殼

See also: 壳 and 殻

殼	U+6BBC, 殼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BBC

← 殻
[U+6BBB]

CJK Unified Ideographs

殽 →
[U+6BBD]

Translingual

Traditional	殼
Shinjitai	殻
Simplified	壳

Han character

殼 (radical 79, 殳+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土弓竹弓水 (GNHNE), four-corner 4724₇, composition ⿹𣪊几)

Derived characters

𢡱, 𪆪

Related characters

殻 (Variant form used in Japan, see also its derived characters)

Descendants

壳 (Simplified Chinese)

References

KangXi: page 586, character 5

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16646

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2160, character 7

Unihan data for U+6BBC

Chinese

trad.		殼
simp.		壳^*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (殻) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
彀	*koːɡs
鷇	*kʰoːɡs
瞉	*kʰoːɡs
豰	pɢroːɡ, qʰoːɡ
瑴	kroːɡ, koːɡ
愨	*kʰroːɡ
殼	*kʰroːɡ
觳	kʰroːɡ, ɡoːɡ
嗀	qʰroːɡ, qʰoːɡ
穀	*kloːɡ
糓	*kloːɡ
轂	*kloːɡ
榖	*kloːɡ
瀔	*koːɡ
縠	*ɡloːɡ

Pictogram (象形) : a hand with a weapon-like object (殳) - presumably a mallet - preparing to strike a hanging percussion instrument (壳).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ké, qiào, què (ke², qiao⁴, que⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄜˊ, ㄑㄧㄠˋ, ㄑㄩㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hok³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hok
Min Nan (POJ): khak / khok
Wu (Wiktionary): khoq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: ké
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˊ
  - Wade–Giles: k'o²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ker
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Pinyin: kér
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˊㄦ
  - Wade–Giles: k'êrh²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kerl
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɤɻ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: qiào
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˋ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'iao⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiaw
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: què
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'üeh⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiueh
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰɥ̯œ⁵¹/

Note:

ké - colloquial;
qiào - literary;
què - literary (rare in Mainland).

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: hok³
  - Yale: hok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: hog³
  - IPA ^(key): /hɔːk̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hok
  - Hakka Romanization System: hog`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hog⁵
  - IPA: /hok̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khak / khok
  - Tâi-lô: khak / khok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qag, qog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰak̚³²/, /kʰɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰak̚⁵/, /kʰɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰak̚³²/, /kʰɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰak̚³²/, /kʰɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰak̚³²/, /kʰɔk̚³²/

Note: khak - vernacular, khok - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: khoq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰʊʔ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 殼
Mandarin	Beijing	/kʰɤ³⁵/ /t͡ɕʰiɑu⁵¹/
	Harbin	/kʰɤ²⁴/ /t͡ɕʰiau⁵³/
	Tianjin	/kʰɤ⁴⁵/ /t͡ɕʰiɑu⁵³/
	Jinan	/kʰə²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kʰə⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕʰyə⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/kʰɤ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kʰɤ²¹/
	Xining	/kʰu⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kʰə¹³/
	Lanzhou	/kʰə⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/kʰɤ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/kʰuo²¹³/
	Chengdu	/kʰo³¹/
	Guiyang	/kʰo²¹/
	Kunming	/kʰo³¹/
	Nanjing	/kʰoʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/kʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kʰaʔ²/
	Pingyao
	Hohhot	/kʰaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/kʰoʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/kʰoʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/kʰoʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/kʰo²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/kʰɔʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/kʰo⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/kʰo²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kʰo²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/kʰɔʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/hok̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/hok̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hɔk̚³/
	Nanning	/hɔk̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/hɔk̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kʰak̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kʰɔyʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kʰu²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kʰak̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/xak̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kʰˠʌk̚/▼

Rime
Character	殼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	苦角切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/kʰɔk̚/
Wang Li	/kʰɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	que

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[kʰ]ˤrok/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰroːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	殼
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	què
Middle Chinese	‹ khæwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[kʰ]ˤrok/
English	hollow shell, hollow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	殼
Reading #	1/1
No.	7419
Phonetic component	殻
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	㱿
Old Chinese	/*kʰroːɡ/
Notes	右下原作一，此後起通用字，見論衡

Definitions

殼

shell; husk; hull; skin; casing
貝殼 / 贝壳 ― bèiké ― shell; conch

蛋殼 / 蛋壳 ― dànké ― eggshell

地殼 / 地壳 ― dìqiào (Mainland), dìké (Taiwan) ― the Earth's crust

Compounds

介殼／介壳 (jièqiào)
介殼蟲／介壳虫
地殼／地壳 (dìqiào)
地殼變動／地壳变动
外殼／外壳 (wàiké)
彈殼／弹壳 (dànké)
怯殼兒／怯壳儿
板殼蟲／板壳虫
枳殼／枳壳 (zhǐké)
殼子／壳子
殼果／壳果
沙殼子／沙壳子
無殼蝸牛／无壳蜗牛

瓜子殼／瓜子壳
甲殼／甲壳 (jiǎké)
硬殼／硬壳
耳殼／耳壳
脫殼／脱壳 (tuōké)
脫殼金蟬／脱壳金蝉
腦殼／脑壳 (nǎoké)
船殼／船壳
菜殼子／菜壳子
薄殼／薄壳 (bóké)
蚌殼／蚌壳
蛋殼／蛋壳 (dànké)

蟹殼臉／蟹壳脸
貝殼／贝壳 (bèiké)
貝殼杉／贝壳杉
軀殼／躯壳 (qūqiào)
軟殼雞蛋／软壳鸡蛋
金蟬脫殼／金蝉脱壳 (jīnchántuōqiào)
錶殼兒／表壳儿
鐵殼船／铁壳船
頭髮殼子／头发壳子
駁殼槍／驳壳枪
鬼摸腦殼／鬼摸脑壳
龜殼花／龟壳花 (guīkéhuā)

Japanese

Shinjitai	殻
Kyūjitai	殼

Kanji

殼

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 殻)

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Readings

On (unclassified): かく (kaku), こく (koku)

Kun: から (kara)

Korean

Hanja

殼 • (gak) (hangeul 각, revised gak, McCune–Reischauer kak, Yale kak)

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Vietnamese

Han character

殼 (xác, nôi)

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