知識

See also: 知识

Chinese

		to know; to be aware	to record; write a footnote; to know to record; write a footnote; to know; knowledge
trad. (知識)		知	識
simp. (知识)		知	识

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhīshi, zhīshì

(Zhuyin): ㄓ ˙ㄕ, ㄓㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹ sik¹, zi³ sik¹
Min Dong (BUC): dĭ-sék
Min Nan (POJ): tì-sek / tì-siak / tì-sit
Wu (Wiktionary): tsr seq (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhīshi
  - Zhuyin: ㄓ ˙ㄕ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jy.shy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩²/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
  - Pinyin: zhīshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄕˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyshyh
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    知事
    知識／知识
    芝士
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
  - Jyutping: zi¹ sik¹, zi³ sik¹
  - Yale: jī sīk, ji sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹ sik⁷, dzi³ sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji¹ xig¹, ji³ xig¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/, /t͡siː³³ sɪk̚⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    姿色
    知悉
    知識／知识

Note: zi3 sik1 - also written as 智識.

Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dĭ-sék
  - IPA ^(key): /ti⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(s-)lɛiʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tì-sek
  - Tâi-lô: tì-sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dieseg
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ti²¹⁻⁴¹ ɕiɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ti¹¹⁻⁵³ ɕiɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ti²¹⁻⁵³ ɕiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tì-siak
  - Tâi-lô: tì-siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diesiag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ti⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɕiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tì-sit
  - Tâi-lô: tì-sit
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diesid
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ti²¹⁻⁵³ ɕit̚³²/

Note: also written as 智識.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsr seq (T1)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵⁵ səʔ²¹/

Middle Chinese: /ʈiᴇ ɕɨk̚/▼

Rime
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	支 (11)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟移切	賞職切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈiᴇ/	/ɕɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiɛ/	/ɕɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶjɛ/	/ɕiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈiə̆/	/ɕik̚/
Li Rong	/ȶie/	/ɕiək̚/
Wang Li	/ȶǐe/	/ɕĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶie̯/	/ɕi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zh-	shi

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'e tjɯɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	知
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhī
Middle Chinese	‹ trje ›
Old Chinese	/*tre/
English	know
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	11495	17244
Phonetic component	矢	戠
Rime group	支	代
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		志
Old Chinese	/*ʔl'e/	/*tjɯɡs/
Notes	沈兼士依韻會所引說文從口矢聲	戠轉註字

Noun

知識

knowledge
學習知識 / 学习知识 ― xuéxí zhīshí ― to acquire knowledge

更新知識 / 更新知识 ― gēngxīn zhīshí ― to renew one's knowledge

知識淵博 / 知识渊博 ― zhīshi yuānbó ― to be knowledgeable

圖書館是人類知識的海洋。 [MSC, trad.]
图书馆是人类知识的海洋。 [MSC, simp.]
Túshūguǎn shì rénlèi zhīshí de hǎiyáng. [Pinyin]
Libraries contain knowledge of human experience as vast as the open sea.
intellect; intelligence
(literary) acquaintance; friend

Synonyms

(chiefly Min Nan, Cantonese) 智識／智识 (zhìshí)

Derived terms

冷知識／冷知识 (lěngzhīshi)
知識分子／知识分子 (zhīshi fènzǐ)
知識就是力量／知识就是力量 (zhīshi jiùshì lìliàng)
知識工人／知识工人 (zhīshi gōngrén)
知識產業／知识产业 (zhīshi chǎnyè)
知識產權／知识产权 (zhīshi chǎnquán)

知識經濟／知识经济 (zhīshi jīngjì)
知識論／知识论 (zhīshilùn)
知識青年／知识青年 (zhīshi qīngnián)
知識面／知识面 (zhīshimiàn)
知識點／知识点 (zhīshidiǎn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (知識):

Japanese: 知識 (ちしき) (chishiki)
Korean: 지식 (知識, jisik)
Vietnamese: tri thức (知識)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhīshí, zhīshì

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄕˊ, ㄓㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹ sik¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhīshí
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄕˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyshy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
  - Pinyin: zhīshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄕˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyshyh
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    知事
    知識／知识
    芝士
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
  - Jyutping: zi¹ sik¹
  - Yale: jī sīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹ sik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji¹ xig¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    姿色
    知悉
    知識／知识

Middle Chinese: /ʈiᴇ ɕɨk̚/▼

Rime
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	支 (11)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟移切	賞職切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈiᴇ/	/ɕɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiɛ/	/ɕɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶjɛ/	/ɕiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈiə̆/	/ɕik̚/
Li Rong	/ȶie/	/ɕiək̚/
Wang Li	/ȶǐe/	/ɕĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶie̯/	/ɕi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zh-	shi

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'e tjɯɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	知
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhī
Middle Chinese	‹ trje ›
Old Chinese	/*tre/
English	know
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	知	識
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	11495	17244
Phonetic component	矢	戠
Rime group	支	代
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		志
Old Chinese	/*ʔl'e/	/*tjɯɡs/
Notes	沈兼士依韻會所引說文從口矢聲	戠轉註字

Verb

知識

(literary) to know; to be familiar with

Japanese

Kanji in this term
知	識
ち Grade: 2	しき Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) ちしき [chíꜜshìkì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [t͡ɕiɕikʲi]

Noun

知識 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 智識, hiragana ちしき, rōmaji chishiki)

knowledge
知識 (ちしき)を得 (え)る
chishiki o eru
to acquire knowledge

References

↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
知	識

Noun

知識 • (jisik) (hangeul 지식)

Hanja form^? of 지식 (“knowledge”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
知	識

Noun

知識

Hán tự form of tri thức, “knowledge”

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[NHK-1] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN