渴

See also: 渇

渴	U+6E34, 渴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E34

← 渳
[U+6E33]

CJK Unified Ideographs

渵 →
[U+6E35]

Translingual

Han character

渴 (radical 85 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水日心女 (EAPV), four-corner 3612₇, composition ⿰氵曷)

References

KangXi: page 635, character 9

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17788

Dae Jaweon: page 1042, character 7

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1676, character 4

Unihan data for U+6E34

Chinese

simp. and trad.		渴

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 渴
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
愒	kʰaːds, kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤	*qaːds
靄	qaːds, qaːd
餲	qraːds, qrads, ɡaːd, qaːd
喝	qraːds, qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭	kʰrads, ked, kʰrad, ɡrad, kad, ɡad
偈	ɡrads, ɡrad
猲	kʰob, qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛	*kaːd
輵	*kaːd
獦	klaːd, rab
渴	kʰaːd, ɡrad
嵑	*kʰaːd
暍	qʰaːd, qad
曷	*ɡaːd
褐	*ɡaːd
鶡	*ɡaːd
毼	*ɡaːd
蝎	*ɡaːd
鞨	ɡaːd, ɢljad
遏	*qaːd
齃	*qaːd
堨	*qaːd
擖	kʰreːd, kraːd, *r'aːb
楬	kʰraːd, ɡrad, *ɡad
朅	*kʰrad
藒	*kʰrad
竭	ɡrad, ɡad
碣	ɡrad, ɡad
羯	*kad
鍻	*kad
歇	*qʰad
蠍	*qʰad
謁	*qad

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kě (ke³)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄜˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hot³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hot
Min Dong (BUC): kák
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khoah / khat

(Teochew, Peng'im): guah⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): kheq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: kě
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˇ
  - Wade–Giles: k'o³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kee
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: hot³
  - Yale: hot
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hot⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: hod³
  - IPA ^(key): /hɔːt̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hot
  - Hakka Romanization System: hod`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hod⁵
  - IPA: /hot̚²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kák
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɑʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoah / khat
  - Tâi-lô: khuah / khat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoaq, qad
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰuaʔ³²/, /kʰat̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰuaʔ⁵/, /kʰat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰuaʔ³²/, /kʰat̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰuaʔ³²/, /kʰat̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰuaʔ³²/, /kʰat̚³²/

Note:

khoah - vernacular;
khat - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: guah⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuah
  - IPA ^(key): /kuaʔ²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: kheq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰəʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɑt̚/, /ɡˠiᴇt̚/▼

Rime
Character	渴	渴
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	曷 (63)	薛 (83)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	Chongniu III
Fanqie	苦曷切	渠列切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɑt̚/	/ɡˠiᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰɑt̚/	/ɡᵚiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɑt̚/	/ɡiæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰat̚/	/giat̚/
Li Rong	/kʰɑt̚/	/ɡjɛt̚/
Wang Li	/kʰɑt̚/	/ɡĭɛt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰɑt̚/	/gi̯ɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ke	jué

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-[k]ʰˤat/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰaːd/, /*ɡrad/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	渴
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kě
Middle Chinese	‹ khat ›
Old Chinese	/*Nə-[k]ʰˤat/
English	thirsty
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	渴	渴
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	5025	5055
Phonetic component	曷	曷
Rime group	月	月
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	渴	傑
Old Chinese	/*kʰaːd/	/*ɡrad/
Notes	說文右加欠	後通作竭

