志

See also: 誌
志 U+5FD7, 志
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FD7
← 忖
[U+5FD6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 忘 →
[U+5FD8]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

志 (radical 61 心+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 土心 (GP), four-corner 40331, composition ⿱士心)

References

  • KangXi: page 376, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10331
  • Dae Jaweon: page 703, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2269, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5FD7

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (之) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
之 *tjɯ
芝 *tjɯ
志 *tjɯs
痣 *tjɯs
娡 *tjɯs
誌 *tjɯs
蚩 *tʰjɯ
妛 *tʰjɯ
嗤 *tʰjɯ
媸 *tʰjɯ
旹 *djɯ
滍 *diʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tjɯs) : phonetic 之 (OC *tjɯ) + semantic 心.

Note that the top has been simplified and is now graphically 士.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
 志
alt. forms
 
𢖽
𢗍
誌 partial
識 partial
痣 partial
䏯 partial

From 之 (OC *tjɯ, “to go; to proceed”) + endopassive suffix *-s, literally “what is being proceeded to” (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 志
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職吏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕɨH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕɨH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cɨH/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕiəH/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhì
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 志
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyiH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tə-s/
English goal, intention, aspiration

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 志
Reading # 1/1
No. 17190
Phonetic
component		 之
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 志
Old
Chinese		 /*tjɯs/
Notes 說文之聲

Definitions

志

  1. will; determination; aspiration; ambition
  2. annals; records; Alternative form of 誌.
  3. A surname​.

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 志 – see 誌 (“record; to memorize; etc.”).
(This character, 志, is the simplified form of 誌.)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji

志

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. purpose, will, determination, aspiration, ambition

Readings

Compounds

Usage notes

This is one of only three everyday kanji with a 5 morae reading, and one of only two nouns, namely 志 (こころざし) (kokorozashi) (nominalization of form of verb 志 (こころざ)す (kokorozasu), which has a four-mora reading). The only other kanji with five-mora readings are 承, in the verb 承 (うけたまわ)る (uketamawaru), and 詔 (みことのり) (mikotonori). No kanji in common use has a six- or more mora reading.

The unusually long reading is due to two factors: 志 (こころざし) (kokorozashi) is a nominalization of the verb 志 (こころざ)す (kokorozasu), which has a long reading (4 morae, kokoroza-su), which itself is a noun-verb compound, 心指 (こころざ)す (kokorozasu). The nominalization removing the okurigana, hence increasing the reading by one morae, yielding 4+1=5, or more finely 3+(1+1)=5 (compare common 話 (はなし) (hanashi) 2+1=3, from 話 (はな)す (hanasu)).

Korean

Hanja

志 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

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Vietnamese

Han character

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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