脂

脂 U+8102, 脂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8102
← 脁
[U+8101] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 脃 →
[U+8103]

Translingual

Han character

脂 (radical 130 肉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月心日 (BPA), four-corner 71261, composition ⿰月旨(GJK) or ⿰⺼旨(HT))

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 981, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29463
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2069, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8102

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 脂

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 脂
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (旨) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
稽 *kiː, *kʰiːʔ
詣 *ŋɡiːs
栺 *ŋɡiːs, *kji
榰 *klje
脂 *kji
鴲 *kji, *kjis
指 *kjiʔ
旨 *kjiʔ
恉 *kjiʔ
嗜 *ɡjis
蓍 *qʰlji
鰭 *ɡri
耆 *ɡri
鮨 *ɡri
鬐 *ɡri

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kji) : semantic 月 (“meat”) + phonetic 旨 (OC *kjiʔ).

Etymology

It is thought to descend from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsil (“fat, grease”), although the initial does not match the one of the Old Chinese reconstruction (Matisoff, STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 脂
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 脂 (15)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 旨夷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕiɪ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕjɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ci/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕi/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhī
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 脂
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyij ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kij/
English fat, grease

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 脂
Reading # 1/1
No. 17322
Phonetic
component		 旨
Rime
group		 脂
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 脂
Old
Chinese		 /*kji/

Definitions

脂

  1. fat; grease; lard
  2. Short for 胭脂 (yānzhī, “rouge”).

Compounds

  • 不施脂粉
  • 乳脂湯／乳脂汤
  • 低脂
  • 全脂奶粉
  • 六朝脂粉
  • 凝脂 (níngzhī)
  • 卵磷脂 (luǎnlínzhī)
  • 口脂
  • 合成樹脂／合成树脂
  • 塗脂抹粉／涂脂抹粉
  • 抹粉施脂
  • 掠脂斡肉
  • 搽脂抹粉
  • 擦脂抹粉
  • 松脂 (sōngzhī)
  • 松脂石
  • 樹脂／树脂 (shùzhī)
  • 民脂民膏 (mínzhīmíngāo)
  • 民膏民脂
  • 氟樹脂／氟树脂
  • 油脂 (yóuzhī)
  • 燕脂
  • 瓊脂／琼脂 (qióngzhī)
  • 畫脂鏤冰／画脂镂冰
  • 皮脂 (pízhī)
  • 皮脂腺 (pízhīxiàn)
  • 石脂
  • 硬脂
  • 硬脂酸 (yìngzhīsuān)
  • 磷脂質／磷脂质
  • 礦脂／矿脂 (kuàngzhī)
  • 羊毛脂
  • 羊脂玉
  • 羊脂白
  • 胭脂 (yānzhī)
  • 胭脂井
  • 胭脂花粉
  • 胭脂虎
  • 胰脂酶
  • 脂油 (zhīyóu)
  • 脂澤／脂泽
  • 脂粉 (zhīfěn)
  • 脂粉小說／脂粉小说
  • 脂粉氣／脂粉气

Japanese

Kanji

脂

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. fat

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
脂
あぶら
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

脂 (hiragana あぶら, rōmaji abura)

  1. fat

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
脂
やに
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

脂 (hiragana やに, rōmaji yani)

  1. resin
  2. tar (byproduct of tobacco smoke)
  3. rheum

Synonyms

References

  1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

脂 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  • KangXi: page 981, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29463
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2069, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8102

Vietnamese

Han character

脂 (chi, chỉ, mạnh)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.