臉

See also: 脸
臉 U+81C9, 臉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81C9
← 臈
[U+81C8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 臊 →
[U+81CA]

Translingual

Han character

臉 (radical 130 肉+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月人一人 (BOMO), four-corner 78286, composition ⿰⺼僉)

References

  • KangXi: page 996, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29954
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1447, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2117, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+81C9

Chinese

trad. 臉
simp. 脸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (僉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
厱 *raːm, *kʰreːm, *kʰlam
歛 *qʰlaːm
臉 *ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ
醶 *ɡr·reːmʔ, *skʰraːmʔ
鹼 *kreːmʔ, *skʰlam
薟 *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰram
匳 *ɡ·ram
獫 *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams, *qʰramʔ
蘞 *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰlam
籢 *ɡ·ram
斂 *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
瀲 *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
撿 *ɡ·ramʔ, *kramʔ
羷 *ɡ·ramʔ
殮 *ɡ·rams
簽 *skʰlam
僉 *skʰlam
憸 *skʰlam, *skʰlamʔ, *sqʰlam, *qʰramʔ
譣 *skʰlam, *qʰramʔ
檢 *kramʔ
瞼 *kramʔ
儉 *ɡramʔ
顩 *ŋramʔ, *rlɯmʔ, *kʰrɯmʔ
嬐 *ŋramʔ
嶮 *ŋramʔ, *hŋramʔ
噞 *ŋramʔ, *ŋrams
驗 *ŋrams
險 *qʰramʔ
劒 *kams
劍 *kams
𩏩 *qʰam

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ) : semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-gram (“cheek; face”). Cognate with Tibetan འགྲམ་པ ('gram pa, “cheek”), འགྲམ་རུས ('gram rus, “cheekbone”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • lián - vernacular;
  • liám - literary.
Rime
Character 臉 臉
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 清 (14) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 鹽 (153) 咸 (151)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III II
Fanqie 七廉切 力減切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡sʰiᴇm/ /lˠɛmX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡sʰiɛm/ /lᵚæmX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡sʰjæm/ /lɐmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sʰiam/ /ləɨmX/
Li
Rong		 /t͡sʰiɛm/ /lɐmX/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sʰĭɛm/ /lɐmX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡sʰi̯ɛm/ /lămX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qiān lǎn
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 臉 臉 臉
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 10180 10203 10212
Phonetic
component		 僉 僉 僉
Rime
group		 談 談 談
Rime
subdivision		 2 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 臉 籤 檢
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡ·reːmʔ/ /*skʰlam/ /*kramʔ/
Notes 瞼分化字

Definitions

臉

  1. † (anatomy) cheek
  2. (anatomy) face
  3. (by extension) facial expression; complexion
  4. (figuratively) front part of something
  5. (figuratively) reputation; face; image

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 臉 (“face”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 面、顏
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 臉
Mandarin Beijing 臉
Taiwan 臉
Tianjin 臉
Harbin 臉
Hailar 臉蛋子
Ulan Hot 臉蛋子
Tongliao 臉蛋子
Chifeng 臉
Bayanhot 臉
Jinan 臉
Muping 臉
Luoyang 臉
Jiedian 臉
Xi'an 臉
Xining 臉
Xuzhou 臉、臉兒、臉膛子
Yinchuan 臉
Lanzhou 臉
Ürümqi 臉
Wuhan 臉
Chengdu 臉
Guiyang 臉
Guilin 臉
Liuzhou 臉
Yangzhou 臉
Nanjing 臉
Hefei 臉
Cantonese Guangzhou 面
Hong Kong 面
Dongguan 面
Hong Kong (Weitou) 面
Taishan 面
Yangjiang 面
Nanning 面
Wuzhou 面
Yulin 面
Hepu 面
Kuala Lumpur 面
Gan Nanchang 臉
Lichuan 面
Pingxiang 面
Hakka Meixian 面
Xingning 面
Huidong 面
Qujiang 面
Xiaosanjiang 面
Luchuan 面
Changting 面
Pingyu 面
Wuping 面
Liancheng 面
Ninghua 面
Yudu 面盤
Ruijin 面
Shicheng 面
Shangyou 面
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 面
Liudui (S. Sixian) 面
Hsinchu (Hailu) 面
Dongshi (Dabu) 面
Zhuolan (Raoping) 面
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 面
Hong Kong 面
Sabah 面、面鉢
Senai 面鉢
Singkawang 面
Huizhou Jixi 面
Jin Taiyuan 臉
Xinzhou 臉
Baochang 臉
Jining 臉
Hohhot 臉
Baotou 臉
Dongsheng 眉眼
Linhe 臉
Haibowan 面
Min Bei Jian'ou 面
Min Dong Fuzhou 面
Fuqing 面、面䫌
Matsu 面
Min Nan Xiamen 面
Quanzhou 面
Zhangzhou 面
Taipei 面
Kaohsiung 面
Tainan 面
Taichung 面
Hsinchu 面
Lukang 面
Sanxia 面
Yilan 面
Kinmen 面
Magong 面
Penang 面
Singapore 面
Philippines (Manila) 面
Pingnan 面
Chaozhou 面
Johor Bahru 面
Haikou 面
Leizhou 面
Puxian Min Putian 面
Pinghua Nanning 面
Guilin 面
Wu Shanghai 面孔、面顴
Suzhou 面孔
Hangzhou 臉、臉孔
Wenzhou 面股、面
Chongming 面孔
Danyang 面孔
Jinhua 面、面孔
Ningbo 面孔
Xiang Changsha 臉
Shuangfeng 面
Loudi 面
Quanzhou 臉

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

臉

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Vietnamese

Han character

臉 (kiểm, quặm)

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