假

See also: 仮 and 段
假 U+5047, 假
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5047
← 偆
[U+5046] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 偈 →
[U+5048]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

假 (radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人口卜水 (ORYE), four-corner 27247, composition ⿰亻叚)

Derived characters

  • 𠽙, 𪝪, 𫖄, 𦹜, 𣘟

References

  • KangXi: page 110, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 835
  • Dae Jaweon: page 233, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 196, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5047

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 假

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 假
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script

s05789

Transcribed ancient scripts

L35016

L35017

L35018

L35019

L35020

L35021

L35022

L35023

L35024

L35025

L35026

L35027

L17232

L17233

L17234

L17235

L17236

L17237

L17238

L17239

L17240

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (叚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
葭 *kraː
麚 *kraː
瘕 *kraː, *kraːʔ
豭 *kraː
貑 *kraː
猳 *kraː
犌 *kraː
假 *kraːʔ, *kraːs
嘏 *kraːʔ
婽 *kraːʔ
椵 *kraːʔ
叚 *kraːʔ
蝦 *qʰraː, *ɡraː
煆 *qʰraː, *qʰraːs
霞 *ɡraː
遐 *ɡraː
瑕 *ɡraː
鰕 *ɡraː
碬 *ɡraː
蕸 *ɡraː
赮 *ɡraː
鍜 *ɡraː
騢 *ɡraː
暇 *ɡraːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kraːʔ, *kraːs) : semantic 人 + phonetic 叚 (OC *kraːʔ).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • ké/kée - vernacular;
  • ká - literary.
Note:
  • gê2 - vernacular;
  • gia2 - literary.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: ka (T2); jia (T2)
      • IPA (key): /ka̱³⁴/, /t͡ɕia̱³⁴/
Note:
  • 2ka - vernacular;
  • 2jia - literary.
Rime
Character 假
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古疋切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠaX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚaX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kaX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kaɨX/
Li
Rong		 /kaX/
Wang
Li		 /kaX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kaX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiǎ
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 假 假
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiǎ jiǎ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kæX › ‹ kæX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*Cə.kˤraʔ/ /*kˤraʔ/
English borrow; false great

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 假
Reading # 1/2
No. 5955
Phonetic
component		 叚
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 檟
Old
Chinese		 /*kraːʔ/

Definitions

假

  1. fake; not real; artificial
    假貨 / 假货  ―  jiǎhuò  ―  counterfeit goods
  2. falsehood; deception
  3. to fake; to pretend
  4. to lend; to borrow; to loan
  5. if; assuming

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
    • kè - vernacular;
    • kà - literary.
Note:
  • gê3 - vernacular;
  • gian2 - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 假 (放假)
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕia⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕia⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕiɑ⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕia²¹/
Qingdao /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕia³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕia¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕia¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕia⁴²/
Chengdu /t͡ɕia⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕia̠²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiɑ⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕia²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕia⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiɑ³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ka³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕiɑ⁵¹³/
/kɑ⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕiɑ⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /ko⁴²/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕia³⁵/
Tunxi /kɔ³¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕia⁴¹/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕiɒ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /kɑ²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /ka³¹/
Taoyuan /kɑ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ka³³/
Nanning /kʰa³³/
Hong Kong /ka³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ka²¹/
/ke²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kɑ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ka²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kia⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kɛ³⁵/
Rime
Character 假
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古訝切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠaH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚaH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kaɨH/
Li
Rong		 /kaH/
Wang
Li		 /kaH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kaH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jià
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 假
Reading # 2/2
No. 5961
Phonetic
component		 叚
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 駕
Old
Chinese		 /*kraːs/

Definitions

假

  1. vacation
    病假  ―  bìngjià  ―  sick leave
    假日  ―  jiàrì  ―  holiday

Compounds

Japanese

Shinjitai

 仮

Kyūjitai

 假

Kanji

假

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 仮)

  1. temporary
  2. interim
  3. assumed (name)
  4. informal

Readings

Korean

Hanja

假 • (ga, ha)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 가, 하 (revised: ga, ha, McCune–Reischauer: ka, ha)
    • Name (hangeul): 거짓
  1. False

Vietnamese

Han character

假 (giả, giá, hạ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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