体

See also: 體, 休, and 𠇾
体 U+4F53, 体
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F53
← 佒
[U+4F52] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 佔 →
[U+4F54]

Translingual

Japanese 体
Simplified 体
Traditional 體/体

Alternative forms

In the historical Chinese dictionary Longkan Shoujian (龍龕手鑑), this character is written in the form of ⿰亻夲.

Han character

体 (radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人木一 (ODM), four-corner 25230, composition ⿰亻本)

Derived characters

  • 𭈄, 𭰟, 𬌕, 𫌠/𧡊, 𥮋

References

  • KangXi: page 98, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 509
  • Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 130, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4F53

Usage notes

  • Readings as traditional 体 (coarse; inferior):
    ban6 (Cantonese), bèn (Mandarin), bun (Korean), hon (Japanese).
  • Readings as simplification of 體 (body; group):
    tai2 (Cantonese), tǐ (Mandarin), che (Korean), tei or tai (Japanese), thể (Vietnamese).

Chinese

Etymology 1

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 亻 (“person”) + 本 (“basis”).

For pronunciation and definitions of 体 – see 體 (“body; part of the body; etc.”).
(This character, 体, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 體.)
Notes:

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
 体

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (本) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
本 *pɯːnʔ
笨 *pɯːnʔ, *bɯːnʔ
苯 *pɯːnʔ
翉 *pʰɯːnʔ
体 *bɯːnʔ
鉢 *poːd
缽 *poːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bɯːnʔ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 本 (OC *pɯːnʔ).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 体
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蒲本切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /buənX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /buonX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /buənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /bwənX/
Li
Rong		 /buənX/
Wang
Li		 /buənX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱuənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 bèn
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 体
Reading # 1/1
No. 477
Phonetic
component		 本
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 獖
Old
Chinese		 /*bɯːnʔ/
Notes 晉書作笨

Definitions

体

  1. Alternative form of 笨 (bèn). (coarse appearance; inferior)
  2. Used in 体夫. (pallbearer)
Compounds
  • 体夫

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.
 体

Pronunciation

Definitions

体

  1. ‡ name of prison

Japanese

Shinjitai

 体

Kyūjitai

 體

Kanji 1

体

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 體)

  1. body

Readings

Kanji 2

体
(Uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, co-opted for common use, see above)
  1. inferior[1]
  2. rough, rude (same as 笨)[1]

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
体
からだ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

体 (hiragana からだ, rōmaji karada)

  1. body
    • 2004 November 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第だい二十六訓くん　旅たびにはパンツは忘わすれてもＵＮＯウノは忘わすれるな [Lesson 26: Never Forget to Bring UNO on a Trip Even If You Might Forget Your Underwear]”, in 銀ぎん魂たま [Silver Soul], volume 4 (fiction, in Japanese), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
      あー　身体 (からだ)も重 (おも)いし　完全 (かんぜん)に二 (ふつ)日 (か)酔 (よ)いじゃの〰アッハッハッハッハッ
      Ā karada mo omoishi Kanzen ni futsukayoi ja no~Ahhahhahhahha'
      Agh, my body feels all heavy. Must be the hangover〰Ahahahaha
  2. health
Derived terms
  • 体付 (からだつ)き (karadatsuki)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
体
たい
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 體 (thejX, “body”).

Pronunciation

Counter

体 (hiragana たい, rōmaji -tai)

  1. counter for humanoid objects
    • 2017 March 25, “リンク・スパイダー [Link Spider]”, in ＳＴＡＲＴＥＲスターター ＤＥＣＫデッキ, Konami:
      通つう常じょうモンスター１体たい
      ①：１ターンに１度ど、自じ分ぶんメインフェイズに発はつ動どうできる。手て札ふだからレベル４以い下かの通つう常じょうモンスター１体たいをこのカードのリンク先さきに特とく殊しゅ召しょう喚かんする。
      Tsūjō Monsutā ittai
      ①: Ittān ni ichi-do, jibun Mein Feizu ni hatsudō dekiru. Tefuda kara Reberu 4 ika no Tsūjō Monsutā ittai o kono kādo no Rinku-saki ni Tokushu Shōkansuru.
      1 or more Normal Monsters
      ①: Once per turn, can be activated during your Main Phase. Special Summon 1 Normal Monster of Level 4 or lower from your hand to where this card is linked to.

Noun

体 (hiragana たい, rōmaji tai)

  1. body
  2. form
  3. (algebra) field (commutative ring with invertible nonzero elements)
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
体
てい
Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

体 (hiragana てい, rōmaji tei)

  1. appearance
Derived terms

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大漢和辞典 (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, "Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary"). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.
  2. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1 2 3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

体 (eumhun 용렬할 분 (yongnyeolhal bun))

  1. mediocre
  2. rough
  3. pallbearer

Etymology 2

Hanja

体 (eumhun 몸 체 (mom che))

  1. body
  2. personally
  3. shape
  4. root
  5. formality
  6. matter
  7. object
  8. handwriting
  9. style
  10. experience
  11. get by experience
  12. acknowledge
  13. think

Vietnamese

Etymology 1

Han character

体 (thể)

  1. body

Etymology 2

Han character

体 (thấy)

  1. Alternative form of 𫌠/𧡊 (to see)
References
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