Definitions

渴

thirsty

口渴 ― kǒukě ― thirsty

渴望 ― kěwàng ― to thirst/to long for

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 渴 (“thirsty”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		口渴
Mandarin	Beijing	渴
	Taiwan	渴
	Jinan	渴
	Xi'an	渴、炕
	Wuhan	渴、口乾
	Chengdu	口乾、渴
	Yangzhou	嘴乾
	Hefei	渴、口乾
Cantonese	Guangzhou	頸渴
	Hong Kong	頸渴
	Taishan	頸渴
	Yangjiang	頸渴、渴
Gan	Nanchang	渴
Hakka	Meixian	肚渴、渴
	Xingning	嘴渴
	Huidong	渴
	Qujiang	頸渴
	Xiaosanjiang	頸渴
	Changting	嘴燥
	Pingyu	肚渴
	Wuping	嘴恁燥、嘴恁渴
	Liancheng	嘴燥
	Ninghua	口燥
	Ruijin	嘴燥
	Shicheng	嘴燥
	Shangyou	口乾
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	嘴渴、肚渴
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	嘴渴、肚渴
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	嘴渴、肚渴
	Dongshi (Dabu)	嘴渴、肚渴
	Zhuolan (Raoping)	嘴渴、肚渴
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	嘴渴
Jin	Taiyuan	渴
Min Bei	Jian'ou	喙焦
Min Dong	Fuzhou	渴、喙焦
Min Dong	Matsu	喙焦
Min Nan	Xiamen	喙焦、喙渴
	Quanzhou	喙焦
	Zhangzhou	喙焦、喙渴、喙堅
	Taipei	喙焦
	Kaohsiung	喙焦
	Tainan	喙焦
	Taichung	喙焦
	Hsinchu	喙焦
	Lukang	喙焦
	Sanxia	喙焦喉渴
	Yilan	喙焦
	Kinmen	喙焦
	Magong	喙焦
	Penang	喙焦
	Philippines (Manila)	喙焦
	Chaozhou	喉焦
Wu	Suzhou	嘴乾
Wu	Wenzhou	渴、口燥
Xiang	Changsha	口乾、乾
Xiang	Shuangfeng	口乾、乾

Compounds

乾渴／干渴
口渴 (kǒukě)
叫渴
如飢似渴／如饥似渴
如饑似渴／如饥似渴
如饑如渴／如饥如渴
忍饑受渴／忍饥受渴
怒猊渴驥／怒猊渴骥
思渴
思賢如渴／思贤如渴
悶悶渴渴／闷闷渴渴
愛才若渴／爱才若渴
援溺振渴
望梅止渴 (wàngméizhǐkě)
望梅消渴
止渴 (zhǐkě)
止渴思梅
止渴飲鴆／止渴饮鸩
求才若渴
求賢如渴／求贤如渴

求賢若渴／求贤若渴
消渴
消渴症
渴仰
渴待
渴念
渴想
渴慕 (kěmù)
渴懷／渴怀
渴望 (kěwàng)
渴欲
渴求 (kěqiú)
渴澤／渴泽
渴烏／渴乌
渴病
渴盼
渴睡
渴睡漢／渴睡汉
渴筆／渴笔
渴而穿井

渴葬
渴賞／渴赏
渴雨
渴飲飢餐／渴饮饥餐
渴驥奔泉／渴骥奔泉
焦渴
生津止渴
盜泉寧渴／盗泉宁渴
相如病渴
臨渴掘井／临渴掘井 (línkějuéjǐng)
臨渴穿井／临渴穿井
解渴 (jiěkě)
說梅止渴／说梅止渴
頸渴／颈渴
飢渴／饥渴 (jīkě)
飢渴交攻／饥渴交攻
飢渴交迫／饥渴交迫
飢餐渴飲／饥餐渴饮
飲鴆止渴／饮鸩止渴 (yǐnzhènzhǐkě)

Japanese

Shinjitai	渇
Kyūjitai	渴

Kanji

渴

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 渇)

Readings

On (unclassified): かつ (katsu); かち (kachi); けつ (ketsu); げち (gechi); かい (kai)

Kun: かわく (kawaku, 渴く)

Korean

Hanja

渴 • (gal, geol)

Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 갈, 걸 (McCune–Reischauer: kal, kŏl, Yale: kal, kel)
- Name (hangeul): 목마를

thirsty

Vietnamese

Han character

渴 (khát, kiệt, hạt)

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