朝

朝 U+671D, 朝
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-671D
← 朜
[U+671C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 朞 →
[U+671E]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

朝 (radical 74, 月+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 十十月 (JJB), four-corner 47420, composition ⿰龺月)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 506, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14374
  • Dae Jaweon: page 885, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2084, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+671D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 朝

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (朝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嘲 *ʔr'eːw
廟 *mrews
朝 *ʔr'ew, *r'ew
潮 *r'ew

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔr'ew, *r'ew) : phonetic 𠦝 + semantic 月.

The left side (𠦝) is a pictograph of the sunrise as seen through some trees. The right-side 月 is actually a graphical corruption of 川 (“river”).

Etymology

“Morning” > “perform the morning ceremony” > “to go/come to court; to have an audience”. Derivative: 潮 (OC *r'ew, “morning tide”).

Perhaps related to Thai เพรา (prao, “morning”) (Manomaivibool, 1975).

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 朝
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 宵 (92)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 陟遙切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʈˠiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈᵚiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȶiæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈiaw/
Li
Rong		 /ȶjɛu/
Wang
Li		 /ȶĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȶi̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhāo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 朝
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhāo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ trjew ›
Old
Chinese		 /*t<r>aw/
English morning

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 朝
Reading # 1/2
No. 1307
Phonetic
component		 朝
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 朝
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔr'ew/
Notes 甲文作日月同在草中表清晨，非舟聲

Definitions

朝

  1. morning
    朝夕  ―  zhāoxī  ―  morning and evening; all the time
  2. breakfast
  3. moment; short period
  4. daytime; day; full day
  5. active; energetic; lively
  6. A surname​.

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 朝
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 宵 (92)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 直遙切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɖˠiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɖᵚiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȡiæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɖiaw/
Li
Rong		 /ȡjɛu/
Wang
Li		 /ȡĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȡʱi̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 cháo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 朝
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cháo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ drjew ›
Old
Chinese		 /*m-t<r>aw/
English (morning) audience at court

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 朝
Reading # 2/2
No. 1309
Phonetic
component		 朝
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 𪓙
Old
Chinese		 /*r'ew/

Definitions

朝

  1. (historical) to wish elders or seniors good health; to visit (a senior person)
  2. (historical) to have an audience with the king or emperor; to perform the morning ceremony; to go to court
  3. to make a pilgrimage to; to pay homage to
  4. to assemble; to call; to gather
  5. imperial court
  6. dynasty (line of rulers)
  7. emperor's reign; period ruled by a particular emperor or king
  8. government; imperial government
  9. affairs of the state
  10. (historical) courtier class
  11. towards; to; on; facing
    朝前看  ―  cháo qián kàn  ―  look ahead [lit. look to the front]
  12. Short for 朝鮮／朝鲜 (Cháoxiǎn, “North Korea; Korea”).

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

朝

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. morning
  2. dynasty; regime
  3. epoch; period
  4. Korea; (more specifically) North Korea

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
朝
あさ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Historically a day was split into two halves:

While asa and ashita represent the same time period, asa was associated with beginning of the afternoon and ashita was associated with the end of the night. Both terms share an initial as- and are likely etymologically related.

Pronunciation

Noun

朝 (hiragana あさ, rōmaji asa)

  1. morning

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
朝
あした
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Historically a day was split into two halves:

While asa and ashita represent the same time period, asa was associated with beginning of the afternoon and ashita was associated with the end of the night. Both terms share an initial as- and are likely etymologically related.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

朝 (hiragana あした, rōmaji ashita)

  1. morning
Usage notes

The spelling 明日 is much more common in modern Japanese.

Etymology 3

Suffix

Kanji in this term
朝
ちょう
Grade: 2
on’yomi
  1. dynasty
    ブルボン朝
    the Bourbon Dynasty

References

  1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

Korean

Hanja

朝 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)

  1. dynasty, imperial court
    조선 (朝鮮, Joseon) — Korea
    왕조 (王朝, wangjo) — dynasty

Vietnamese

Han character

朝 (triều, chầu, chào, tràu, trều, triêu, chiều, giàu, giầu, trào)

  1. Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 朝 (“to meet; to meet a senior person; to attend the emperor's audience”; SV: triều).
  2. Related to chầu (“to attend an audience; to attend upon (in design)”). (Nguyễn Văn Khang. Từ ngoại lai trong tiếng Việt, 2007)

Readings

  • Nôm: chào, chầu, chiều, chìu, dèo, giàu, trào, trèo, triêu, triều

References

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville
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