (to)
Thai: โต๊ะ (dtó)

Japanese

Kanji

桌

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): たく (taku)

Vietnamese

Han character

桌 (trác)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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