der

See also: Der, dér, dêr, dër, -der, and der-

English

Alternative forms

dere

Etymology

Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.

Pronunciation

(AAVE) IPA^(key): /dɛː(ɹ)/
Homophone: dare

Adverb

der (not comparable)

Nonstandard spelling of there.

Interjection

der

Nonstandard spelling of there.

Noun

der (uncountable)

Nonstandard spelling of there.

Pronoun

der

Nonstandard spelling of there.

Derived terms

der's

Anagrams

-red, DRE, ERD, RED, Red, erd, red

Danish

Alternative forms

dær (obsolete)

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -ar

Adverb

der

there (in or at that place)

Pronoun

der

(relative) who, whom, which, that

Usage notes

Only used when the relative pronoun is subject
Som can be used for all positions (including subject)

Dutch

Pronunciation

stressed

IPA^(key): /dɛr/

unstressed

IPA^(key): /dər/

Etymology 1

Unstressed form of daar (“there”).

Adverb

der

there

Synonyms

daar, ginder, ginds

Antonyms

hier, her

Etymology 2

Article

der

(dated) genitive singular feminine of de; of the.

geschiedenis der Nederlandsche taal ― history of the Dutch language
(dated) genitive plural of de; of the.

het koninkrijk der Nederlanden ― the kingdom of the Netherlands
(dated) dative singular feminine of de.

Usage notes

Only the nominative forms are common in modern usage. Accusative and dative forms are archaic and limited to fixed expressions. Genitive forms, while still productive and regiolectal, are not part of the standardized varieties and mainly reserved for poetic and literary language. They are also found as part of surnames.

Inflection

**Dutch definite article**
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	de	de	het	de
Genitive	des	der	des	der
Dative	den	der	den	den
Accusative	den	de	het	de

Anagrams

red

French

Etymology

Apocope of dernier

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dɛʁ/

Noun

der m, f (plural ders)

last
la der des ders - the war that ends all wars (referring to the First World War; literally means the last of the lasts or the very last one)

Galician

Verb

der

first-person singular future subjunctive of dar
third-person singular future subjunctive of dar

German

Etymology

From Middle High German der, from Old High German der, ther, replacing the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection. Compare also Old Dutch thie and Old English þē where the same process occurred.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /deːr/
IPA^(key): [deːɐ̯] (stressed)
IPA^(key): [dɛɐ̯], [dɐ] (unstressed)
IPA^(key): [də] (unstressed, some dialects, feminine article only)
audio (file)
Rhymes: -eːɐ̯
In colloquial speech in Germany, the /d/ can assimilate to a preceding coronal when the word is unstressed.

Article

der (definite)

the; definite article for several declensions:
1. Nominative singular masculine
2. Genitive singular feminine
3. Dative singular feminine
4. Genitive plural for all genders.

Declension

German definite articles
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	der	die	das	die
Genitive	des	der	des	der
Dative	dem	der	dem	den
Accusative	den	die	das	die

Old Declension

German definite articles
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	der	die	das (older also: daß)	die
Genitive	des (older also: deß)	der	des (older also: deß)	deren or derer, also der
Dative	dem	der	dem	denen, also den
Accusative	den	die	das (older also: daß)	die

This older declension is nowadays not used anymore.
For examples see Citations:der.

Derived terms

Pronoun

der m (relative)

who; that; which

Ich kenne einen Mann, der das kann. ― I know a man who can do that.

Usage notes

In a subordinate clause, indicates a person or thing referenced in the main clause. Used with masculine singular referents.

Declension

Declension of der
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	der	die	das	die
genitive	dessen	deren younger also: derer	dessen	derer deren
dative	dem	der	dem	denen
accusative	den	die	das	die

By modern grammar works it is said that derer and deren can both be used without difference.
Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.

Old Declension

Declension of der
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	der	die	das older also: daß	die
genitive	dessen older also: deß, des	deren older also: der, dero	dessen older also: deß, des	derer also: deren older also: dero
dative	dem older also: deme	der	dem older also: deme	denen
accusative	den	die	das older also: daß	die

Pronoun

der (demonstrative)

(attributive, stressed) that

Der Mann war es! ― It was that man!
(indicative) him, he

Der hat es getan! ― It was him who did it!
(differential) the one, him

Der mit dem Mantel ― The one with the coat

Declension

Declension of der
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	der	die	das	die
genitive	dessen	deren younger also: derer	dessen	derer deren
dative	dem	der	dem	denen
accusative	den	die	das	die

By modern grammar works it is said that derer is used cataphoric, while deren is used anaphoric.
Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.

Old Declension

Declension of der
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	der	die	das older also: daß	die
genitive	dessen older also: deß, des	deren older also: der, dero	dessen older also: deß, des	derer also: deren older also: dero
dative	dem older also: deme	der	dem older also: deme	denen
accusative	den	die	das older also: daß	die

Latin

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /der/, [dɛr]

Verb

der

first-person singular present passive subjunctive of dō

Limburgish

Adverb

der

there

Synonyms

dao

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /deʀ/, [dɐ]

Etymology 1

Determiner

der f

unstressed form of där

Declension

Luxembourgish definite articles
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nom./acc.	deen (den)	déi (d')	dat (d')	déi (d')
dative	deem (dem)	där (der)	deem (dem)	deen (den)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

der

unstressed form of dir

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns

	nominative		accusative		dative		reflexive
	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.	str.	unstr.	reflexive
1st person singular	ech	—	mech	—	mir	mer	mech
2nd person singular (informal)	du	de	dech	—	dir	der	dech
2nd person singular (formal)	Dir	—	Iech	—	Iech	—	Iech
3rd person singular (m)	hien	en	en	—	him	em	sech
3rd person singular (f)	si / hatt	se / et	si / hatt	se / et	hir / him	— / em	sech
3rd person singular (n)	et	't	et	't	him	em	sech
1st person plural	mir	mer	eis / ons	—	eis / ons	—	eis / ons
2nd person plural	dir	der	iech	—	iech	—	iech
3rd person plural	si	—	si	—	hinnen	–	sech

Middle Dutch

Article

der

inflection of die:
1. feminine genitive and dative singular
2. genitive plural

Adverb

der

unstressed form of dāer

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse þar.

Adverb

der

there

Derived terms

References

“der” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse þar. Akin to English there.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dæːr/, /deːr/

Adverb

der

there

Derived terms

dermed

References

“der” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German der.

Article

der m (definite)

the

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈdɛ(ʁ)/

Verb

der

first-person singular (eu) future subjunctive of dar
third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) future subjunctive of dar

Swedish

Adverb

der

Obsolete spelling of där

Turkish

Verb

der

third-person singular present simple indicative positive of demek

West Frisian

Pronoun

der

there (used with wêze and some other verbs)
- Der binne trije Fryske talen -- There are three Frisian languages.

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þær, from Proto-Germanic *þar. Akin to English there.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /deːr/
Rhymes: -éːr

Adverb

der

right there
there, at the end of a journey

Antonyms

hjär

Related terms

dänna

Etymology 2

Unstressed doublet of the previous word.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dɛr(ː)/, /der(ː)/

Pronoun

der

where
Han no int der ’n jär
He suffers no shortage where he is staying.

Adverb

der

farther
derr överåm
farther up

Preposition

der

(with i) in (that place)
(with åm) in the vicinity of

Wolof

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

Noun

der (definite form der wi)

skin

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