考試

See also: 考试

Chinese

		to check; to verify; to test to check; to verify; to test; to examine	to test; to try; experiment to test; to try; experiment; examination; test
trad. (考試)		考	試
simp. (考试)		考	试

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kǎoshì

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄠˇ ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haau² si⁵, haau² si³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kháu-sṳ
Min Dong (BUC): kō̤-sé̤ṳ / kō̤-sé
Min Nan (POJ): khóⁿ-chhì / khó-chhì
Wu (Wiktionary): kau sr (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Pinyin: kǎoshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄠˇ ㄕˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaoshyh
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    考試／考试
    考釋／考释
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: haau² si⁵, haau² si³
  - Yale: háau síh, háau si
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haau² si⁵, haau² si³
  - Guangdong Romanization: hao² xi⁵, hao² xi³
  - IPA ^(key): /hɑːu̯³⁵ siː¹³/, /hɑːu̯³⁵ siː³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kháu-sṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: kau` sii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kau³ si⁴
  - IPA: /kʰa̯u³¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kō̤-sé̤ṳ / kō̤-sé
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)løy²¹³/, /kʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)lɛi²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khóⁿ-chhì
  - Tâi-lô: khónn-tshì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qvofchix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡ɕʰi⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khó-chhì
  - Tâi-lô: khó-tshì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoychix
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰi²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰi²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰi¹¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: kau sr (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /kɔ³³ sz̩⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɑu^X ɕɨ^H/▼

Rime
Character	考	試
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	苦浩切	式吏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɑu^X/	/ɕɨ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰɑu^X/	/ɕɨ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɑu^X/	/ɕie^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰaw^X/	/ɕɨ^H/
Li Rong	/kʰɑu^X/	/ɕiə^H/
Wang Li	/kʰɑu^X/	/ɕĭə^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰɑu^X/	/ɕi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kǎo	shì

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰluːʔ hljɯɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	考
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ khaw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*k-r̥ˤuʔ/
English	old; deceased father
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	考	試
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7404	14971
Phonetic component	丂	弋
Rime group	幽	代
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	考	試
Old Chinese	/*kʰluːʔ/	/*hljɯɡs/

Noun

考試

test (of a person's proficiency or knowledge); examination; exam (Classifier: 次 m)
模擬考試 / 模拟考试 ― mónǐ kǎoshì ― mock test

標準化考試 / 标准化考试 ― biāozhǔnhuà kǎoshì ― standardized test

期末考試 / 期末考试 ― qīmò kǎoshì ― end-of-term examination

他的考試成績很好。 [MSC, trad.]
他的考试成绩很好。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā de kǎoshì chéngjī hěn hǎo. [Pinyin]
His exam result is very good.

Derived terms

入學考試／入学考试 (rùxué kǎoshì)

漢語水平考試／汉语水平考试 (Hànyǔ Shuǐpíng Kǎoshì)

Verb

考試

to take a test; to sit an examination; to have an exam
我今天考試了。 / 我今天考试了。 ― Wǒ jīntiān kǎoshì le. ― I had an exam today.

大多數學生考完了試。 [MSC, trad.]
大多数学生考完了试。 [MSC, simp.]
Dàduōshù xuéshēng kǎo wán le shì. [Pinyin]
Most of the students have finished the exam.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (考試):

Japanese: 考 (こう)試 (し) (kōshi)
Korean: 고시 (考試, gosi)
Vietnamese: khảo thí (考試)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
考	試
こう Grade: 2	し Grade: 4
on’yomi

Noun

考試 (hiragana こうし, rōmaji kōshi)

test; exam

Korean

Hanja in this term
考	試

Noun

考試 • (gosi) (hangeul 고시)

Hanja form^? of 고시 (“examination, exam, test”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
考	試

Noun

考試

Hán tự form of khảo thí, “examination, exam, test”

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